ENVIRONMENTAL BASED TERRITORIAL PLANNING (AMAYESH)
Year:2017 | Volume:10 | Issue:36|Papers Count:9

In recent years, the population of metropolitans and large cities of Iran has had an increasing growth. This has caused irreparable damages to the economic, social, natural and ecologic infrastructure and foundations of those cities. Following the unpredicted population growth, new cities have been built to lower the population rate in metropolitans and to create employment opportunities. However, inattention to the qualities of urban spaces due to hasty construction and a rapid overflow of metropolitan population has created new cities favorable quality of urban and social life. Even in some cases the result has been deserted and with-no-identity cities such as Baharestan new town, located in the proximity of the ancient city of Isfahan, through its fitting natural potential and appropriate ecologic characteristic, can help considerably in reducing the population growth of Isfahan metropolitan and lowering economic and employment pressure on this city. The present study, after scrutinizing definitions and concepts of qualities of urban spaces and their relation and influence on other qualities presented by leading researchers of the field, came up with the most principal qualities effective in setting up new cities according to professors’ and experts’ opinions extracted using a questionnaire. Subsequently, using AHP method and Expert Choice software, this research assessed and measured the extracted principal qualities in the Baharestan new town. The results identified variability, efficiency, the sense of attachment, readability and vitality as principal qualities, all of which were at a relatively inappropriate condition and lower than average in Baharestan. The quality of variability was observed to be at a lower level than other qualities.

Although the concept of social investment is a new and emerging field of urban studies, this concept is rooted in the social relations of mankind. Human naturally engages and interacts with others and satisfy their needs as living creatures. The effects of these interactions and their roles is complex; it is social capital avenue and it can be studied by various researchers. In this paper, by adopting a comparative approach to the evaluation components of social capital metrics awareness, participation and social trust among different communities, three regions of Qazvin had been paid attention. The research is undertaken using descriptive - analytical, qualitative data deploying a model designed to quantify and measure. Assessment model creating value tree and AHP method (AHP) and is designed with four levels. The findings of the study showed significant differences across social capital and its components.

In recent decades, more and more cities have expanded rapidly and have raised as an undeniable fact. The national and regional metropolises, with its focus on facilities and infrastructure, the main hub of the population have become attractive. Negligence of the urban system and the urban sprawl growth uncontrollable urbanization and fragmentation causes an imbalance in the country's urban system. The growing trend of urbanization includes migration, rural - urban and economic development - social causes and uneven pattern of urban networks. This leads to the creation of the first urban phenomenon and is an imbalance in the urban space. The purpose of this study was to analyze the urban system by using the first city in Khuzestan province, rank - size, the class difference, the entropy coefficient and Lorenz curve. The method used in this research is a quantitative-analytic method. The results indicate an imbalance in the regression slope in the hierarchy of a city in Khuzestan province. This imbalance between the ages of 65 and 85 and 75 years less was more. The first city in the province was of 35 to 55 years in declining to rule. But in 65 years, the first town in the province due to issues arising from the war was greatly increased. First city in 75 years has fallen slightly but rises again in 85 years. Entropy calculations indicate an increase in the concentration of 35 to 85 years in Khuzestan province. So that the entropy factor of 0.747 to 0.692 at 35 years is 85 years.

The quality of life measures to the understanding and satisfaction with the needs of the citizens and is related to aspects of their lives. The objective and subjective criteria is investigated in two dimensions in this research. The purpose of this study is the evaluation of the quality of life in Neighborhoods and Regions of the city of Ardabil. This study is supposed to be objective and analytical in its nature. Data was collected in the field (questionnaire) and through the analysis of the documents (library). Statistical population of the Regions and the neighborhoods of the city of Ardabil is about eleven localities (areas) Using Cochran formula the required sample was estimated and 385 subjects were randomly selected. Indicators have been weighted using Shannon entropy Vikor model and they were evaluated to determine the quality of life in the communities. Research results show there are huge differences between localities in terms of quality of life. As the results, it was understood that the neighborhood four, with zero points, is the most prosperous and is in the first place. Neighborhood three is relatively prosperous in the second position with points 0.451 and six neighborhoods with 0.575,, ten 0.578, eight with 0.586, one with 0.602, two 0.612, nine by 0.623, five And seven with 0.772 Ranking the third to tenth And half prosperous Eleven district with 1 point in last place and have been deprived, respectively.

