DANESH-E-ENTEZAMI
Year:2007 | Volume:9 | Issue:3 (35)|Papers Count:11

Examining Security is of great importance in exploring international relations. Thinking of the word security what comes into our mind more than anything else is being secured from attack and military management. But "Security" is more complex than that. The major problem in investigating security after the cold war is that little consensus exists on the nature of security.This paper seeks to look at security from different perspective.

Organizational culture is among the most important elements of any organization and is entangled with the thought, feeling, and actions of its members. There are two types of organizational culture: formal and informal. Formal organizational culture refers to rules, regulations, and codes which are written and recorded, but informal one involves the common principles and beliefs of the internalized in the organization.Despite the traditional perceptions which accepted the organizational culture in its formal sense, this paper tries to focus on the police informal organizational culture to evaluate the effects and perspectives of its elements.

Mediator institutes play the role of regulating the interaction of people and government. Such institutes convey peoples needs to the government and create an organized relationship between the two parties.This paper presents an interaction model of the two-dimentional political structure (people and government) and examines the three-dimentional one (people, mediator institutes, and government) focusing on the roles and functions of  mediator institutes.The paper tries to present anew understanding of the world's new conditions and complexities, which requires the reconstruction of political structures.

Vocational environments are always subjects to permanent changes. Organizations are rearranged and replanted to respond faster and to get more effective and flexible. Computers, Internet, and Information technology have changed the functions of organizations including police.The present study tries to investigate the organizational behavior in electronic police. Such behavior and the related changes are divided into three different levels: Individual: feelings, motivation, ethics, and privacyGroup: Communication, decision-making, Leadership, trust:Organization: Structure supervision, Job planning, human resource training.

Police personnel Ethical Standards should be compiled and regulated to step toward the organizational aims and to satisfy the ethical needs of the personnel. Some believe that the present standards are not efficient enough and sould be modified.The present paper tries to compile personnel ethical standards and introduce it through tow types of framework: prescriptive and nonprescriptive. The author has benefited from a plethora of books, articles, … to write this paper.

Islamic revolution committee is one of the most important revolutionary institutes that was spontaneously formed by masses of people in Iran's mosques. The basic mission of committee was maintaining law and order in cities and suburbs and combating the ex-regime. Among the most significant performances of committee are: detecting and arresting forghan group, detecting Noje coup d'etat, combating liberal groups, forming Tehran's police station commiuttees, patrolling, performing electiorary protection plans, bodyguarding, and defernding in the battle field. This paper tries to study the committee and introduce it better to the citizens.

Community-Oriented Policing has experienced Considerable Theoretical and empirical growth in the last two decades.  One of the most important indices of the efficiency and effectiveness of Community-Oriented Policing is the ability to reduce citizens’ fear of crime. No doubt through crime prevention, Community-Oriented Policing can promote citizens’ Satisfaction, feeling security, and their quality of life.The present paper tries to explore “feeling of security” and certain related theories and concepts such as Community-Oriented Policing.Definitions, aspects, and factors of Community-Oriented Policing are presented too.

Crime detection is among the police major missions. The present paper tries to explore the process of entrapment by the police from three different perspectives: Police, accused, and evidences. If a crime is detected through entrapment by the police, the crime is of the type related to police officers, the perpetrator has criminal responsibility. If a police officer encourages somebody to commit a crime, he will be the suspect for being the accomplice of the perpetrator.Due to certain reasons, crime detection by entrapment is against public order and ethics; evidences obtained through such method are not of sufficient validity for proving lots of crimes. Nonetheless, national security and specific nature of certain new crimes necessitates the use of such method for detecting crime. This paper examines rules of the U.S., France, England, and Italy on this issue and qualifies the method with Islamic Criminal system.

What is accusing communication and what is its conditions? What is the relationship between accusing communication and exemption principle? The principle which indicates that in Criminal law all people are innocent unless the contrary is proved.Accusing communication is the process of clarifying and explaining the committed crime and its legal consequences in a way that the accused becomes completely aware of his legal tasks. Police and judicial agents have certain responsibilities in this regard. The accused has also some rights. The present paper tries to elaborate on these issues.

Family is a social system developed in any society. Social structure in anthropology often accompanies with family and relatives structure. Any disorder in family can be defied as the break down of the family or the social roles attributed to it.Divorce is among the family disorders, the rate of which has been increasing since the last years in Iran. No doubt, such phenomenon brings about certain threats in the society. The present study aims at exploring divorce in 1996-2004 in Iran to identify factors efficient in the emergence of the phenomenon from economic, social, cultural, character, and individual perspectives. The mission of police as well as certain strategies for reducing the rate of divorce is clarified.