Razi Journal of Medical Sciences
Year:2017 | Volume:24 | Issue:162 |Papers Count:8

Background: Educational environment is a major factor for teacher and student’ s health, comfort and academic performance. Nowadays, technology improvement in classroom environment has exposed the users to ergonomics risk factors. The aim of this study was to assess the ergonomics of computer lab from student and expert’ s point of view. Methods: This analytic descriptive cross sectional study was conducted in the University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences in 2016. Noise, lightening status, classroom environment and anthropometrics adjustment between students and class furniture dimensions were measured with sound level meter, luxmeter (Hagner EC1), Computer Classroom Environment Inventory (CCEI) checklist and anthropometric kit, respectively. Results: Results showed that space environment, work space and computer station were not satisfactory but visual space seemed appropriate which was consistent with student’ s opinion. Subjective and objective evaluation of acoustical comfort was not desirable. There was not any match between student’ s physical dimensions and furniture dimensions except the under table space which was consistent with the students opinions. Conclusion: Ergonomics intervention in order to increase the ergonomics conditions of computer lab should be considered.

Background: One of the common ovary malfunction is polycystic ovary syndrome (PCO). In this study, GPX3 and NRF2 gene experssion which are responsible for oocyte maturation, were studied. Methods: Adult female mice were divided into groups of control, sham, PCO, hyperstimulated control, hyperstimulated sham and hyperstimulated PCO. During two weeks, the weight of all mice and the level of LH and FSH hormones were evaluated. In hyperstimulated groups, after 14 hours of hyperstimulation, the oocytes were collected from fallopian tube and the expression of GPX3 and NRF2 genes were evaluated by real time PCR. Ovary tissues from all groups were H&E stained and evaluated by morphometric methods. The results were analyzed by SPSS software, ANOVA and tukey tests. Results: Morphometric studies showed many cystes in cortex and medulla of the ovary in PCO group. In PCO group the level of LH and FSH hormones were higher than control and sham groups significantly (p<0. 05), but in hyperstimulated groups, they were not significant. The GPX3 and NRF2 gene experssion in hyperstimulated PCO group were significantly lower than hyperstimulated control and sham groups (p<0. 05). Conclusion: The results of this study shows that the time of oocyte maturation in hyperstimulated PCO group is different when compared to the other hyperstimulated groups.

Background: Actinomycetes have significant biosynthetic potential of secondary metabolites and promising resource for drug industry. These secondary metabolitesare diverse in biological, chemical structures and functions and the most prolific source of antimicrobial compounds. Most of these antimicrobial have beenisolated from soil-derived actinomycetes of the genus Streptomyces. The aim of this study was to isolate and identify Actinobacteria from Deylam intertidal sediments using 16S rDNA universal primers and screening of isolates for production of antimicrobial secondary metabolites by using disk palate assay. Methods: Six isolates were isolated from soil samples collected from different sites. Allsix isolates were considered as Streptomyces sp. according to phylogentic study based on 16S rDNA gene. Isolates were analyzed for production of potent antimicrobial secondary metabolites using standard disk and well assay. Results: Results showed that none of isolates supernatant had inhibitory effect on P. vulgarisand Klebsilla sp. the most inhibition zone of pathogenic bacteria was shown by AHA5 against S. typhi (9. 2 mm). Altogether isolates supernatant showed more antifungal activity in comparison with antibacterial activity and the most inhibition zone was demonstrated by AHA1 supernatant against T. mentagrophytes pathogenic fungi with 21 mm diameters of zone of inhibition. Conclusion: Our results highlighted thatmangrove Deylam intertidal sediments represented a reservoir for isolation of Actinobacteria, which are potential sources for discovery of antimicrobial secondarymetabolites.

Background: Chest pain is one of the most common causes of children visit in the cardiology clinic. In a significant number of pediatric patients the cause is non cardiac origin. Anxiety and depressive disorders in children are common and can be the cause of many other disorders. This study was designed to evaluate anxiety and depressive disorders in children with chest pain. Methods: In this study, children with complaint of chest pain during 2014-15, referring to Gorgan city Taleghani Hospital, after ruling out the cardiac and common non cardiac causes, were referred to a children psychiatric physician. Children with depression and anxiety were treated with fluoxetine. Results: During the survey, 18% of all patients had anxiety disorder and 1% of study subjects had depression. In 92% of patients, the chest pain and symptoms of underlying mental illness improved. Conclusion: Based on our findings, a significant percentage of children with non-somatic chest pain had different types of anxiety disorder and depression. The results of this study can be a very good fact to show the influence of treatment on the inhibition of anxiety disorders and depression-related illnesses such as chest pain and other underlying symptoms.

