PEYKE NOOR JOURNAL
Year:2004 | Volume:1 | Issue:4|Papers Count:11

Mirza Abd al-Qaffar Najm al-Dawlah is one of the distinguished men and sages under Nasir al-Dīn Shah Qajar. He was both a student and a teacher of Dar al-Funun school. He had a good command of old science, especially of mathematics. In this article, from an academic viewpoint, Najm al-Dawlah’s biography is provided and his geographical workswhich are considered as the first ones in this fieldand the works corrected by him are examined.Moreover, his visit to Ahwaz for establishing a dam on the Karoon river, its significance and its impact on the region’s history and geography are mentioned.The author supports his ideas by drawing on first-hand historical documents such as "Nasir al-Dīn Shah’s Command to Najm al-Dawlah" and considers the reflection of his visit on his contemporaries.

The studies on natural resources are nowadays based on geomorphological investigations. This article provides a clear and detailed description of the units and main geomorphological phenomena of Chahar-Mahal and Bakhtiyari’s south region. The units consist of mountains, hills and high grounds, and alluvial plains which clearly reflect the effects of all types of erosion.The author mentions mass movements on the slopes of the region’s mountains, including landslip, debris and landslide. Moreover, the stony hill knolls and their formation, the alluvial hill knolls in clay and marn formation, located in the north-west of the region, and the role of water in the erosion andmodification of the uneven parts are studied.Among the existing phenomena in the area, creep, solifluxion, landslide and narrow creeks are discussed. Besides, Alloni and Jamal plains which make the alluvial slope plains of the region and the most interesting phenomenon found in Jamal plain, Gud-i Jamal (a small closed basin with its topographic slopes towards the center), and the central plain which is located in an alluvial strata formed by the sedimentary deposits of Khan Mirza and Chillah-Khanah rivers are dealt with. The main geomorphological forms in the region, including river deposits, alluvial terraces, lake deposits and fountains are also studied in detail.

Arg-i Bam is considered the world’s biggest and oldest castle made of clay and sun-baked bricks. The castle served as a complete city and was habitable up to the 20th century. In this article, after giving a brief historical account of Arg-i Bam, the author both examines and criticizes its architectural components and characteristics on the basis of recognizing the skeletal features of the city, as well as those of other contemporary-built cities. The goal of this research is to make clear the architectural style (s) inside the city so as to shed light on the historical period when it was established and on its cultural and social effects on the era. From the author’s viewpoint, knowing this and availing from the advantages of this kind of architecture, when adapted to the social conditions of that era, can help us in building Persian-originated constructions.

Drawing on a range of historical texts and evidence, as well as his own research, Rajabi’s article represents the most important Iranian movements in the‘Abbasid period with respect to the role of the Shi‘ite Iranians in their formation.In this part of the article, the movements of Khurram-Dinan and Babak-i Khurram-Din, and the insurrection of Maziyar are dealt with. Regarding each movement, its leader’s doctorine and status along with its social-historical emergence are discussed.

Badr-i Chachi is one of the AH 8th-century poets and an able follower of Khaghani’s style whose poetry, save for what Dr. Zabih-Allah Safa wrote in the History of Literature, has so far been ignored in Iran. This article shortly introduces Badr and his great status in Indea for Persian-speaker Indian literary men and brings to the fore the contents of his poems, his poetry and some of the less frequently used characteristics of the poems.

This paper focuses on a comparison between lease and purchase while analyzing the effective features in making a decision on and selecting each. To do this, elements like cash outlay, the risk of absolescene, the abolition of lease and the possibility of cash allocation for profitable uses are dealt with. Besides, to present a concise comparison, different alternatives of purchase such as financing through borrowing and financing by means of installment sale are explained and exemplified by conditional sales and chattel mortgage, respectively. Cash circulation, tax factor, the omission of operations expenses, scrap and present values, as well as relevant problems in lease and purchase are also discussed.

The Hijrah, the Prophet Muhammad’s emigration from Mecca to Medina, is highly ranked in Islamic social culture. The verses of the Qur’an and the Prophet’s instructions express the wonderful influences of this social phenomenon on the structure of the Islamic society. It may happen to superficially consider the hijrah as a kind of escaping from the constraints present in the society then; however, an in-depth investigation reveals that there was something much more vital than this: reaching a society materialized as the result of the hijrah.From this view, the hijrah is but a movement towards a highly sofisticated society and the one aimed at constructing close relationships with Islamic civilization. In this article, the author attempts to set forth the motivations and consequences of this phenomenon in Islam. Hence, the part this movement had in the centralization of Islamic political system and in the establishment of a civil society based on the rules and regulations of the newly-born Islamic society is taken into consideration.

This investigation includes a quantitative and qualitative study of 250 addicts’records in a descriptive way. These people attended Maraqah’s Self-introduced Addicts Center and were under the investigator’s treatment for two years. The study reveals, at least, ten causes for addiction and two significant points pertaining to: 1) the critical time of becoming addicted to narcotics (ie during adolescence or the begining of youth), and 2) the fact that these people had no idea about narcotics characteristics, addiction and the process of becoming addicted. The investigator emphasizes the great implied messages of these points that can be considered in preventing addiction.

This part includes the text of Abd al-Hussein Azarang’s lecture delivered at Payame Noor University last year. Since the lecture provides new points about the domain of publishing and edition, particularly the recent one (the electronic publishing), and its interaction with distance education system, it was selected to be presented in this issue.In his lecture, Azarang mentions the theoretical principles of electronic publishing (E-publishing) and the developments initiated by technology in various domains of editionincluding formal, attributal, citational and artistic ones. Moreover, he brings in the fore different kinds of E-publishing, ie self publishing, print on demand and desktop publishing.The significant points of the lecture are mentioning the role of distance education system, as a whole, and that of Payame Noor University, in particular, in the era of technology, the effect of this system on E-publishing and computational edition, the qualities of the 3rd-millennium editor and the proposal regarding the establishment of a new field called "Publishing and Edition" by means of distance education system.