IRANIAN JOURNAL OF SOCIAL STUDIES
Year:2006 | Volume:1 | Issue:1|Papers Count:9

In criminology and scientific review of crimes regarding victim and victimlogy is very important, because besides crimes and offenders, victims of crimes have been studied (Borer and Ranter, 1337). Whereas, the majority of activities related to narcotic substances have been done by ordinary and disadvantaged people, so arresting and imprisoning them affected seriously their families quality of life and regarding their members as victims' narcotic substances and prison's punishment. The major question of this research is to evaluate quality of life in prisoners' family before and after prison prisoner (if he/she is head of family).This research uses social control theory in sociology of deviance and Maslo's hierarchy in social psychology. Social control is based on this assumption that in evaluating the effect of prison an prisoner's families internal family relations and tendency of children to deviances should be focused on. Maslo is concerned with different dimensions of quality of life. Survey method has been used for collecting and analyzing data. Research population consisted of spouse of narcotic substances' offenders in Shiraz city; 500 of them were selected randomly and contribute in data collection based on face to face interview. Findings show that based on T-Test there is a significant difference between before and after head of family's prison in quality of life indicators (economic situation, social relations in family, education situation of members, style of socialization, mental health and children control tendency to deviance). So, punishment of narcotic substances offenders has negative effects on their family's quality of life.

The aim of this study was to examine the apartment residence consequences. For this purpose, literatures of previous studies about apartment residence and problems of residential buildings were reviewed. Since the apartment - residence is one of the urban life patterns, theories of urban sociologists were used for theoretical framework. Giddens' works and cultural approach's theories were applied as theoretical framework and the empirical model was extracted from those theories. This study was conducted by survey method and a questionnaire was used for data collection using lin sampling formula, the sample size was determined equal to 377, which for more accuracy was increased to 400.The questionnaire was completed in 41 urban regions, which have more apartments in comparison to other regions. Independent variables in current study are: respondent education, family income, family size, birth place, apartment size, floors frequency, units frequency, rooms frequency, ethnicity, apartment-residence antecedent (back ground), having or looking of apartment manager and the managing quality. Dependent variables include: residents satisfaction, security feeling, alienations feeling, social trust, and educational achievement of children. The first four variables were measured with Linker scale. 21 hypotheses, according to empirical model, were proposed and tested, among which 4 hypotheses were confirmed. The results showed that apartment size, floor frequency, having or lacking of apartment manager and the managing quality of apartment' buildings have positive (direct) relation to apartment - residence satisfaction.

Nowadays, settlement of nomads is the most debated strategy towards that community in Iran. Iranian nomads had experienced obligational settlement in the beginning of 21st century. But nowadays, settlement is propounded in a new shape by governmental policy makers. They believe that periodical immigration of nomads is not a desirable way of life and they should be settled. Bakan plain is the place of the first and the most important project which has been executed for 500 households of Ghashqaie tribe. The main objectives of this study were: 1) an analysis of problems and consequences of Bakan project, and 2) to suggest a set of suitable policies for such projects in the future.Qualitative research method was used in this study. Field observation, focus group interviews, and in-depth case study were used in field study phase. Archival research and individual interview with project planners and executive personnel were the other techniques which have been used in this study. Findings revealed the demographic aspects of nomads' households have been neglected in the process of facilities distribution between them. Considering that, one of the main objectives of nomads' settlement project was transition of their livelihood from husbandry production toward agricultural production; the target group was confronted with many problems in relation to agricultural production. Water resources scarcity, low quality of the lands which have been given to nomads for cropping, inadequacy of nomads' knowledge and skills about agronomy were the main agricultural problems. Much density of herds on pastures of Bakan plain, difficulties about forage cropping, long duration of freezing season were the main husbandry production problems.Some strategies have been recommended based on the research findings. They briefly are: More preference on software instead of hardware aspects of settlement projects; Necessity of adopting planning, implementing and evaluating methods according to interdisciplinary approaches; Encouraging and support of involuntary settlement plans; Necessity to adopt long term view in relation to nomads' settlement projects with regard to youth condition and; Attending to ecological aspects' of nomads' settlement projects, especially study and forecast of environmental consequences of such projects before every performance.

