RESEARCH ON ADDICTION
Year:2011 | Volume:5 | Issue:19|Papers Count:9

introduction: This study was aimed to determine the personality dimensions which can influence the relapse of opioid substance dependents that are under methadone maintenance treatment. Method: In this prospective study 210 addicts who were referred to methadone clinics in 1389 were selected through judgmental sampling. All participants completed the self-made questionnaire and Temperament and Character Inventory and it was followed for 6 months. Data were analyzed by t test.Findings: Data analysis revealed that relapsed group has higher scores in novelty seeking and harm avoidance compared to non-relapsed group. Also, their scores in self directiveness and cooperativeness were lower than non-relapsed group. No significant differences were found in reward dependence and persistence.Conclusion: This personality profile due to dimensional personality model of Cloninger showed that patients who relapse are high in novelty seeking and harm avoidance and low in cooperativeness and self directiveness. has important information about nature of personality traits that effect relapse of addiction and has implications for treatment plan and relapse prevention.

Introduction: The present study sought to compare emotional intelligence and quality of life in addicted and non-addicted men.Method: The samples included 80 addicted and 80 non-addicted men who addicted men were selected by available sampling and non-addicted men were chosen by cloning methods according to age and marital status. For data collection, emotional intelligence scale and quality of life questionnaire were used. Variance test and Pearson correlation were used for data analysis.Findings: The results showed that there is a significant difference between emotional intelligence and quality of life of addicted and non-addicted men.In fact, the emotional intelligence and quality of life among addicted men were lower than non-addicted men. Also the results showed that there is a significant correlation between emotional intelligence and quality of life among addicts and non addicts.Conclusion: People with low emotional intelligence are more likely to do substance abuse and drug abuse lowers the quality of life of the people. It is likely to develop emotional intelligence of people in order to prevent them from getting addicted.

introduction: The goal of this study was to compare the personality characteristics and problem solving styles of addicted and non-addicted men.Method: This study is a causal comparative design survey. In this study 180 addicted men was selected through convenience sampling method from addicted men that refered to addiction treatment centers of Rasht city and matched in gender, age, education and job with 180 non addicted men and then two groups compared with each other. All participants completed the NEO-FFI-R and problem solving styles questionnaires.The gathered data were analyzed through SPSS software.Findings: The results showed that an addicted man in comparison with non-addicted men was upper in neuroticism and lower in agreeableness, extraversion and consciousness dimensions.Also there was no difference in openness dimension between two groups.Conclusion: The finding of present study suggests that educating efficient problem solving styles to people to cope with life stressful events could restrain and prevent addiction and other psychosocial disorders.

Introduction: the purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence of narcotic drugs use among female students field of physical education and non-physical education of Guilan University.Method: For doing this study, narcotic drugs use questionnaire was used. Questionnaires distributed among 240 subjects in two groups of female physical education students (n=100) and female non-physical education students (n=140) randomly.Findings: The results indicated that the rate of narcotic drugs use among female students of physical education and non-physical education was not significantly different. With regard to this point that some nonphysical education students who had a reasonable level of physical activity, retest were again done between active and sedentary students and the results showed that smoking and alcohol use between active and sedentary students were significantly different.Conclusion: According to results, exercise at universities especially in population of female students may prevent the growing trend of narcotic drugs use in this stratum of society.

Introduction: The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of therapeutic community on the increasing hope level of the addicted clients of these centres.Method: This study is a semi experimental and was implemented in three stages of pre-test, post-test and follow-up: before offering the treatment program, after treatment and two months after treatment. Statistical society included all clients of the therapeutic centre in Isfahan during 1386. All 30 clients were asked to fill in the Snyder's adult hope scale questionnaire. Data were analyzed by the SPSS software and statistical methodology of variance analysis with repeated measurements.Findings: The results indicate that therapeutic community is effective on level of general hope scale of the clients. The results of the comparisons increased the therapeutic effectiveness on level of general hope scale of clients and show its effect on follow-up stage. Regarding the factor, therapeutic community has not had an increase and the follow-up stage has not been continuous during one month.Conclusion: Regarding the findings of this study, it is concluded that therapeutic community has been effective in increasing the hope level in general scale and can be used as a prevention factor.

Introduction: Intra-hippocampal CA1 injections of L-arginine, a nitric oxide precursor and NG-Nitro-L-arginine Methyl Ester (L-NAME), a nitric oxide synthase inhibitor, on morphine-induced antinociception in rat formalin test were investigated.Method: To induce inflammation pain, male Wistar rats received subcutaneous (s.c.) injections of formalin (50ml at 2.5%) once prior to testing.Morphine (3-9 mg/kg) was injected intraperituneally (i.p.) 10 min before injection of formalin. Present study show that pre-administration (5 min) of L-arginine (0.15, 0.3, 1.0 and 3.0 mg/rat), but not L-NAME (0.15, 0.3 and 1.0 mg/rat) to the administration of formalin, during testing at the early phase reversed morphine induced response. But at the late phase both agents' injections caused a significant effect. The response to L-arginine was blocked by L-NAME pre-administration. On the other hand, L-arginine or L-NAME by itself did induce pain behavior at the late phase. According to data interactions between morphine and L-arginine was statistically significant.Conclusion: Based on the finding, NO in the rat hippocampal CA1 area is involved in morphine-induced antinociception.

Introduction: Previous studies shows L-arginin (nitric oxide precursor) increases conditioned place preference and drug seeking behaviors whereas LG-nitro-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) as nitric oxide synthase inhibitor decreases this process. In this project, effects of intra-central amygdale bilateral injection of nitric oxide agents on drug-seeking behaviors including rearing, sniffing and compartment entrance were investigated.Method: animals were wistar male rats (200-250 g) which allowed to be recovered after they’re being suffered from a surgery by strereotaxis apparatus to be cannulated in coordination of central amygdale nucleus (CeA). CPP was conducted using a five-day schedule of unbiased procedure.Findings: morphine (2.5-10 mg/kg s.c) induced significant drug-seeking behaviors. Naloxone (0.1-0.4 mg/kg i.p) injection pretesting (after conditioning by morphine 7.5 mg/kg) decreased the expression of behaviors. When L-arginine (0.3-3 mgr/rat) injected intra-CeA prior to naloxone (0.4 mg/kg), increased behaviors but L-NAME (0.3-3mgr/rat) intra-CeA injections prior to L-arginine (0.3 mgr/rat) pretesting, caused significant decreasement of L-arginine response.Conclusion: NO in the CeA may play an important role in the drug seeking behaviors induced of morphine.