STRATEGY FOR CULTURE
Year:2018 | Volume:11 | Issue:42 |Papers Count:7

Today few sociologists deny the necessity of paying attention to the issue of secularization in Iran as the most important cultural threat to the society. Secularization involves several complexities and ambiguities, part of which stems from conceptual considerations. These ambiguities have inevitably led to disarray in empirical research about secularization and have challenged their validity. This paper offers two steps for more explanation of the concept of secularization and to pave the way for its application in empirical studies. In the first step, attempts have been made – through rational and logical investigation of the existing definition – to offer an acceptable definition of secularization. The most important result of the research in this step is attainment of some explanations about the distinction of the levels and domains of secularization as well as distinction between its positive and negative aspects. In the second step, which deals with the operational definition of secularization, more than seventy indices through induction of the religious texts (the Holy Quran and Shi’ a traditions) have been extracted and developed within a conceptual framework. This framework can solve the problem of shortage of rich and valid measures in indigenous studies about secularization.

The objective of the present research is to study the effectiveness of family drama therapy on reducing parent-adolescent conflict among the adolescents. The research method employed was quasi-experimental study with single subject structure. The sample group was selected through convenience sampling method that included four 12-14-years-old, studying in two Guidance Schools in District 1 of Tehran City during 2014-2015 academic year. The subjects participated in seven family drama therapy sessions and filled the Parent-Adolescent Conflict Measurement Questionnaire (Adolescent Form) three times before the intervention (baseline) as well as during the third, fifth and seventh sessions. Moreover, in order to follow up the trend of changes after the intervention, the results of the research were followed up twice (two weeks and four weeks after the intervention) by the questionnaire. The findings of the research were analyzed through visual analysis graphs, calculate effect sizes and percentage changes The analysis of the findings indicate that family drama therapy was effective in reduction of parent-adolescent conflict in all four subjects. A noteworthy point was considerable reduction of parent-adolescent conflict in the first three sessions. In other words, along with education the positive interactions in the family, improvement of relations, emphasis on the necessity of entertainment in and outside the family and emphasis on the role of father in the family, highest degree of changes in the subject was reported.

The present article is an attempt to find out the narrative variables and coding analysis of post-Revolution religious cinema in Iran, extract the religious categories emphasized by it and way of putting the narration and film codes in the service of religious categories. For this purpose, a conceptual framework of religious cinema and cinematic narratology and semiotics was developed and in the light of social tie of art some allusions were made to social context of Iran. Barthes-McQuilan approach and identification of indexes of narratology in the major and minor scenes were used for narrative analysis; and, Eco’ s approach and identification of the significations of the ten codes were used for semiotics. On the basis of maximal definition of religious cinema and the viewpoints of the experts of this field as well as through assessment of the landmark religious films, the “ Coper and Gold” film was selected because of its religious themes, suitable utilization of semiotic codes and principles of narration. The findings of the research include the followings: prioritizing the behavioral and epistemic aspects of religion; avoiding the expression of convictional categories and secularization of religion; congruence with public sphere of the believers; utilizing unconscious codes for offering profound concepts; and putting narration and film codes at the service of religious narrative and codes. This paper has focused on extracting different religious aspects and indexes in after-revolution Iranian religious cinema, studying narrative and semiotic characteristics of this cinema and knowing serving manner of narration and codes of the film to religion. For this purpose, framework of religious cinema, cinematic narration and semiology and generalities of the Iranian social context based of art’ s social connection will be presented. The methodology of this paper is combined of Barthes-McQuilan’ s approach in narratology and Umberto Echo’ s approach in semiology. By using Barthes-McQuilan’ s approach different indexes have been recognized in primary and secondary scenes of the films. Also, by using Echo’ s approach different codes including perceptive codes, codes of recognition, codes of transmission, tonal codes, iconic codes, iconographic codes, codes of taste and sensibility, rhetorical codes, stylistic codes and codes of the unconscious have been detected in the scenes of the films. By using religious cinema definition, expert opinions and evaluation of main Iranian religious cinema, “ Gold and Copper” Film has been selected. Emphasis of this film to ritualistic and intellectual aspects of religion, avoiding the film from ideological aspects and secularization, alignment of the film to religious public sphere and complete serving of the film’ s narration and codes to religion are some results of this paper.

