Journal of Hadith Studies
Year:2010 | Volume:1 | Issue:2|Papers Count:7

Prevarication is a propounded subject in jurisprudence and hadith which is derived from the verses of the holy Quran and the manners of the holy Prophet's family. It is impressive to understand the content and the purposes of their holy speeches. The late Mohammad Taqi Majlesi proved the necessity of prevarication through the law of keeping the reverence of Muslim as well as the other reasons and laws. He differentiates between prevarication and dissimulation since some parts of hadiths have issued for dissimulation and not for prevarication. Majlesi considers the degrees of the people's understanding in prevarication. In his opinion recognition of prevarication's hadith through documentary evidence refers to the narrations of the former Imam and the presence of the ordinary narrator as the audience of Imam. He considers content evidence as follows: giving order to be silent, analogy in hadith and contrast of hadith with frequent News, ambiguity in hadith, generalization in speech, disarrangement and confusion of texts, negated questioning, evidence of similarity with ordinary people and agreement with their opinions. Majlesi deems interlocutor and necessity as two mandatory conditions for prevarication

The traditions indicating the possibility of corruption in the holy Quran, uncertainty in the history of collecting the Quran-at least for some scholars-the existence of some traditions comparing the major events in the history of the Muslim community with those of the history of the ancient communities, and the absence of the direct mention of the names of the Immaculate Imams, peace be upon them, in the Quran, are the main factors that led to the assumption that the Quran is possibly corrupted. Among many other factors, the traditions indicating the corruption of the Quran in different books, some of which are more important and credited than others, are worth of consideration. This article is an effort to study, irrespective of the documents and authorities, the text of those traditions in al-Kafi which have been used by the proponents of the theory of corruption. In this research, first all those traditions on the subject of corruption, which are almost eighty traditions, have been extracted. Then the cause of controversy in each tradition has been discussed and after a careful and documented analysis and study of each of these traditions they are organized in a final classification. In this analysis the researcher depends on textual evidence, the style of the traditions, external contexts and the views of the Muslim scholars.

Abd-o al-'Ala Moosavi Sabzevari is one of the famous contemporary narrators of traditions and scholars. He has precious works in different religious sciences. Amongst these works, Mawahib Al-Rahman fi Tafseer-i-Al-Quran has special status; for in this book we can see Allamah's views about traditions very well.Allamah believes that traditions interpret the Quran and for this reason he has relied on traditions to explain the meaning and determine the extension of the verses.In order to eliminate vagueness and remove contradictions from traditions, he uses methods such as: paying attention to word denotation, researching literal and metaphorical meaning and interpreting the traditions.The status of criticism in Allamah's method of studying traditions shows that he does not trust the traditions opposing the Quran, prophetic tradition and the intellect. In the study of traditions, he does not consider correctness of document as a basis for accepting them. Considering the contents of traditions he expresses his definite opinion regarding this subject exactly and sometimes he gives judgment on disapproval of traditions and its pattern.

Hajj and 'Umra were considered two independent rituals being performed in two different periods of a year ('Umra in Rajab and Hajj in Hajj months) in the Ignorance Era. In the Islamic period these two rituals were performed in the same way until the 10th year (A.H.) when the holy Prophet commanded people to perform Hajj and 'Umra simultaneously during his last pilgrimage and emphasized their simultaneity forever. Despite establishment of that juristic precept in both Shi'a and Sunni hadiths, there are some disputes in Sunni hadiths concerning the very legitimacy of 'Umra al-Tamattu' and its subsistence or abolition. While judging those disputes the present essay would deal with that subject in a comparative manner.

There are some issues about Fazl lbn-e Shazan in the Great Islamic Encyclopedia, such as doubts on direct discourses with Imam Reza, materialistic ideas, closeness of his beliefs to Salafi Sunnis and also doubts on attribution of Kitab al-Izah to him, etc. In this article we explain those doubts that are baseless, specially Imam Askari's blame of materialistic ideas of Fazl. In fact, he was a real jurist, scholar of hadith, theologian and companion of the Imams. He also has endeavored for religious knowledge and has written about one hundred and eighty books in the third century. Doubtless, he has an important role in Islamic sciences and we must spread his true beliefs in our society.

One of the important and necessary discussions in the Shiite culture is knowing the position of the Household of the Prophet, peace be upon them, in introducing the Quran, its interpretation and its implications, and their effect on the formation of the culture concerning the Quran in the society. One of the important books of Shiite hadith (traditions) which concerns the stand of the Household of the Prophet, peace be upon them, to the Quran is al-Kafi by Abu Jafar Muhammad Ibn Yaqub al-Kuleini (d. AH 329). Kulein in his Usul al-Kafi gathers some traditions on the Excellence of the Quran in one of the volumes. This volume comprises fourteen chapters and includes 124 traditions on different subjects. Besides these traditions, Kuleini adds some other traditions which he relates in different ways. He also brings the same principles in the volume of The Prayer, and on different occasions he relates some traditions on the interpretation of the holy Quran by the household of the Prophet, peace be upon them, in other chapters and volumes. It is important, however, to note that in the study of the traditions on the Quran in this book one should not be confined to the Excellence of the Quran and the traditions are not confined to these chapters; rather the range of the traditions on the Quran are wider than the Book of Usul and the other mentioned book. In Furu and Rawdah in al-Kafi there are also many traditions which in a way are connected to the questions of subjects of superemcy and interpretation. On the other hand, al-Kafi is one of the first books which historically show the interest in the mentioned questions and unfortunately no comprehensive and analytical study has been made. The aim of this research is to analyze and study the position of the school of Quranic studies of the people of the household and the position of the Quran in their view in the light of these traditions which indicate the position, qualities and teaching and attributes of the Quran from the viewpoint of the people of the household and their practical conduct in regard of the Quran and other issues, and the importance and position of these traditions on the basis of the realities that exist and the possible damages.

Muhammad ibn Ahmad Al-Shaybani, as introduced in the majority of Rijal sources, was an anonymous scholar of hadith, of who had not been narrated, but a few. However, these few remained narrations can be considered as a very source for his lifetime. Based on textual criticism, this study reconstructs his biographical data available in these sources. The period of his life, his teachers, school, and theological beliefs etc. will be studied in order to trace the hadith school of Rey from which most of its scholars migrate to Baghdad at the period of Biiyid dynasty. In other words, a historical methodology is applied in the realm of hadith studies to examine a new method. In addition to investigating Shaybani's lifetime, the aim of the study is to present this methodology.