SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH IRANIAN VETERINARY JOURNAL
Year:2010 | Volume:5 | Issue:4 (25)|Papers Count:13

The aim of this study was to determine the quality of ground meats and hamburgers and the contamination of these products with E. coli 0157. A total of 250 samples (125 ground meats and 125 hamburgers) were collected for retails in Shahrekord. Microbiological examinations were done on the samples for coliform counting by making tenfold serial dilution and plating them with Mc.A media. To isolate the E. coli 0157, samples were cultured in E.E broth containing Novobiocin and incubated at 37°C overnight. Subcultures were prepared on MC Sorbitol agar and incubated at 37°C for 24h. Suspected colonies were chosen, biochemical and serological tests were done on the colonies to confmn the E. coli 0157 and 0157:H7. The results of this study showed that the microbial quality of ground beefs and hamburgers are unacceptable according to the standard limit of Iran, the mean value of coliform were 1.75x103 CFU/g and 5.7 x102 CFU/g respectively. Indeed 4 (3.2%) of the ground beefs and hamburgers were contaminated with E. coli 0157, but none of them were E. coli 0157:H7. PCR for detecting the virulence genes among the isolated E.coli 0157 revealed that 37.7 % contain VT2 and eae genes. But other virulence genes (hly and VTl) were shown in none of the isolates.

Traumatic reticuloperitonitis/pericarditis (TRP) is one of the most common gastrointestinal diseases in cattle. It is caused by penetration of sharp foreign bodies to reticulum and heart. This condition initially causes local peritonitis. In this study, blood glucose, protein, fibrinogen, billirubin, BHB, Ca, IP, Mg, ALT, ALP and AST were investigated in 19 cows suffering from traumatic reticulopericaditis and compared with 10 healthy cows in 2007 in Urmia. Mean for glucose, Ca, Mg, IP and ALT in TRP cows was 54.7, 9.1, 2.6, 3.3 and 32.7 mg/dl, respectively. The values in TRP cows were lower than healthy animals (P<0.01). The highest percent of decline belonged to IP. The mean for protein, fibrinogen, billirubin, BHB, ALP and AST was 11.01 g/dl, 1192.9, 1.52 mg/dl, 0.57 mmol/l, 147 and 129.1 U/L, respectively, in that they were higher than control cows (P<0.01). The highest increase among parameters was shown for fibrinogen, billirubin and AST, respectively. The maximum values were observed in TRP cows except for Ca and IP and the minimum were in control cows. The correlations among parameters under study showed that glucose, electrolytes and AST, respectively, have the highest relationship among themselves and then other parameters. Thus, it is concluded that the glucose, electrolytes and AST accompanied by other hematological finding could support each other and would be useful as a diagnostic value in traumatic reliculoperitonitis.

This study was carried out to determine the frequency of the food-borne pathogens Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Listeria monocytogenes on turkey meat at Esfahan. Totally 240 turkey's meat were sampled during July 2006 till April 2007 and bacteriological examinations were done for detection of these bacteria. Escherichia coli O157:H7 serotype was confirmed by polymerase chain reaction method. The result of culture and biochemical tests showed that the rate of contamination of samples to E. coli, E. coli O157:H7 and Listeria monocytogenes were 35.4% (85 of 240), 24.1% (58 of 240) and 1.7% (14 of 240) respectively. Based on PCR method, only 5.8% (14 of 240) of samples were positive for E. coli O157:H7. Seasonal distribution showed that the highest prevalence of E. coli O157:H7 occurred in the autumn and summer samples. The results of this study and the role of E. coli especially E. coli O157:H7 serotype and L. monocytogenes which are infective food borne agents, it is cause necessary to use prevention and control systems to eliminate these agents from meat and other foods.

Survival of the animal generation is stable on the basis of reproductive organs development. In male, the testis in addition to stabilization of natural function and development of male accessory reproductive organs, undertake formation of sexual cells (sperm). Therefore, it is important to attend to development process and quality of formation this organ in during embryological period. For determination of macroscopic age by stereomicroscope and study of tissue structure and formation time of primitive testis in the goat fetus, 36 fetuses with CRL 20 to 32 mm were collected from slaughterhouse and fixed in 10% buin's solution. Then, tissue sections were prepared by routine method and stained by H&E, PAS, Van-Gieson and Trichrome massons. The macroscopic results showed that sexual differentiation of goat fetus occurred in 38/6 day and microscopic sexual differentiation occurred in 36/4 day.

The aim of this study was to determine the seroprevalence of Brucella canis infection in the sera of rural dogs in Ahvaz city, in southwest of Iran. A total of 116 serum samples were obtained as randomized from dogs between 2006 and 2008. Sera were examined by Immunochromatography assay (Anigen Rapid B. canis Ab Test Kit, RB21-03). The studied dogs were divided into two age groups (1-5 years and> 5 years) and based on clinical signs related to brucellosis (such as scrotum dermatitis, diskospondylosis, lymphadenitis, abortion and infertility) into two groups with and without signs, too. Prevalence of antibody against Brucella canis was 10.34% (12 of 116) in these dogs. Seroprevalence was more in dogs above 5 years (15.7%; 8 of 51) compared with dogs less than 5 years (6.15%; 4 of 65), but the difference was not statistically significant between two age groups (P>0.05). Prevalence of infection was 12% (9 of 75) in male dogs and 7.32% (3 of 41) in female dogs. Seroprevalence was 9.88% (8 of 81) in mixed breed, 10.71% (3 of 28) in Germanshepherds and 14.29% in Doberman pinchers. There was no significant difference between different sexes and breeds either (P>0.05). Eight of 23 cases (34.78%) which had clinical signs and four of 93 cases (4.3%) which did not have clinical signs were seropositive. Nevertheless, the difference for related signs to brucellosis was significant between the groups (P<0.05). This study showed that Brucella canis infection is present among the rural dogs population of Ahvaz area.