Perception of body is different in various cultures and it is one of the prominent concerns of sociologists of sociologists of the world today. In this field different insights to the body of men and women is well-known. In some societies body is considered as a private object and will prevented to be shown in public. In some others it is cherish and the owner can use it in any way. In Iranian long history the body considers as a private object and avoids to be publicized. This rule is restrictors for women. In this article a short history of women's wearing is presented and women students' tendency to different wearing is analyzed. Women students' wearing in different social occasions is reported and social condition's affect on their clothing is examined. The article will deal with social changes in a period of ten years and its effect on women students' tendency to different types of costume.

In this study the researchers used survey method and prepared a questionnaire for data Collection. Sample size is 280 married women in 3, 7, and 18 districts in Tehran city.Data process has been in 3 levels namely description, two variables analysis, and variables analysis and path analysis.In order to measure the rate of trusting the spouse we used six indicators, including truthfulness, loyalty, security, lack of doubt, satisfactory emotional feeling, coefficient of correlation. Validity of these indicators is approved by using Alpha and asking view points of some professionals.Findings of this research show that distribution of trust rate among interviewers was normal and there were significant relations between some of variables such as parents' trust, basic trust, type of husbands' friends, husbands' handsomest, fail, expectations and commitment, social ability, persuasion, dependency feeling, interest, self sacrifice, discipline, comprehensive relation, division of home labor spouses' knowledge and durational effective daily interaction with trusting the spouses:The results of regression analysis and path analysis showed the effects of the variables are as follows: mutual relations qualifications (60), comeliness of spouses (-30.6), authority in family (-21.78), spouses' friends (16.6), failure in life (-23).

This essay tries to explain the relation between social capital and quality of life in three districts of Gonbad Kavoos city. Namely, they are: Daneshjoo Boulevard, Shariati and Bedeljeh. Measures used for assessing the quality of life are: health and nutritional status, educational status, quality of leisure, material quality, environmental quality, and psychical well being. To assess the social capital we have used these measures: social trust, communications, reciprocity, local safety, access to public services.In the first phase of the study, using a questionnaire, we gathered the data for 218 households in the three above stated districts, and the position of these households recorded by GPS.Because surveying method is not able to assess the spatial dimension of life quality, in the next phase GIS related methods was used to assess it.

The aim of this paper is to study the social classes and status mobility in Bushehr city and urban areas of Pars province. The random sampling of urban areas of Pars province and selection of Bushehr city in southern part of Iran provides us the possibility of comparative study. A sample size of 1835 selected randomly among the active population. Then the social classes were studied based on indicators as economical, organizational and specialization power.The social mobility including intergenerational and intra-generational mobility (downward and upward mobility) was studied. The finding illustrates that during the last half century our urban society has undergo a profound occupational mobility. Two effecting factors were education and changing occupational structure in new society. Classes and social stratification has also undergone profound changes, but class mobility did not occur as feasible as occupational mobility. The wealth and the organizational power are two pillars of social classes.Access to these resources is not as easy as access to education and official degree. The social class and mobility are different in Pars urban areas and the city of Bushehr. In terms of social mobility Bushehr is a more closed society than the Pars urban areas like Abadeh and Kazeron.

In the global age, one of the most interesting and complex issues in the political and social sciences is the relationship between Islam and democracy. The Muslim world is not ideologically monolithic. It presents a broad spectrum of perspectives ranging from the extremes of those who deny a connection between Islam and democracy to those who argue that Islam requires a democratic system. In between the extremes, in a number of countries where Muslims are in the majority, many Muslims believe that is a support for democracy even though their particular political system is not explicitly defined as Islamic.The main aim of the present study was to examine religiosity of Iranian educated urban middle class and their orientation to democracy in Iranian society. The nature of this study was exploratory, and a sample of 201 respondents was selected in the city of Shiraz. For data collection interview schedule was the main tool.The data in the present study clearly showed that our respondents were favorably inclined toward democracy. It also showed that a very large proportion of the sample was quite religious, and they felt that the political participation is necessary and had a significant role on the processes of democratization of society. Further, the data reveals the relationship between the democratic orientations and religiosity were statistically significant and there is a significant difference among various occupation of the respondents and their orientations to democracy.