TOLOO-E-BEHDASHT
Year:2018 | Volume:17 | Issue:4 (70) |Papers Count:12

Introduction: Chronic diseases are the major cause of death and disability in the world. Despite the high prevalence and complications of chronic diseases, many of them are preventable using simple methods. Health promoting behaviors are one of the best ways to protect the health. Women are the center of family health and the model of education and promotion of healthy lifestyle regarding the next generation. So, the aim of this study was to investigate the health promoting behaviors of women of reproductive age in Yazd city, Iran. Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 120 women aged 15-49 supported by Shahid Farshad Health Center in Yazd. Health-promoting behaviors questionnaire (HPLP-II) was used to collect the study information. The participants were required to complete the questionnaires using the self-report methods. Data were analyzed by spss16using the descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: The mean age of women was 33. 67± 7. 43. The highest mean score (26. 60± 5. 06) was related to the spiritual growth subscales; whereas, the lowest mean scores was attributed to physical activity (13. 6± 3. 6) and stress management (18. 69± 3. 7). Age and level of education had a significant association with the total score of health promoting lifestyle. Conclusion: Despite the desirability of participants' promoting health behaviors in the present study, health-promoting behaviors should be promoted, especially in the field of physical activity and stress management. Health education using various methods is a suitable tool for motivating and modifying the incorrect behaviors. As a result, appropriate interventions should be conducted to encourage the health promotion behaviors.

Introduction: According to the Public Beliefs and Chamomile combinations based on its relief effect, this trial is done to compare the effects of chamomile tea and black tea on depression and oxidative stress in depressed patients with diabetes. Methods: This is a randomized clinical trial that was done with participation of 74 depressed patients with diabetes. Participants were randomly divided to two groups of chamomile tea (CG) and black tea (BG) (n=37), that received 3 daily cups of chamomile tea and black tea bags respectively, at least half an hour after meals. Beck Depression Inventory was completed to assess depression at baseline, after 6 and 12 weeks. TAC and MDA tests were done at the beginning and end of the study. Results: At the end of study, 64 patients completed the study. After the study, mean scores of beck decreased significantly between the two groups. Beck scores showed significant differences in both CG (P < 0. 001) and BG (P = 0. 04) after the intervention, but the mean changes in scores were Obtained significantly in CG more than BG. Mean TAC was significantly decreased in both CG and BG, the mean changes showed no significant differences between the two groups. Conclusion: This study showed that consumption of chamomile tea compared with black tea relatively decreased depression, but had no significant effects on oxidative stress.

Introduction: Cancer is one of the non-communicable diseases and a major cause of mortality in recent decades. Studies have shown that there is a relationship between lifestyle and cancer; therefore it is necessary to identify and modify the life style to prevent cancer. This study was conducted to determine the lifestyle of people in relation to cancer prevention in Yazd in 2014. Methods: This descriptive-cross sectional study was conducted on 500 people in Yazd through cluster sampling method. Data were collected by questionnaire in 7 dimensions and its validity and reliability were confirmed. Data analysis was performed using SPSS-16, T-test, and ANOVA tests. Results: According to the results, the mean of all dimensions of lifestyle, except in exercise and physical activity dimension, was higher than the mean of possible range. The findings show that married people had a significantly higher score in nutrition habits and single people had in physical activity and exercise dimension. People with a BMI of less than 20 (underweight people) had worse status than others in terms of mental health, physical health and exercise and physical activity. Moreoevr, people had higher scores in physical activity and exercise dimension with higher level of education. Furthermore, students had significantly higher scores in physical activity and exercise dimension and unemployed people received the lowest score in this dimension. People who were homeowner had higher scores in mental health, physical health. Conclusion: Overall, people's lifestyle was relatively favorable in cancer prevention in various dimensions. Furthermore, planning to increase public awareness about risk factors of cancer and support of healthy lifestyle by focusing on a diet high in vegetables, fruit, fiber, dairy products, antioxidant, low amounts of meat, taking antioxidants, and appropriate physical activity should be used as a part of primary prevention.

Introduction: Cervical cancer is the fourth most common cancer and one of the most important causes of death among women worldwide. Although this cancer is one of the most important women's health issues in the developing countries, it is preventable fortunately and Pap smear test is an effective screening method for its prevention and early diagnosis. This study aimed to determine the predictors of Pap smear test among women in Shahr-e-kord based on protection motivation theory. Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out on 290 eligible women of Shahr-e-kord city in 2016. The study tool was a researcher-made questionnaire based on the protection motivation theory, which was completed by participants as self-report. To analyze the data, t-test, logistic regression, and ANOVA were used. Results: Statistically significant differences were observed in the mean scores of perceived severity (p=0. 004), perceived self-efficacy (P=0. 000), perceived response efficacy (P=0. 008), and protection motivation (P=0. 01) based on the behavior. Moreover, the perceived severity (OR=1. 12) and perceived rewards (OR=0. 90) were the statistically significant predictors of Pap smear test among women in Shahre-e-kord city. Conclusion: The study results confirmed the predictive role of protection motivation theory in the protective behavior of cervical cancer (Pap smear).

