JOURNAL OF THE IRANIAN ASSOCIATION OF ARABIC LANGUAGE AND LITERATURE
Year:2009 | Volume:4 | Issue:10|Papers Count:9

The way to enter the atmosphere of poetry is the vocabulary used by that poet because the aspects and the objectives of the poet will be realized by means of the vocabulary. Vocabulary in poetry is a means of transferring thought and its interpretation without taking into account the poets feelings and status. Knowing poetry means knowing the vocabulary used in his poems and vocabulary diversity is one of the characteristics of poetic style. The comparison of the vocabulary diversity of several poets can provide answers accompanied by statistic investigation to the following question:Which poet possesses technical vocabulary? How has the poet used the vocabulary diversity feature while composing the poem?The present study follows a theoretical investigation of one of the methods used in comparing vocabulary diversity as well as a practical research on samples of Arabic poetry of Dibil AI-Khuzai, AI-Sharif Al-Radi And Mahyar Al-Deylami.

This paper attempts to define Slavic School as one of the three famous schools in the world comparative literature. First, we survey its emergence, development, and organization. Then, we examine and analyze its significance and its interaction with other countries' literature in general, and more specifically with eastern countries literature. And finally, we explore how this school could be used in reducing the Euro-American self-oriented bias in the field of comparative literature.

Undoubtedly, passions and emotions are the most significant and sensible bases of poetry. Being affected by the surroundings, it affects the reader. There are some poems that have emotions plentifully hence; these can be called conscience poems. Conscience has some meanings verbally such as: rage, loving, ailment and happiness and some correctively such as pleasure, ailment etc. that is suddenly perceived by a person. Conscience Poem is one that has abundant of emotions and without any overstatement, reflects what is felt by a person in a transparent manner, feelings such as egocentricism. Sharif Radhi is considered as one of bases of Conscience. One of the most important characteristics of his poem is:1) Egocentricism; 2) Transparency and frankness Elements that have conscience smell and appearance and also such beautiful spiritual cover are: 1) ailment and enviousness 2) grief and sorrow 3) eagerness 4) love and 5) happiness.

Text meaning understanding has been one of the permanent concerns of human beings. From the beginning of the revelation of Quran, Muslims have paid much attention to this issue.With the expansion of discussion on hermeneutics, some issues came across to the semantics and text understanding that caused major challenges to the scientific circles.Issue such as meaning, definition of meaning, the readers' role, register position, the importance of language system in the process of text understanding and meaning types, are some of the subjects which Muslim men of letters and critics studied prior to the western one.This article is going to study some of these theories in rhetoric and syntax fields.

Human learning is essentially a process in which, error is inevitable and learning a foreign language as a skill is not excluded from this general rule. It is also similar to the first language learning, which is based on trial and error. Some factors affect the error among which, the interference at mother tongue with the target one is the most prominent. Thus, through descriptive analysis, this study examines the effect of negative interference at Persian language on Arabic learner's writing. Participants of this study include 65 students who are in their 7th semester at the universities of Isfahan and Kashan. As an instrument, this study uses a test at writing about the uses of traveling simultaneously at the two universities. Sampling procedure is simple randomizing which finally select 37 students from the University of Isfahan and 28 from the University Kashan. The most outstanding finding at this research shows that the Persian language interference is the most important source at the participants' errors in writing and word -for-word translation is one of its reasons. In another word, thinking in Persian and writing in Arabic intensifies the above interference.

At the beginning, this essay deals about the life of Ebnezarigh, hence; the idea and opinion of historians and biographers are mentioned regarding his life. Since all the researchers knew him as a "Baghdadi" poet, they regarded the city of Karkh as his birth place. He lived during the third period of Abbasi dynasty and his reputation is for his "Eynieh" ode which is popular as Fraghieh (hejran). There are some stories behind the composition of those poems which are similar to myth. It is said that he left his wife because of poverty and went to Spain (Andolos) court in order to gain wealth. It is also said that this separation was the reason of composing this ode. This ode in spite of its short length, (41 couplets) is attended by past and contemporary poets who have tried to analyze it. Among the contemporary poets is "Abdollatif Aghl" (A Palestinian poet) who has been influenced by this ode and has composed on ode about it himself.

Ahmad Matar is one of the combat poets who born in 1950 in the Iraqi city of Basra. He has highlighted Arab world's sufferings using the best Satire method. He struggled with oppressors without any common weapon but the effete of his poetry is more important than any weapon. His purpose isn't making people laugh, but his purposes are simply the preservation of Islamic excellent values, ridiculing ignorance and ugly traditions and adjustment of excess progress and emphasize upon adjusted behavior. In fact, his satire is one of the ways of tolerance and stability. This paper analyzes satiristism methods in his poetries. Those methods are: Contrast or opposition- use of animal language- self- mocking- use of simile notation of person's title by attributes and vice - versa- use of Quranic verses structure in Satire meanings- exaggeration in mocking- ostentation to ignorance comparison by exploiting Quranic personalities - use of ancient poetries at satire cast- creation exhibition pictures.

Seventh of over all eight chapters on rhetoric deals, particularly, about the disjunction and conjunction aspects. This is considered as one of the most valuable and expanded sections on rhetoric that was constructed by Arabic and Persian rhetoricians by using various instances and then; they applied them to make their eloquences beautiful and interactive. Disjunction is the one that is not used as suffix and connecting agent between two or more words or sentences incase, if there would have been natural or personal connections between words and sentences hence; we would not need to bring conjunction agents there.On the other hand, conjunction is the one that is used between two or more words or sentences incase if there doesn't exist natural or personal connections between words and sentences in a way that if connecting agent is not applied, there might occur inexpressiveness and disorder in the eloquence. The current paper aims to highlight the above two categories by using comparative methods as well as citing examples from the Persian and Arabic verses and prose.