Jundishapur Scientific Medical Journal
Year:2012 | Volume:11 | Issue:2 (77)|Papers Count:17

Background & Objective: To determine the prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus in pregnant women in Ahvaz Subjects and Methods: In this study, 678 pregnant women who had referred to two gynecologic and obstetrics clinics were evaluated. Screening was performed with 50 gram oral glucose challenge test (GCT) with 140 mg/dl cut-off point, and then a diagnostic 100g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was done according to Carpenter and Coustan criteria.Results: The prevalence of GDM and impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) were 7.4% and 4.3%, respectively. The mean age of patients with GDM (30.32±5.27 years) was obviously higher than that for healthy women (26.25±4.94 years) (p<0.001).The average number of pregnancies of patients with GDM (2.4±1.1) was obviously higher than that for healthy women (1.9±1.1) (p<0.003). There was a significant difference between the number of previous abortion in women with GDM (30%) and healthy women (13.85%) (p=0.002). The occurrence of previous GDM in women with GDM (10%) was significantly higher than healthy women (33%) (p=0.0001). The frequency of previous macrosomia in women with GDM (6%) and in women with IGT (10.34%) were significantly higher than healthy women (0.5%) (p=0.003 and p<0.001, respectively).There was no relationship between the prevalence of GDM and IGT with previous congenital abnormalities, previous still birth and number of parities. There was no relationship between the prevalence of IGT and the fallowing variables: the maternal age, number of pregnancies, previous abortion and previous GDM with prevalence of IGT.Conclusion: GDM has high prevalence in Ahvaz and screening is recommended for all pregnant women.

Background and Objective: In spite of the prevalence of ankle sprain, little objective data exist regarding the effect of sensory and motion restriction properties of external ankle supports on ankle sensory motor processes of ankle sprained patients.Subjects and Methods: In the present study, the effects of elastic bandage and rigid brace which had no sensory influence were evaluated for 28 patients. Ankle complex motor performance was measured using the Biodex Balance System.Results: Results showed that rigid brace had no effects on stability indices but the use of elastic bandage improved motor performance of ankle complex as evidenced by the decrease in overall (P=0.004) and AP (P=0.010) stability indices.Conclusion: In patients with functional ankle instability external supports used improved ankle sensory motor functions possibly because of elevated sensory inputs.

Background & Objective: Falls in the elderly are common and are associated with appreciable morbidity and mortality.Hyper kyphosis is a risk factor for balance impairment and postural instability. Increased forward curvature of the spine displaces the center of mass anteriorly out of the limits of stability, and thus increases the likelihood of loss of balance and predisposes persons to fall. The orthoses are an option for decreasing the risk of falling in elderly population, however, the quantitative evidence to support their application is not convincing. The purpose of this study is to analyze the effects of posture training support orthosis on static balance of elderly people with spinal hyper kyphosis.Subjects and Methods: Eighteen elderly people with the mean age of 65.96±4.4 who had thoracic kyphosis of≥50 (cobb angle) were enrolled in the study. Subjects were randomly allocated into either posture training support (PTS) orthosis or control group. Patients were randomly subjected to computerized dynamic post urography, which contained sensory organization tests and limits of stability.The tests for each person was conducted in two conditions: while wearing and without wearing the orthosis, and the order of testing for each patient was randomized.Results: Wearing PTS orthosis significantly increased balance score (p<0.0001), directional control (p<0.023) and reaction time (p<0.045). In addition, significant difference in balance score (p<0.0001) and directional control (p<0.041) was observed between two groups (PTS orthosis and control group).Conclusion: The PTS orthosis improves balance in elderly people with spinal hyper kyphosis. Improved balance could reduce the risk of falls and direct and indirect costs of falls and related fractures.

Background and Objective: Growth hormone not only effects the stimulation, division and growth of cells throughout the body during growth period but also leads to a decrease in the use of the carbohydrates and transfer of Lipids as sources of energy. The aim of this study was to compare the effect of a one-session average intensity resistance training on the growth hormone secretion in active and inactive women Subjects and Methods: The demographic questionnaire completed by 100 female students, twenty, were randomly divided in two active and inactive groups. First, one repetition maximum participants in one-session resistance training were determined and then all participants engaged in protocol training with intensities of 50, 60 and 70 % 1RMP. Blood samples were taken immediately before and after the training. Statistical measures of Pair t-test and Independent t- test and Analysis of Co-variance (ANCOVA) were used for data analysis.Results: resistance training decreases the secretion of growth hormone after training in active women while it increased the secretion of growth hormone after training in inactive women.However, this difference in growth hormone levels in both groups was not significant before and after training. (P<0/05).Conclusion: one-session average- intensity resistance training had no significant effect on either increasing or decreasing growth hormone. Therefore, to take advantage of the benefits of growth hormone, active and inactive persons should know that resistance training with moderate- intensity is not desirable for optimal secretion of growth hormone.