Malignant catarrhal fever (MCF)is one the most important viral diseases of livestock. Aetiologically, there are two forms the disease, one is associated with Alcelaphine herpes virus-1 (AIHV-1) of the wildebeests, and the other (SA-MCF) with Ovine herpes To determine the genetic relationship of gB gene of OHV-2 in Iran with those in other countries firstly fragments 1501bp corresponding to gB from five samples (2 samples ill cattle MCF and 3 samples from sheep more than one year-old) were amplified in PCR system and nucleotide sequences were compared and, nucleotide sequence of this gene was identified in Gene Bank. The given results indicate the presence of 6.4 to 9.3% variability in gB gene in five sequenced samples in Iran. A comparison made on gB gene in Iran with other countries showed 0.6 to 29.9% variability in gB gene, of which the greatest sequence similarity exists between sequences of gB in Iran with USA (AF385439.1) and the least relationship exists between sequences of this virus in Iran with India (EF633446.1).

In order to measure the bacterial contamination of water such as total bacterial count, total vibrio count and total coliform, water of Bahmanshir, water carrier canals and shrimp (vannamei) ponds in Choebdeh Abadan were examined. For this purpose, samples of river and water carrier canals from May to October, 2007 and shrimp ponds around culture period (August to October, 2007) were taken twice a month. Samples were tested about total bacteria and total vibrio by pour plate procedure and total coliform by MPN.Results from analysis of 77 samples demonstrated that variation process of total bacteria in all stations from 0.21x103 to 15.3x103 CFU/ml and has not significant difference. Average of total vibrio count in shrimp ponds (0.72x103) was more than, river (0.26x103) due to food remaining and shrimp mortality probably. In different months with increase of water salinity, total vibrio was increased too. Because of sewage arrival to Bahmanshir river, total coliform was the most of all stations.

Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale (ORT) is a recently described species of Bacterium associated with respiratory disease, growth retardation, mortality and decrease egg production. In the present study, a total of 220 tracheal (22 flocks), 90 ovaries and oviducts (IS flocks), and 90 misshapen egg shells (15 flocks) swabs were collected from 22 broiler breeder flocks of 5 companies in Guilan Province. The ORT infection was diagnosed in tracheal swab samples of seven flocks (31.81% of 22 flocks or 3.18% of 220 sample swabs). None of the ovaries, oviducts and egg shells swabs was positive in this study. A 784 bp fragment of the 16s rRNA gene was amplified using specific primers in the PCR. Out of seven flocks infected with ORT, five flocks were positive in both culture and PCR methods and two were detected only by PCR method. The result showed that PCR is asuitable method for diagnosis of the ORT.

In this survey, 250 bladder from slaughtered cattle were investigated at Tehran abattoirs. All cattle had to pass an ante-mortem vet examination during which their age and sex were evaluated by the veterinary surgeon. The bladder of each cattle, immediately after slaughter, was labeled and opened with a scalpel. Calculi in the bladder were collected and the chemical analysis of bladder stones was carried out by commercial kit. The composition of calculi was also compared between sex by t-Student test.In the present study, bladder calculi were found in the bladder of 39 cows (15.6%). There were calculi in one out of 24 calves (0.4%) and 38 out of 226 adult cattle, with higher frequency in the male sex (13.6% in male and 2% in female). Analysis of the calculi showed that main composition of bladder calculi in the cattle slaughtered at Tehran abattoirs are calcium and ammonium carbonate. In addition, small amounts of calcium phosphate and trace amounts of calcium oxalate, uric acid and magnesium were detected by analysis. There was no statistically significant difference (t-Student) between the chemical compositions of the bladder calculi for sex.

In this study, in order to observe angiogenesis process after ligation of paraconal artery and its branch, two methods were used; injection of dyeing material (latex) and angiography by means of contrast media. For this purpose, six 2 month-old male puppies born from the same mother were used. Two puppies were used as controls and four were operated. The results of the latter method indicated new vessel formation below the §ite of ligation after 45 days. In angiography method, the results showed that both the notable new and anastomotic vessels to compensate the function of ligated vessels were noticed. These results showed the phenomenon of angiogenesis and arteriogenesis on ischemic heart wall.

A chronic disease with cardiovascular and respiratory involvement in lactating cows was diagnosed in a dairy herd. In the clinical examination, tachycardia and diarrhea were observed. On postmortem examination in 6 cows, petechial hemorrhages at the epicard, hepatomegaly, enhancement of lobular pattern of liver, pulmonary edema and consolidation were observed. Histopathological examination revealed necrosis and degeneration of heart muscles, severe hemorrhage and infiltration of inflammatory cells (especially lymphocytes) at the myocardium. Hepatic lesions included periportal fatty changes, hepatocellular atrophy in centrilobular zone and substitution of them by red blood cells and connective tissue. Pulmonary tissue was very hyperemic and alveoli were filled with edema fluid and hemosiderophages. Interstitial pneumonia and thickening of alveolar septa due to infiltration of mononuclear inflammatory cells and fibrosis were the predominant lesions too. On the basis of history, the long time usage of monensin, clinical signs, pathological and toxicological finding, chronic or subacute monensin poisoning diagnosed definitely. The problem was resolved after lowering dosage of monensin.