An ideal cultural policy in the field of ethnicity is the one that, while heeding master documents, pays special attention to the ecosystem of an ethnic community and is not planned in vacuum. The present article, employing thematic analysis in the field of related master documents and in-depth interview with related interest groups in this field as well as extracting the commonalities of the garnered codes, has found some principles for realistic policymaking. Given the increasing significance of the Kurdish community, either religiously as the largest ethnic community and a religious minority in Iran, or, because of high percentage of ethnic identity growth rate among them, one may consider this ethnic community as a good example for generalization of policies to other ethnic communities who are religiously a minority group (Baluch and Turkman communities) and apply the findings of this research for cultural policymaking for the said communities. The findings of the research indicate that the ethnic demands of the Kurdish elites are highly compatible and congruent with the master documents, particularly the Constitution and viewpoints of the leaders of the establishment. Among such commonalities and similarities, mention may be made of faith in Islam and Iran, national identity, protection of territorial integrity and solidarity of the state, boosting the ethnic culture under the umbrella of official culture, constructive intercultural communications, granting the civil and citizenship rights of the followers of other religions and ethnic communities, promotion of social justice and rendering servicing to all ethnic communities.

Assisting the deprived people is an answer to man’ s inner need; although the inner need to do good does not equally exist in all human beings. Besides, helping the needy as a religious duty and commandment has been emphasized on in the religious traditions. What should be promoted in the Islamic society is voluntary donation and charity based on religious and Quranic characteristics. If the behavior of voluntary donation is not in congruence with religious framework, not only it will not have spiritual rewards, but also will be accompanied with other harms. In the light of the necessity of compatibility of voluntary donation with religious features and the necessity of offering a reformed plan in this regard, after studying the verses of the Quran about charity and donation, the most important characteristics and necessities of voluntary donation have been extracted and classified. In order to assess the existing condition, 474 people were selected as sample from five different regions of Tehran. The findings of the study indicate that in some features the existing behavior is to a large extent compatible with the desired behavior while in some features we need to improve or reform them through cultural activities.

Changes in epistemological paradigms results to transition of "The power of knowledge" to knowledge sharing paradigm. Knowledge sharing in universities and institutes of higher education is of high significance, for the teaching staff and students are situated in a competitive process of creation and production of knowledge and its ultimate sharing. The objective of the present quantitative study is to develop a paradigmatic model for knowledge sharing in scientific communities. The data collection was through interview and using targeted sampling and theoretical saturation criterion. The sample constituted of fifteen faculty members of the Tabriz University. The findings of the paper show the seven important factors for knowledge sharing in viewpoint of the faculty members: between religious approach and practice; feeling of power through imprisonment of knowledge; weakness in academic social capital; fear of copying; undesirability of university services; and lack of motivate elements. The key concept or central category in this research is the concept of “ imprisonment of knowledge” . What can be inferred from the remarks of the participants indicates that the faculty members in universities through imprisonment of knowledge and scientific domination and becoming outstanding in their fields try to obtain credit, respect and most importantly power.

The objective of this paper is to study the intermediary role of cognitive emotion regulation in relation of perceived social support with academic achievement of adolescents. The statistical population included 1286 high school students, among whom 300, including 150 boy and 150 girl, students of the high schools of Pakdasht were selected through relative cluster sampling method as the sample. Correlation was used to find out the relationship among variables. The data collection tools included Multidimensional Perceived Social Support Questionnaire and Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (CERQ) as well as the average of the previous year. The findings of the research indicate that among the cognitive emotion regulation strategies, only the unadjusted cognitive emotion regulation strategies have intermediary role in relation of perceived social support with academic achievement. The youth perception of social support has relationship with unadjusted cognitive emotion strategies including, mental rumination and putting the blame on others, and also have relationship with academic achievement. The unadjusted strategies, contrary to adjusted strategies, play the role of latent variables in this regard.