Mytho-Mystic Literature
Year:2008 | Volume:4 | Issue:10|Papers Count:8

One of the main elements of narratology is time, Which is also the prevalent theme in su-va-šun. Events in real life happen in a definite order- the order of time, but storytellers have an enormous power to shape our experience of time. For example, they may alter the ordering of events; they can draw out or compress the duration of events; they can repeat actions or bring us back to the same point multiple times in the process of experiencing a particular plot; they may simultaneously confront us with multiple time-spans; and all these are represented by Simin Daneshvar (b. 1921) in her fiction, su-va-šun. The present article examines the element of time in su-va-šun from narrative point of view.

Liberalism is a political view/movement that tries to achieve the development of individual freedom and advocates democratic forms of government, and gradual reform in political and social institutions. It is a modern political philosophy and belongs to the modern world and the new age. Liberalism is divided into theological and political categories, the result of which is significant in the abolishment of slavery and advocating human rights.Kalīle va Demne, and Marzbān Nāme, are the Two famous Persian texts which are full of political and social approaches, occasionally revealing the beliefs of their author. Although the two works stem from a totally different paradigm, yet Liberalistic concepts can still be found in them. The aim of present article is to show the presence of these concepts in these books.

Hāfez is a the great man of art whose poetry has become eternal in all times and places. In his artistic thought, time is not made of discrete parts, it is a continuous never ending line. Hāfez is not bound with any specific time or place. The present article tries to demonstrate these two characteristics of his poetry, namely, the time–and placelessness, and also to reveal his dexterity to belong to any age regardless of time and place.

Siyāvash, a character in Ferdowsi's epic, Shāhnāmeh, was the son of Kai Kavoos, king of Iran, Due to the treason of his stepmother, Sudābeh, Siyāvash self-exiled himself to Turan where he was killed innocently by order of the Turanian king, Afrāsiāb and was later on avenged by his son, Kai Khosrow.Siyāvash is one of the beloved characters in Shāhnāmeh who was wronged, and is a symbol of innocence in Persian Literature. In a sense he has a mystic character, a holly traveler (Sālek) who travels from the stage of spiritual quest (talab) to the stage of annihilation (fanā). He passes safely through fire, can prophesy the things to happen fourteen years after his death, and reminds us of the anthropos teleios (Perfect Man).

Kalīle va Demne, the book of Indian fables which had been translated in the 6th century from Sanskrit to Middle Persian and thence to Arabic by Ibn al-Muqaffa during the 8th century, is of great prominence in Persian literature. Abulfazl Mohammad Balkhi translated Kalīle va Demne into Persian in the samanid Dynasty and Rudaki considered as the founder of Persian classical literature, rendered it into poem.  In contemporary times, first Abul-Azim Khan Gharib and then Mojtaba Minovi, based on some manuscripts, edited it.The present article, by considering the process of translation of Kalīle va Demne into Presian language, tries to criticize Minovi's Edtion.

Mo'ayyed ol-Fozalā' dictionary, published in India, has been compiled by Muhammad ibn Shaykh Lād Dihlavi in 925 A.H./1519 A.D. This unique dictionary is divided into 3 chapters: 1. Description of Arabic words into Persian2. Description of Persian words into Persian3. Description of Turkish words into PersianUnfortunately, this book has not been edited till now and it has been only twice lithographically printed in India.This article, by considering three existing manuscripts in Iranian libraries - Astān Gods Razvi, Majles Shorāye Melli and Tehran University – attempts to edit the version of this dictionary printed in India.

Bidel Dehlavi (1642–1720) is considered as one of the prominent poets of Indian School of Poetry in Persian literature. He took notice of Iraqi style with respect to rhythm and rhyme, but established his own style through what can be called a “literary evolution”.In this article the differences between the Iraqi style of poetry and that of Bidel's are listed in a table along with examples, so as for us to see how Bidel has developed his own unique style.