Introduction: Gastroenteritis Shigellosis is caused by Shigella serovars. The purpose this study was to determine the frequency of Shigella species in acute diarrhea caused by consumption of contaminated food in Yazd province. We also invetigated the determining factors of Shigella for antibiotic resistance. Methods: This descriptive study was conducted on 51 outbreaks of food-borne diarrhea from spring 2015 to winter 2016. A totla of 190 samples of diarrhea stool swabs were studied, which were sent from Yazd province. All samples were studied for the existence of Shigella bacteria, microbial culture, sero-grouping, and antibiogram. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze the data. Results: The highest incidence of the disease was in the spring with 19 cases (37. 2%). Among the cities of the province, Yazd and Ashkezar had the highest incidence rates with 30 (58. 8%) and 10 outbreaks (19. 69%), respectively. Of the seven cases of Shigella isolates, the dominant age group was under-15 years and the dominant gender was male. The most clinical symptoms were nausea, non-bloody diarrhea, abdominal cramps, vomiting, headache, and bloody-diarrhea. All isolates of Shigella showed 100percent sensitivty to antibiotics ciprofloxacin and ceftriaxone. However, the isolates were were resistant to Co-trimoxazole (85. 7%). To confirm Shigella, we used the API-20E kit. Conclusion: Identification of intestinal pathogens associated with diarrhea is sometimes effective in taking measures to prevent diarrhea. Awareness about the type of bacteria that cause diarrhea is important in foodborne diseases, while knowing about its drug resistance pattern is important in reducing the outbreaks' prevalence and treatment costs. Therefore, necessary measures shoud be adopted to control and prevent from the disease.

Introduction: Breast cancer is one of the most common diseases among women and various factors are involved in its development. The aim of this study was to determine the factors affecting the survival of women with breast cancer in Yazd using Cox's model using the Bayesian and Classic methods. Methods: A population-based study was conducted on 538 women with breast cancer who referred to Ramezanzade Radiotherapy Center. The required data were collected from the April 2005 to March 2012. This analytical study was conducted using survival analysis method. Data were analyzed by R software version 0/4/3 and the significance level was set at 0. 05. Results: We used the Kaplan method and found that the 1-, 5-, and 8-year survival of women with breast cancer were 0. 976, 0. 898, 0. 823, and 0. 737, respectively. The mean age of participants was 48. 03± 11. 16 and the mean survival time was about 97. 64± 4. 23 months. Bayesian Cox regression results showed that markers of surgery (HR=1. 631 95%PI; 1. 102-2. 422), ki67 (HR= 3. 260. 95%PI; 1. 6308-6. 372), stage (HR=5. 620, 95%PI; 4. 079-7. 731), lymph node (HR= 1. 765, 95%PI; 1. 127-2. 790), and ER (HR = 2. 600 95%PI; 2. 023-3. 354) were significantly related to survival. Conclusion: Due to the short probability interval for the risk ratio, the Cox Bayesian model was selected as the optimal model. Accordingly, the variables of disease stage, lymph node involvement, the type of surgery, and markers of Ki67 and ER had positive effects on the death risk. In this study we used the findings of the previous studies regarding the validity of the Bayesian method. So, application of this model in survival analysis requires more detailed investigations.

Introduction: Failure in social support is one of the important factors in developing postpartum depression. Since mothers with premature or sick babies have higher levels of anxiety during postpartum period in comparison with other members, they need more social support. So, in this study we decided to evaluate the relation between postpartum depression and the level of social support in mothers who have premature newborns. Methods: This descriptive-correlative study was conducted on 100 mothers who had premature newborns and were discharged from the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of Shahid Sadoughi Hospital in 2016. The sampling was conducted using the available sampling method. Mothers were asked to complete the social support and postpartum depression questionnaire. . All collected data were entered to the SPSS v. 17 and analyzed by the analytic and descriptive statistical indices. The significance level was set at p-value<0. 05. Results: The final results revealed that social support had a significant association (p-value<0. 05) with the number of mother’ s child, her husband’ s job, and family economic status. Furthermore, the findings revealed that postpartum depression had a significant association with the father's job, the educational status of father, and the economic status of family. Conclusion: It can be concluded that the more social support leds to the less incidence of postpartum depression.

Introduction: Today, contamination of surface and underground water sources with textile dyes is one of the most serious environmental problems facing humans. Nanocomposites are a new generation of superabsorbents that have been proposed by many researchers as a promising strategy to reduce water pollution. In this study, a ceramic carbon nanocomposite containing multi-wall carbon nanotubes was synthesized and used as an adsorbent for removal of anionic acid red 37 from aqueous. Methods: This experimental study was carried out at the laboratory level. The statistical population included synthetic aqueous solutions of acidic red dye 37 containing different amounts of synthesized nanocomposite. In absorption experiments, the effect of different factors such as pH, contact time, initial concentration of the dye, and the amount of ceramic carbon nanocomposite on the color absorption from solution was investigated. The adsorption conditions were optimized by response surface method. In addition, we investigated the dye absorption on ceramic carbon adsorbent based on Langmuir and Freundlich models. Results: The optimal conditions were obtained at pH =4. 2, contact time = 90 min, initial concentration of 24 mg / L, and 1. 6g of ceramic carbon nanocomposite. In this condition, the maximum absorption efficiency of 97 percent was obtained. The maximum absorption capacity of the proposed nanocomposite was determined as 45. 6 mg / g, which is comparable to similar carbon absorptions. Conclusion: Based on the results, we found that the best model for justifying the dye absorption behavior on composite is the Freundlich model and the pseudo-second order equation can be used to study the kinetic behavior of AR37 absorption.