ISLAMIC REVOLUTION STUDIES
Year:2016 | Volume:13 | Issue:44|Papers Count:11

Iran’s nuclear dispute with west and its various dimensions have turned to be the most fundamental political topic of the Islamic Republic of Iran during recent years and it has affected Iranian national interests in different aspects. In this regard, the way the US, as an international hegemonic system, has approached this problem is of great importance. Accordingly, simultaneous to commence of proposing Iran’s nuclear case in international communities, creation of crisis was put on the agenda by the US government. Investigating why and how this crisis is crated is the main question of this paper. To provide an answer for this question, while the most strategic economic and political interest of the US from Iran nuclear crisis in the Western Asia is investigated, we also have scrutinized the fundamental role of the American media in creating and then continuing the Iranian nuclear dispute.

Textbooks are the most important tools of educational system to create revolutionary identity in the students’ mind. To curriculum planners, the textbooks on “History” are considered as one of the significant tools to achieve this goal. The main point of the study has been answering the question that how much the revolutionary identity factors have been considered in the history textbooks in the fields of Basic Sciences in high schools from 1978 to 2009. For this purpose, 9 textbook titles were selected and analyzed. The results indicated that the factors and concepts related to Revolutionary identity were highly taken into account in the understudy textbooks.

Main hypothesis of the paper has been considered as: during the last two decades before Islamic Revolution, religious current overcame other groups by spreading Shi`ite political culture. The method of the study has been documentary and based on valid sources. It has been concluded that Shi`ite political culture with regard to its comprehensive ideas prepared a suitable situation for various attitudes in the field and led to three attitudes of seclusion, conciliation and protest among Shi`ites. In the essence of Shi`ite culture, however, opposing cruel governments has always overcome other elements and during the two decades relying on religious scholars, leadership of Imam Khomeini, ideological and comprehensive interconnection as well as weakness and disability of competitors overcame other currents and leading the nation`s struggles against Pahlavi kingdom give birth to the most important Islamic contemporary movement.

An overview gives us a three-layered discussion about the ratio of parties and consistency of the political approaches and attitudes in Iran including the approach of upstream documents and laws, the approach of political activists, and the scientific approach. From a hypothetical perspective, the result of reflection of such ratio has led to formation of different attitudes. Related to the findings of the study, by recognizing the approaches in three levels and reviewing the related literature, along with formulation of conceptual framework, through an analytic perspective, the paper shows that there is a significant correlation between the ratio of parties and political inconsistency. Also, the paper reveals that how much theoretical relation exists between the related literature and political consistency and inconsistency indices of David Sanders. Accordingly, two hypotheses are proposed stating that the parties having competency and essential qualifications will promote security and consistency while due to anomalies caused by specific political actions of the parties and civil institutes will be threat to security and consistency.

The victory of the Islamic Revolution in Iran has been the ground work of great developments among the Muslims around the world from which many political systems such as Iraq have received impacts. Applying the distribution theory, the paper is an attempt to answer this question that what effects the Islamic Revolution of Iran has had on Iraq and how much and in what form the distribution process of the Islamic Revolution was on this country. The results of the study indicate that the Islamic Revolution of Iran has had a significant influence on Iraq especially on its Shiites and the factors such as Shiites Self-awareness, the revival of religious identity, attempt to gain the Shiites’ political rights, improvement of political conditions, etc. are among the effects of the Islamic republic on Iraq.

Trans boundary Development” is among the features of great revolutions that is considered as a guarantee of being universal by their revolutionists. This feature of revolution has been conceptualized under the title of “Export of Revolution” in the political sociology literature which is also in company with expressions such as “reflection of revolution”, “dissemination of revolution” and “effect of revolution”. A comprehensive pattern from various works published in different languages in this field cannot be realized to describe and explain “the distribution of the revolutions”; therefore, through an etymology perspective on the lexicon of this field, the authors are in search of proposing a pattern to understand the transboubdary developments of revolutions. This paper has been organized by revolving around the question that what model of development and dissemination of revolutions can be designed so that in addition to having clear preliminaries, processes, components and types of disseminations, a frameworks for correspondence of revolutions can be provided.

The legitimacy of political systems has been one of the most fundamental and disputed subjects of political philosophy among the experts. Adopting an analytic-documentary method, the paper is an illustration on legitimacy of theocracy in the “monotheistic thought” of Imam Khomeini who establishes his epistemic geometry and practical and scientific tradition by receiving inspiration form the principle of monotheism and in accordance with the verses of the holy Quran, and for him, the rights of legislating and ruling are exclusively possessed by the almighty God so that no one can rule the people without referring to permit and command of God and all political systems lacking this support will be considered to be tyrant and illegitimate; though, from this perspective, the opportunity of exerting power for every legitimate governing system is realized only through selection and will of people.

Developments and events during recent years in western Asia and northern Africa have been associated with a wide range of sometimes contradictory consequences through which the future of the western Asia has undergone profound political and security turbulences. Meanwhile, the extensive and violent activities of the Salafi Jihadist movements have brought about a type of anarchy and chaos in the region. Naturally, the anti-security action of these movements can encounter the general security of the Islamic Republic of Iran –which is the gateway to Arabic language countries of West Asia− with serious challenges. In a general overview, problems such as reducing political discourse of the “oppressive-imperialistic” combat of the Islamic Republic to Shiite-Sunni inter-religious quarreling, possible geographical severance of the axis called resistance, geographical disintegration of the countries of this region based on linguistic, racial, and religious foundations, the risk of propagation of extremism and religious quarreling in the region, weakening or even collapsing both regional allies of Iran i.e. Iraq and Syria, physical nearness of Jihadists to Iran’s geographical territories and finally direct threats against Iran’s economic purposes in West Asia are among the most important risks and challenges facing general security of the Islamic Republic arising from Jihadist Salafism mobility in the Western Asia.

Superiority, excellence and enjoyment from sciences in Islamic theology have been considered as right and duty of the Muslims. According to the statement of the supreme leader of the republic, the main purpose of Iran’s scientific movement is changing this country to a scientific and technological authority around the world. Applying a descriptive-survey research with a mixed method of library and field studies, this study is an attempt to investigate the relation between power, scientific authority and technology in the world with providing national security. According to testing the statistical hypothesis which was taken from the questionnaire data, it was concluded that achievement of the Islamic Republic of Iran to scientific power and scientific and technological authority in the world, as it is explained in this paper, is effective in providing national security.

In order to investigate the ways of lobbying of countries to reach their specific purposes within the domain of foreign policy, it is necessary to take different dimensions into account. In addition to hardware actions, the software ones such as psychological influence on a society and guidance of its public opinions through appealing to media and propaganda can seriously increase the influence of some countries in other countries’ affairs. Along with adopting different hardware strategies for maintaining the security of its allies especially the Zionist Regime in the Western Asia, the US applies soft effective methods including psychological propaganda as a tool with a high penetration rate. Within the present paper, two “Shiite Phobia” and “Iranophobia” phenomena are investigated which are used as two soft methods of power used by the US to maintain the interests of the Zionist Regime.