Wisdom and Philosophy
Year:2015 | Volume:11 | Issue:2 (42)|Papers Count:3

The concept of Disinterestedness is one of the fundamental concepts in aesthetic experience which comes to mind in the name of Kant. Kant examined it at the first moment of his First Critique. Indeed, disinterested experience or in other words, Disinterestedness is a unique character of aesthetic experience that makes it distinct from other experiences. Reviewing the thoughts of philosophers before Kant, it can be seen that this concept was even raised before Kant, but it has received little attention, then. In this regard, the following article is based on verifying the issue that how exactly the concept of Disinterestedness is, and in what context it is discussed based on the thoughts of philosophers before Kant and what changes it have been undergone.

Correct reading of Sadra wisdom coordinates and its epistemic determination can play an important role in understanding and interpretation of issues of transcendental philosophy. Regardless of eclectic look to the philosophy of Mullah Sadra and doubt about it as an independent school of thought, theories exist that speak of epistemic determination of philosophy of Mullah Sadra. This article firstly offers Sadra wisdom coordinates and in it, philosophy as a discipline and discipline with geometric identity and nature of the network, including the approach, principles, methods and goals of not only a series of issues. In the next step, two reductionist views of Mulla Sadra's philosophy is studied and criticized; At first glance, the considered philosophy as the Theology, his philosophy is reduced a set of textual evidence to prove or set of ideas has proven with the help of philosophical arguments by theological Approach. And at second glance, the argument arises only in the judgment of the philosophy of Sadra. And at the end of Sadra's philosophy as a new paradigm and a variety of methods and resources beyond the limits of Theology and theological approach and the exclusive current of argument includes the analysis, argument, intuition argument and intuition.

According to the common sense, literature as a collection of literary works is considered as a conventional concept. However, in this regard, we face some questions like what distinguishes a literary text from a non-literary one? how is it possible for a heterogeneous collection of text to be included under the category of literature? what does the literariness of a text depend on? and how can we analyze the literariness? Such questions indicate that studying literature faces many challenges. In addition, lack of a well-structured approach to literature and its contents and concepts have resulted in a situation where scientific study and exegesis of literary works are not but a weak collection of research studies with instable criteria that do not facilitate the study of literature properly and fruitfully. Regarding the questions and the necessity mentioned, in the present paper, presenting a definition of literature, we intend to come up with the fundamental elements of literariness. Afterward, these elements shall be investigated and the manifestation of them in literary works shall be identified. In doing so, our approach to literary elements shall be aesthetical and they shall be studied from Aesthetical Experience Theory point of view. Finally, we shall deal with the outlets of the manifestation of these elements in literary texts in order to identify the organization governing such a phenomenon. The main intention of this study is exploring the recurring structure of the motifs in literary texts on the basis of a homogenous theoretical approach to literature.