Background & Objective: There is evidence that focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) has become an important cause of adult primary nephrotic syndrome (PNS) in the USA and many other countries and the aim of this study was to evaluate this issue in the province of Khuzestan, Iran.Subjects and Methods: In a cross sectional and prospective study from January 1998 to September 2012, all the patients with PNS who referred to Imam Khomeini hospital of Ahwaz, Iran were evaluated. Renal biopsy was done by nephrologists and the biopsy samples were analyzed by light microscopy.Results: 148 patients (53 male and 39 female, mean age 51±33 years) were included. Mean serum creatinine and a median rate of urinary protein excretion were 1.39mg/dl and 6450mg/day respectively. The most common histological finding was focal and segmental glomerular sclerosis (FSGS) 49 patients, 33.10%, followed by membranous glomerulonephritis (MGN) 42 patients, 28.37%, minimal change disease (MCD) 18 patients, 12.16%, membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis (MPGN) 13 patients, 8.78%, IgA nephropathy 10 patients, 6.75%, focal and segmental glomerulonephritis (FSGN) 6 patients, 4.05%, mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis 5 patients, 3.37% and diffuse proliferative glomerulonephritis 5 patients 3.37%.Conclusion: Consistent with several other countries, FSGS is the most common cause of adult primary nephrotic syndrome in Khuzestan province, Iran.

Background and Objective: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is one of the most important risk factors of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) and Ischemic heart disease. The aim of this study was to survey the prevalence of MetS among in T2DM patients and to compare the value of its predicting factors according to ATP III and IDF criteria.Subjects and Methods: In this was a cross-sectional study on 350 adult T2DM patients selected with simple random sampling from Ahvaz Diabetic Research Center Clinic in 2010, were selected by simple random sampling. Data were collected by a questionnaire and measurement of HDL, cholesterol, triglyceride and detection of mirco albuminuria. The data were analyzed by independent t-test, chi-score, and multivariate logistic regression with SPSS 18.Results: Prevalence of MetS according to ATP III and IDF criteria was 73.1% and 64.9% respectively k=0.675). With regard to both criteria, the peak prevalence of MetS was in the age group 50-59 year. HDL cholesterol had higher prevalence and odds ratio than other factors. Female gender, physical activity, micro albuminuria, triglyceride and HDL cholesterol had higher value of prediction for MetS than others.Conclusion: Prevalence of MetS in T2DM is high and female gender, physical activity, micro albuminuria, triglyceride and HDL were the predicting factors of MetS.

Background & Objective: Children with hearing loss have too many problems in society. Nowadays cochlear implant surgery and rehabilitation are used for deaf children and they can develop their language and social skills by this way. Therefore the purpose of this study is to make a quantitative comparison of parameters of social development between children with cochlear implants and normal hearing children.Subjects and Methods: Data were obtained from 30 children with cochlear implant and 30 normal children. In order to gather the data we used the wine lend test after that we performed statistical analysis on them.Results: We saw no significant difference in social development of normal and cochlear implanted children. However, the child' s age when this operation is performed has an important factor in development.Conclusion: Cochlear implant is useful for speech and language development. Moreover it is important in social development and decline of anxiety in children and their parents.

Background and Objective: Nutrition and dietary patterns have been shown to have direct impact on health of the population and of selected patient groups. The antioxidant nutrition play an important role in protection against degenerative disease. The fruits of the date palm (Phoenix dactylifera) are consumed throughout the world and are an important part of the diet in Iran. The hydroxyl radical is known to cause significant damage to cellular DNA, proteins and cell wall, leading to cell death and polyphenols showed strong scavenging activity on hydroxyl radicals.Subjects and Methods: Methanol and aqueous extracts were prepared from fruits of phoenix dactilyfera by maceration method.deoxyribose method were used to evaluated hydroxyl radical scavenging capacity of herbal extract. Total phenolic content was determined by the Folin–Ciocalteu method. The flavonoids and proanthocyanidins were determined by UV spectrophotometry methods.Results: The total phenolic, flavonoids and proanthocyanidins content of methanolic and aqueous extracts were 3.77 and 17.42 mg tannic acid equivalents per g dry extract, 0.20 and 0.26 mg rutin equivalents per g dry extract and 0.12, 0.11 mg Cyanidin chloride per g dry extract, respectively. The IC50 value for methanol and aqueous extract in deoxyribose method were determined 0.76 and 0.99 mg/ml.Conclusion: Methanol and aqueous extracts exhibited hydroxyl radical scavenging activity. However, methanol extracts showed better results, but total phenolic content of aqueous extract was greater. The two extracts showed almost no differences in flavonoids and proanthocyanidins contents.

