JOURNAL OF GEOTECHNICAL GEOLOGY (APPLIED GEOLOGY)
Year:2010 | Volume:6 | Issue:1|Papers Count:9

There are about 152 stone sawing factory units in the Neyriz area, all sawing Neyriz marble stones. Each unit produces daily approximately 10 tons of stone powder (calcium carbonate) waste. In this research, calcium carbonate powder waste) as a filler) with other in Iran produced raw materials have been used for the manufacturing of rubber. XRF (X-Ray Fluorescence) method is used for the chemical analysis of powder waste, while PSA (Particle Size Analyzer) device, and DLS (Dynamic Light Scattering) method helped sizing recognition of the materials. Suitable formulations were considered according to the chemical composition of raw materials. Then, raw materials were mixed and uniaxially pressed, rubber samples fired at different temperatures, and the most important physical and mechanical properties such as hardness, tensile strength, elongation at rupture and 300% modulus measured. The results showed that the properties of the rubber samples made of the waste calcium carbonate powders and the rubber made in the Dena Tire Manufacturing Company are almost similar. Therefore, this powder waste with average sizing 0.533 to 1.925mm, the average of surface area and longitude equivalent diameter, respectively 0.668­ mm and 1.424mm, mean purity of 98.8%, moisture of 0.14% and correlation with calcium carbonate standard in rubber industry, can be easily used as a cheap and proper filler in the manufacturing of rubber and rubbery products.

In the initial phase of the study, testing procedure of soil was considered necessary. And the testing process on the soil of 14 samples from the area which has gully erosion, as well as from the area, which has no gully erosion (with and without plant coverage) was carried out. The achieved results were very interesting. The EC, OM, SAR, ESP and pH and T.N.V. tests were carried out on the soil. According to the test, the soil of the majority of the area is silty loam. Silt is considered as the most sensitive soil, reacting to the erosion. The process of changes of pH, SP and T.N.V. was small. The obtained results from the changes in the tests of SAR, ESP and EC, more or less in the whole area of study, were the same. The scale of salt contaminations, existing in the soil of the wall of the gully, comparatively to the floor of the moat and surface of the land is higher. The quantity of sodium of the soil is high. Therefore, the quantity of SAR and ESP of the soil is high However, the quantity of salts in the area which has no gully erosion and with plant coverage is considerably less than in the erosion area and other non-erosion area without plant coverage. Still this erosion is high in this area and whenever the plant coverage of the locality die dies, the danger of erosion will start. The quantity of OM in the soil is approximately in low quantity. This can be considered one of the effective factors in erosion and its development. With the above mentioned tests, it can be concluded that soil is one of the effective factors in erosion in Dashtyari area.

The Shemshak Formation with the age of the Jurassic is a thick clastic unit which was deposited in Alborz Zone. This article is going to research facies and sedimentary environment of this formation in eastern Alborz-Tazareh (1028 /Lias) lower Jurassic. Researches in this Zone have revealed the sequences and repetition of thick layers of sand stone – shale – shaly sand – coaly shale – silt – coaly sand- and coal. From a microscopic point of view 50 samples have been taken from this area, which resulted in the determination of six groups of facies and subfacies in 2 environments, namely river meandering and deltaic environments. Also, vertical change of micro facies and related diagrams show the existence of 18 progressive and 19 regressive cycles by effect of atuocycliy in the region. So the sedimentary environment of the Shemshak Formation is a step by step progressive area to the sea.

While the outcrop of crystalline basement rocks of the Gorgan Spur (GS), a single anticline located southeast of the Caspian Sea with an axis trending ENE and sloping WSW, is a clear indication of compression and uplifting, the GPS measurements of the Gorgan train station, located to the southeast of the Gorgan Embayment, show subsiding. The recent GPS measurements of some locations of the Iranian side of the Caspian Sea confirm the anti-clockwise rotation of the eastern part of the Caspian Sea, whereas the South Caspian Block (SCB) has a clockwise rotation. This paper also confirms that there is no real oceanic crust in the SCB, but that the continental crust has subsided and has got the physical character of oceanic crust due to enormous pressure of more than 20 km sediments. The SCB is the deepest part of the Caspian Sea, is located in its southwestern part and is subsiding from the Cretaceous onwards.

Regarding factors such as stratigraphy, lithology, tectonics and topological gravity of drainage patterns, 80 stream sediment samples have been taken from streams. Samples were analyzed using ICP-MS and AA analytical methods. For eight elements Au, Ag, Cu, Pb, Zn, As, Sb and Hg factors such as error, frequency distribution, amount of sensored, background, threshold, anomaly, mean, mode, standard deviation, kurtosis, and skewness, were calculated individually. Among these elements, Sb with an average value of 10 ppm has been considered as anomaly regarding the spatial situation of the anomaly; it was determined to be in the central part of the studied area. In addition, strong positive correlation was observed between gold- arsenic and gold- antimony.

In the present study, the effect of glassy wastage on phase analysis and properties of floor tiles were investigated. Samples were prepared with different amounts of glassy wastage, pressed in 280 bar and sintered at 1160°C for 48 minutes. The properties such as density, shrinkage and fired strength were measured. The evaluation of phases was investigated through x-ray diffraction method (XRD), and thermal analysis of the samples was carried out through dilatometry as well as thermal analysis (STA). The results indicated that by increasing the glassy wastage weight percentage up to 4.6Wt%, the physical properties of the tiles improved. Also, increasing the glass wastages led to decrease in firing temperature of the bodies.

The site selection of landfill is one of the most important steps of municipal solid waste management. Due to environmental, ecological and economical problems of unsuitable landfill sites, the land fill site must be selected carefully and by scientific process. In this study, firstly the main criteria proposed for landfill site selections were presented by some of the researchers, then the parameters used in this study were introduced. In this study, several GIS layers including geology, topography, land use, vegetation, permeability, hydrology, hydrogeology, roads access and settlement were prepared. The unpermitted areas of the proposed ones were excluded and the landfill susceptibility map has been produced by rating of the10 remaining layers. Finally, five candidate sites were proposed: municipal proposed in the northeast and southeast of Golpaygan.

In order to find out the relationship between fault displacement, fault length and also fault spacing according to Power-Law Scaling method, the central part of Sabz-Pushan anticline has been studied. Since the strain distribution is different over the area, the area has been divided into two domains (1 and 2) to get better results. Rose diagrams were drawn for each domain. Then, according to fault orientations, traverses were performed all over the area. In this research 21 traverses were carried out with the total length of 53.765 km and data of 209 faults were collected, which will be discussed in this article.