Waste disposal site selection is a critical issue in the urban planning process because of its enormous impact on the economy, ecology, and the environmental health of the region. Waste disposal site selection process aims to locate the areas that will minimize hazards to the environment and public health. In the present study, in order to select sites for dispose of urban waste of Kouhdasht, in addition to TM and ETM+ images, the following data layers and maps have been utilized: distance from city, lithology, slope, ground water, distance from road and other important suburban areas. According to the results of use of the AHP-Fuzzy in Landfill Site, 35.06, 24.85, 36.23, 3.85 and 27.4 percent of the area are located in very unsuitable, unsuitable, moderate and suitable classes respectively.

Performance of projects of civil development and adaptable performance of civil projects which contain all aspects of civil life and satisfies the citizens’ needs with ever-increasing urban and development of cities is an inevitable necessity. In urban projects, like the other projects, the success of the project and all its agents of satisfaction may be the most important issue in project management. The nature of this research, the evaluation of the urban management roles in Khorramabad in the implementation of projects, is descriptive research along with analytical methods. The data and information was collected from library resources through a questionnaire and hundred twenty subjects were consulted from the statistical community of Khorramabad managers. Cochrane formula is used. Data were analyzed using SPSS software and AHP analysis model. Results achieved showed that among the most effective factors, the support from the managers occupies the first position and timing was recognized as the last effective factor. Furthermore, there were fifteen subcategories among which participation and leadership were recognized as the most important and delays and managers education were the least important sub-categories among the effective factors.

Today Transportation is known as a one of the most important elements of urban development structur. Public Transportation, according to its more extensive functional capacity, can play a role in a wider scale. Transit Oriented Development with a focus on subway is one of the special approaches in this field. Recently, Tehran Public Transport Fleet has been significantly improved especially in the field of subway and BRT. Although Tehran has the potential, not only it could not benefited from the advantages of this development, but also has imposed many social and traffic problems of around of stationary complex. These are because of lack of implementation principle of TOD and the proper functioning of them. Shahrak-E Ekbatan complex is a Newly established which located on Tehran subway line 4. Since construction of the station in the standard form requires certain predetermined principles, Shahrak-E Ekbatan Complex Station with its special location in Public Transportation System is expected that it plays role in implementation these principles to achieve an efficient station complex. TOD is a novelty and different approach of traditional theory, with considering four main principles which is consisted of (1) Intensive development, (2) mixed land uses, (3) pedestrian-oriented, (4) Transportation facilities. TOD tries to solve the problems which are occurred due to inattention to the four foregoing principles. In this study, the functional principles of Transit Oriented Development in the Shahrak-E Ekbatan Complex Station are assessed with use of library and archives of the context the Field oriented descriptive and AHP. Consequently achievement to TOD goals and effective utilization of the complex station are restricted. As a main result the Shahrak-E Ekbatan Complex Station with the implementation rate of three forth of the functional principles is in desirable condition.

In the increasing current development of cities, organizations and institutions, some encountered problems and complexities are the results of the increase of failures in the area of urban management. One of the problems added to the lots of problems of urban management which has become worse, considering the current trend of globalization of the world has been regarded as the crisis, is the issue of informal settlements. This study aims to explain the influencing institutional-administrative reasons in the formation of informal settlements and finally to provide fundamental solutions in order to improve them. The method of research is a scientific-survey one. The data collected from written documents and references has been descriptively organized and analyzed considering the subject and essence of this research. The regional management and programming system in Iran with the total direct and indirect effect (0.622) is ranked 1st, in local management (0.515) is in the rank of 2nd, in the defined terms and conditions in the plans of urban development (0.384) in the rank of 3rd, in the programs and regulations monitoring the constructions in the legal area and privacy of cities (0.309) in the rank of 4th, in the social, economic and bioenvironmental macro policy making (0.261) in the rank of 5th, in the plans and policies of housing of low-income earners (0.179) in the rank of 6th, in the regulations governing the process of separation and segmentation of the land in Iran (0.168) in rank 7th, in the organizations of civil society and privacy section (0.158) in the rank of 8th and in the weakness of urban culture (0.114) is in the rank of 9th, respectively.