Background and Objective: Primary dysmenorrhea is a common medical disorder in young women. The non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are considered to be the common agents to treat it. Regarding the anti-inflammatory effects of sesame, the present study was conducted to evaluate the effect of sesame butter-supplemented breakfast in comparison to common breakfast on the severity of primary dysmenorrhea in the students of Ahvaz University of Medical Science.Subjects and Methods: In this clinical trial, 60 female single students (18-25 years old) with dysmenorrhea were randomly divided into case and control groups. Subjects in the case group were treated with sesame butter-supplemented breakfast from 2 days before menses to 3 days after it, for 2 consecutive months.In the control group, the subjects were asked to eat common breakfast. Menstrual, anthropometric and dietary parameters were assessed and analyzed statistically.Results: At the baseline, there were no significant differences in menstrual characteristics, anthropometric indices and dietary intake data between the two groups. Eating sesame supplemented breakfast for 5 days in two consecutive menses reduced the severity of primary dysmenorrhea significantly (p<0.05).Conclusion: It seems that sesame butter could be effective in alleviating of the severity of dysmenorrhea. However, measurement of serum and tissue levels of prostaglandins and inflammatory factors is suggested to clarify its possible mechanisms.

Background & Objective: sickle cell anemia, a chronic disease, which has many complication affects patient's. This quality of life's. Therefor, they need caring to maintain their life. The goal of this study was investigating the effect of self care plan on the quality of life's sickle cell anemia.Subjects and Methods: This study was a clinical trial research carried out on 70 sickle cell anemics and allocated in two groups randomly. The instruments of data collection were demographic, assessment educational needs and SF-36 quality of life questionnaire. One educational session of self care (60 minute) was implemented for the experimental group. The patients' quality of life was measured in two times (before and three months past intervention).Results: T-test showed that the total scores of quality of life’s two groups have not significant difference before intervention (p=0.58), but the difference was significant between two groups in after intervention (p<0.001). PAIR T-TEST showed that the total scores of patients' quality of life in before and after intervention have significant difference in the control group and the quality of life has decreased in this group (p=0.019), but this difference was not significant in experimental group and quality of life has remained in this group (p=0.91).Conclusion: Reduced quality of life of control group and stable quality of life of experimental group indicate that the self care program improve the quality of life of these patients. Designing program based on patient educational needs, capabilities and cooperation can have a positive influence on the patients' quality of life of patient make to achieve results positive.

Background and Objective: Femoral neck fracture (FNF) is one of the most common fractures in elderly patients. There are a variety of treatment for this fracture the aim of this study was to evaluate the Results of FNF with Austin more prosthesis.Subjects and Methods: This Retrospective - prospective study was performed from 2005 to 2010 and 126 patients (73 femel, 53 male) with a mean age of 78 years range (44-100y) were operated in two hospitals (Emam khomeini and Razi).A.M prosthesis was used in all patients and the mean follow-up-time was 4 years (1-6y) Results: The mortality rate during the first 1-2 years was 27.7% (35 patiants) Forty five patients (35.7%) had hip pain, and.13 patients (10.3%) sustained infection. Periprostetic fracture were occurred in 2 (1.5%) Cases of dislocation and lossening in 4 (3.17%) patients.Conclusion: Treatment of femoral neck fracture in elderly patients was associated with a considerable rate of complications and mortality. Chronic pain was the most common complication.Moore prosthesis is a cheap device, and in spite of its complications, it is still used Despite of its complication’ it still use for elderly patients with femoral neck fractures who have a minimum daily activity.

Background & Objective: Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women and is the second reason of women's death due to cancer. The prevalence of depression is considerable in these patients. Social support is one of the important factors affecting the life quality in these patients.The aim of this study is to evaluate the relationship between depression and social support in patients with breast cancer.Subjects and Methods: In this study, the sample was 50 patients with breast cancer that were referred to educational hospitals in Ahvaz. The relationship between variables were analyzed for these patients. We used Beck questionnaire for measuring depression and Philips questionnaire for measuring social support. Data were analyzed with SPSS17 statistic software.Results: The mean age was 45.04 years.14% of patients were single and 86% were married. Mean score for depression was 19.58 and mean score for social support was 14.92. There was a reverse relationship between age and educational state. In addition, the results showed that in patients with a higher educational state, the social support score was significantly higher. In this study, a significant reverse relationship was seen between depression and social support.Conclusion: The results of this study emphasize the importance of social support in prevention and reduction of depression in patients. Moreover, it shows education as an affecting factor on reducing the depression in these patients.