Optical float zone furnaces are used in crystal growth experiments where contact temperature measuring devices are not used, in order to avoid contamination. However, they are factory calibrated in terms of the applied lamp power and when in use, melting points are carefully controlled by visual monitoring using video cameras. There is therefore, the need to devise a means to recalibrate the percentage lamp power settings as temperatures (o C) for any sample being processed. To achieve this, a float zone furnace using ellipsoidal flood light reflectors has been designed, constructed and thermally characterized. The design specification was tailored around two ellipsoidal, commercial flood lighting aluminum reflectors of semi major axis a = 31.0 cm, semi minor axis, b = c = 25.5 cm and eccentricity e = 0.587 and powered by 2000W, rectangular halogen filament. The temperature distributions at and around the secondary focus of the realized furnace was calibrated against lamp voltage and power using a K-type thermocouple connected to a TES 1315 temperature data logger. The temperature growth of heated samples with applied lamp power was found to be described by an inverse exponential expression with a goodness of fit value of 99.48% after least square regression and is statistically significant. Using the determined temperature-power relationship, it is thus possible to determine the temperature of heated samples without a thermometer. Secondly, optical float zone furnaces can be temperature calibrated against input power.

One of the mechanisms which can direct investors to invest more efficiently to get more returns is the amount of free float. This type of shares is a percentage of the company's capital that is available for trading or can be traded without any restrictions. The difference in the amount of free float in various countries, industries, sectors and companies at different times show the fact that the amount of free float is affected by different factors and variables. This has led many researchers to investigate factors which can lead to find its effective amount. The main concern of analysts is to estimate the theoretical value of stocks and asset prices with a comparable tool such as free float. Of course, from the viewpoint of market participants, the relationship of different levels of free float shares to key measures and tools such as company performance is not yet clear. Therefore, this study aims to investigate stock supercharging by increasing the percentage of free float and its effect on the performance of companies. In this study, 128 companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange were selected, which were active in the fiscal years 2009 to 1397. After Panel Data Method with random effects was used for the research regression model, the results indicate a positive and significant effect of free float on the performance of companies.

The grindability of ores is a very significant parameter which is used in size reduction equipments design and selection. The Hardgrove Index (HGI) is a normal approach for measuring the coal sample grindability which is calculated using hardgrove machine. The coals specification such as humidity, ash content, volatile matter and heating value are analytical parameters which could change the HGI amount of coal samples. In this study it has been attempted to define the coal HGI values. on the basis of sink-float experimental data. An empirical equation was defined with applying regression technique on the data of above parameters to estimate HGI values.    

Background: Following the trend of residency programs, more medical schools are offering night float (NF) schedules for clerkships and sub-internship rotations. The efficacy of this structure to educate students and prepare them for residency was evaluated. Methods: Twenty individuals were surveyed after a month-long 4 th year NF elective in Trauma and Emergency Surgery. Results: Thirteen participants responded (65%), reporting more bedside procedures (84. 7%) and oneon-one teaching with residents (84. 7%), when compared to daytime shifts. Six (46. 2%) experienced more operative procedures and contact with the attending physician. All participants (100%) reported: increased autonomy; that this elective better prepared them for their surgical residencies; and that they would recommend this type of program to other students considering a career in surgery. Conclusion: Overall the NF surgical sub-internship was an effective and well-received experience for 4 th medical students, with increased autonomy, more frequent procedures, and added resident-led education, when compared to a traditional daytime surgical clerkship/sub-internship. A NF schedule can be a valuable learning experience that prepares medical students for surgical residency.