The review article presents the results of studying plants growing on the territory of the State National Natural Park Tarbagatai, on the basis of which it will be possible to develop new medicines. In recent years, the popularity of herbal medicine, despite a great success in the creation of chemical drugs, has been growing. Interest in natural healing substances and drugs created on their basis is increasing due to both the unique properties of herbal remedies and rapidly developing research technologies in biology, medicine, and the production of drugs. The analysis and structuring of literature sources contain some information about herbal medicines, such as Corydalis ledebouriana Kar. et Kir., Malus sieversii, and Daphne altaica Pall. were carried out. They were grown in Asian countries, mainly in China and Kazakhstan. Many Corydalis species are rich in alkaloids that have a positive effect on the central nervous, digestive, cardiovascular, and pituitary-adrenal systems. Malus sieversii has a high antioxidant activity, it can inhibit cancer cell proliferation, reduce lipid oxidation, and lower cholesterol levels according to in vitro studies of animals, which may explain their roles in reducing the risk of chronic diseases. Daphne have a wide range of pharmacological activity, including anticancer, anti-inflammatory, anti-HIV, hypocholesterolemic, neurotrophic, anti-fertile, skin irritant, nematocidal activity, and pesticide activity. Phytopreparations have some advantages such as low toxicity with sufficiently high efficiency, a wide range of therapeutic action, complex organ protective effect, harmonizing effect on all organs and systems of the body, the minimum number of side effects, relative cheapness compared to synthetic drugs, and the possibility of cooking at home. Phytotherapy has some applications such as primary and secondary preventions of various diseases, health improvement, and rehabilitation of the general population under the influence of negative environmental factors, as a means of increasing the adaptive reserves of a healthy body in sports medicine.

The rapid spread and high mortality rate of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) have recently received worldwide attention. Understanding the pathologic features and behavior of this new virus can help control its spread. The present study aimed to compare SARS-CoV-2 with other similar viruses. This study is a systematic review of current evidence conducted in September 2020. A search was carried out utilizing the keywords in the online databases, including Google Scholar, PubMed, Scopus, Science Direct, and Web of Science. The original peer-reviewed papers written in English that met the eligibility criteria were included in the final report. In this study, we compared SARS-CoV-2 with similar viruses such as influenza, Zika, Ebola, HIV, SARS-COV, and Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronaviruses (MERS-COV) in the features such as envelope structure, risk factors, duration of the disease, common symptoms, and treatments. Moreover, Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) has many similarities with the other viruses explained in the present study. However, there are still controversies about the virus’, s behavior. Although there are similarities between the abovementioned viruses, the scientific community should also pay special attention to distinct features of SARS-CoV-2, particularly the high probability of transmission in the human population, which causes substantial morbidity and mortality worldwide. Future studies are needed further to explore the biological and epidemiological behavior of this virus.

Background: The burden of the COVID-19 pandemic on healthcare systems worldwide has been compromising the progress made in the fight against HIV. This paper aims to determine how the COVID-19 pandemic has impacted HIV comprehensive care service delivery globally as well as to consolidate the evidence and recommendations that may be useful in averting future crisis. Methods: This review adheres to PRISMA guidelines. PubMed, DOAJ, Science Direct and other sources like Google Scholar and citations from included studies were searched methodically to locate studies evaluating the effects of COVID on services for HIV care. The NIH and JBI quality assessment tools were used for the quality assessment of individual studies. Results: In the present review 31 eligible studies were included and the impact on HIV care cascade were summarised under six themes: Lab services, Treatment and allied services, Counselling services, Outreach services, Psycho-social impact and Implementation of sustainable strategies. The studies also presented many innovative alternatives which were lucidly highlighted in the present article. Conclusion: Current evidence depicts multiple factors are responsible for the interruption of HIV care service delivery during the pandemic, especially in low resources settings. The prospective, alternative solutions that have been used to circumvent the threat have also been addressed in this review, in addition to the negative aspects that have been observed. Transition with new innovative, sustainable care paradigms may prove to be the building blocks in removing HIV-AIDS as a public health threat. Registration: Open Science Framework (DOI: 10. 17605/OSF. IO/74GHM).

The jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus) is one of the natural remedies significantly used in folk medicine. The ethnopharmacological applications of jackfruit are mainly concerned with the management of inflammation, diarrhea, and diabetes mellitus. Flavonoids, stilbenoids, aryl benzofurans, and lectin jacalin are abundant in jackfruit species. Jacalin is a good indicator for evaluating the immunological state of HIV-1 patients. The extracts and metabolites of jackfruit, particularly those from the leaves, bark, stem, and fruit, contain several beneficial bioactive mixtures. New studies are focused on exploring these bioactive compounds used in various biological activities such as antiviral, antiplatelet, anticancer, antiatherosclerotic, immunomodulatory effects, inhibitors of 5-alpha reductase activity, and the formulation of fast-dissolving tablets (orodispersible, rapid melts porous). Multidisciplinary programs that integrate traditional and modern technology play a crucial role in the lies ahead expansion of jackfruit as the prospective inception of therapeutic compounds. This review aims to highlight significant results on the identification, production, and bioactivity of metabolites found in jackfruit, with current developments in jackfruit research in the control and prevention of human diseases.

BACKGROUND: The main characteristic of today's adolescents in seeking information is through online media. The pattern of their information-seeking behavior is diversified based on socio-demographic factors. The objective of this study is to describe the information-seeking behavior of reproductive health based on socio-demographics among adolescents. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This online-based survey was conducted with a cross-sectional study in 2021 among 438 adolescents 18–24 years of age in Jakarta, Indonesia, by purposive sampling technique. Data were collected by distributing Google forms and analyzed using the Chi-square test. RESULTS: The main source of information media used by adolescents in their daily lives was online media (97. 3%), with Instagram being the highest proportion (66. 0%). Based on education, there were significant differences in preference topics on Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Acquired Immuno Deficiency Syndrome (HIV-AIDS) and other sexually transmitted diseases (P = 0. 012), reproductive system and puberty (P = 0. 045), source of information from Facebook (P = 0. 034), and source of information from mother (P = 0. 045). Based on parents' income, there was a significant difference in preference topics on child marriage, prevention of pregnancy, and abortion (P = 0. 015). CONCLUSION: There is a need to improve reproductive health promotion by maximizing online media and certain figures along with promotion target mapping based on socio-demographic characteristics.

Parents are primary sex educators of their teenagers and also function as resources for advice and information about sexual decision-making and partner selection. So far, various family-based programs were carried out to prevent HIV infection in young people,however, their findings are contradictory and inconclusive. Therefore, we carried out the current systematic review to critically review the available literature regarding the role of family-based interventions among young people to prevent HIV infection. The available online databases including ISI Web of Science, Scopus, and PubMed were searched systematically up to November 2022. The risk of bias in the eligible studies was examined by two independent authors using the Cochrane Collaboration Risk of Bias tool. A total of 7 studies including 4952 participants were enrolled in the current study. They were conducted between 2006 and 2020. On the basis of the available literature, family-based HIV prevention interventions seem to be effective in terms of improving HIV/AIDS knowledge and also parent–youth communication. It seems that family-based interventions in youth to prevent HIV/AIDS are effective,however, further well-designed studies are needed to help the researchers reach a firm conclusion on this issue. The current systematic review may be used by investigators for future studies in terms of settings and the selection of educational approaches. Moreover, it strongly suggested that further studies investigating the role of family-based education in the prevention of HIV/AIDS utilize more sample size and also a more robust educational framework.

Healthcare personnel are at risk for occupational exposure to blood borne pathogens, including hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Exposures occur through needle sticks or cutsfrom other sharp instruments contaminated with an infected patient's blood or through conman needle sticks and other cuts can be prevented by using safer techniques(for example, not recapping needles by hand), disposing of used needles in Appropriate sharps disposal containers, and using medical devices with safety features designed to prevent injuries. Using appropriate barriers such as gloves eye and face protection, or gowns when contact with blood is expected canPrevent many exposures to the eyes, nose, mouth, or skin with a patient's blood.This article reviews the status ofthe viral blood-borne pathogens and the continued threat theypose for patients and healthcare workers.