Background: Cancer is a major public health problem worldwide and is one of the most leading causes of death in the world. The number of cancer survivors is increasing because of early detection, new treatment methods and growth of the population. Also, extensive researches continue to achieve the best practical treatment. Hyperthermia by High-Intensity Focused Ultrasound (HIFU) is one of the newest and the most practical non-invasive techniques in cancer treatment so in this paper, using HIFU in the treatment of solid cancerous tumors and its efficiency was evaluated. Methods: In the method, the temperature is increased in the tissue and tumor by using HIFU absorption and maintaining temperature. By maintaining temperature the condition is created so that irreversible changes occur in the cells and that lead to cell death. So in this approach, heat is used to induce the tumor ablation without thermal damage to normal tissue surroundings. This technique can reduce significantly the side effects. Results: It has the potential to cause selective necrosis by heating or cavitation without entering an electrode into the tumor. Also, using HIFU is considered to treat solid tumors, including prostate, liver, breast, kidney, bone and pancreas cancerous tumors. Conclusion: According the results, this approach could be an appropriate alternative technique to surgical excision. In addition, it relieves pain in advanced cancer. Patients accept this method more easily, psychologically and cosmetically. Finally, HIFU ablation can induce immune response, and suppression of the tumor activity. Therefore, High-intensity focused ultrasound ablation may play a key role in future clinical cancer treatment.

Background: Multiple sclerosis is one of the most common autoimmune inflammatory diseases in young ages. Many aspects of this disease are still unknown. The aim of the present study was to investigate the expression and activity level of 15-lipoxygenase-1 (a producer of lipid peroxide and regulating inflammation and immune responses) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells in patients with multiple sclerosis and healthy individual and considering its correlation with lipid profile of individuals. Methods: 30 patients with multiple sclerosis from Firouzgar Hospital in Tehran and 23 healthy subjects as control participated in this case-control study. The peripheral blood mononuclear cells of the subjects were used for mRNA extraction and cDNA construction, and to determine the expression level of 15-Lipoxygenase-1 gene, a Real-Time PCR-based Cyber Green method was used and data were analyzed using Δ Δ CT method. Also, the amount of 15-lipoxygenase-1 product (15-S-HETE) in serum was determined by High Pressure Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). Finally, statistical analysis was performed using Graph Pad Prism software version 5 and independent t-test. Results: Measurement of 15-lipoxygenase-1 expression level in mononuclear blood cells extracted from the peripheral blood of patients with multiple sclerosis and healthy controls revealed that the level of this gene was significantly increased in patients comparing to controls. Also, the activity of 15-lipoxygenase-1 which was measured via its metabolite level in serum of patients and controls demonstrated that the enzyme activity was increased in serum of patients compared to controls (p<0. 05). Also, the results have shown that in patients with higher level of Cholesterol, Triglyceride and LDL, the level of 15-lipoxygensae-1 and its metabolite had higher level compared to patients with normal lipid profile. Conclusion: The results of the current study have shown that the 15-lipoxygenase-1 enzymatic pathway might affect multiple sclerosis pathogenesis and due to the significant differences of the enzyme level in patients compared to controls, it can be noticed as a possible pathway for controlling disease. Since elevated lipid profile level is the risk factor of multiple sclerosis pathogenesis, in this study the correlation was observed between the higher level of LDL, Cholesterol and Triglyceride and enzyme expression level and activity which emphasize on the important role of lipid metabolic pathway in multiple sclerosis.

Background: Organizational culture includes core values, assumptions, and changes in approaches that define the characteristics of an organization. The inadequacy of administrative health is also part of a set of issues that organizations experience in their lifetime. In this research, the effect of the organization's culture on Hofstede's perspective and its effect on the inadequate administrative health have been studied. Methods: This study was conducted in 2011. The research method was descriptive survey. The statistical population of this research was the staff of Lamard's Health Care Center, which is considered to be unlimited by the research community and need for sampling. To determine the number of samples using the Cochran formula, the number 289 people were randomly distributed among the staff of the Lamard Health Care Center. Data were analyzed using Pearson, Sidenf and Colmaragh statistical methods. Results: There is a correlation between administrative ambiguity and inefficiency between administrative and organizational culture and the inefficiency of administrative health, but between betrayal versus patriarchy, there was no relationship with administrative health. Also, there was no significant relationship between power gap and inefficiency of administrative health. Conclusion: The inadequacy of the administrative health available at the Lamard Healthcare Center has been driven by a patriarchal group-based organizational culture (collectivism, ambiguity) and margin of power.