TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT STUDIES
Year:2011 | Volume:6 | Issue:20|Papers Count:9

Today, most cities face the problem of shortage of parking places for vehicles, particularly in central areas. Therefore, parking management is one of the major components of traffic management. Absence of nonstreet parking is now leading to increase street parking, reduce width of streets and totally disrupt the traffic system.The purpose of the present paper is to study the effects of street parking on the flow of urban networks traffic and to analyze traffic parameters.The research method of the paper is the assemblage of the flow volume (number of vehicles) during peak traffic hours and entering the data in Aimsun software, and then analyzing the result graphs to obtain flow volume using statistical methods.The Aimsun software is one of the best traffic software calibrated some years ago in Iran. In this paper, two arterial streets were selected. The results of the research illustrate that street parking increases delay time and density, and increasing these two parameters, in turn, increases traffic congestion and wastes lots of energy, fuel and time. If the street has side parking, delay time and density are increased 19 (sec/veh) and 12 (veh/km) respectively, as opposed to the streets without side parking.

The rate of driving offense is extremely high in Iran. Because of its harmful consequences, the driving offense is, at present, one of the most important social problems in Iran. With respect to the increase of women drivers, this research has tried to investigate the relationship between gender and driving offense. It is generally assumed that women commit less deviant and criminal behaviors, compared to men, and hence, women commit less driving offenses.The present research, the method of which is a cross-sectional survey, was conducted in Yasouj. The statistical population consists of all drivers aged 18-65 who had private car and driving license. Totally, 389 subjects were selected by means of random multi-stage sampling. The measurement instrument was a questionnaire including three dimensions: inability in technical control of car, lack of awakening during driving, and disregarding traffic regulations. The validity of the questionnaire was measured by content validity and the reliability was determined through retest which showed the Pearson coefficient as 0.618. The descriptive findings of the research demonstrate that the rate of driving offense is high among the drivers. The research analytical findings show that there is no significant difference between men and women in driving offenses.The research findings have been compared with related studies, and finally some explanations have been offered for the current research finding.

Automobiles are the inseparable part of human life, but misusing them has brought about deadly problems. Experts believe that traffic accidents will turn to be the third fatality factor by 2020. Among the three car accident factors, i.e. human, car and road, the human one is responsible for as much as 60% of the total accidents. Since human being is trainable, teaching rules and regulations to increase the traffic culture can prevent car accidents.The present study tries to introduce institutions and organizations directly or indirectly involved in improving the culture of traffic order and safety.

Traffic accidents are the ninth factor of life lost in the world. In our country, this issue has had a growing rate of 18.3% from 1375 to 1385, making the prevention of traffic accidents a considerable issue. The present study is going to estimate the dissipated costs due to car accidents in Sabzevar and tries to provide solutions to reduce them. The study is a retrospective one, done with the help of mortality data from the statistics office of Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences. Demographic and economic indices in 1385 have also been used along with standard expected Years of life lost method.Between 1383 and 1387, 1/542 people were killed in driving accidents in the vicinity of Sabzevar. Also, considering the life expectancy in different age groups, the total years of life lost in this period has been estimated about 56, 666 years. Considering the per capita gross national product, the monetary value of life years lost due to car accidents has been estimated.Considering a population of 477/000 people living in this city and more than 600 kilometers of main roads and communication routes, the imposed costs for each person would be 4/000/000 Rials per person and 620/000/000 Rials per kilometer annually. Investing a very small portion of this money on the educational and cultural programs for drivers not only has effective results, but also prevents psychological stresses which follow the death of a member of a family. More importantly, if prevention is given priority over treatment and a harmony between different organizations is established, the number of injured people with intensive care needs will be reduced and, hence, the imposed medical costs will decrease.

This research with aim of implementation, improvement and development of Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) for decreasing of traffics in huge cities which has been as the huge event in public transportation. For doing of this research after exploration of models and approaches in service quality, this point that Vahed company as public services organization serves passengers and using of quality models that emphasizing reducing traffic. Tehran Vahed Company is as the largest company for public transportation to citizens’ services in Tehran. In this paper is explored and analyzed BRT in the other countries and suggested the best procedure for future developing of BRT in huge cities.

The recent research on the level of the fuel consumption in tehran have revealed that those vehicles using fossil fuels make a considerable portion of the fuel consumption. In order to scale down the congestion of Tehran's pathways and, therefore, the concerned negative implications of it, such as over-consumption of fuels, certain measures such as diving cars into odd and even based on their license plate numbers, increasing the traffic zone and so on were employed. Theses measures are implemented in order to persuade ordinary people to utilize less of private vehicles. However, concerning the fact that the plans are employed urgently and in emergency situations only, they couldn' t be viewed as viable.One of the methods used to reduce the utilization of private vehicles is the expansion of public transportation, especially collective and highvelocity systems, like the subway system. In this paper, first a mathematical model delineating the level of fuel consumption in the system relative to the public transportation with its effects on the reduction of fuel consumption and the corresponding changes are under assessment. In these studies, first a mathematical model indicating the amount of fuel consumption in the network relative to the level of public transportation utilization is made and represented. In addition, according to this model, the role of public transportation in the fuel consumption will be represented. The results of the study indicate that in each travel done by public transportation in Tehran, instead of private vehicles, there is a reduction of 2 liters of fuel. If we assume that each community work force only does 3 travels a day (including the travel back home), with the assumption of 300 working days a year, it is easily calculated that by using public transportation, each person reduces 1800 liters from the system's fuel consumption.

The main purpose of the present research is the classification, specification and prioritization of educational requirements of citizens of Tehran, district 19 based on the municipality educational syllabus (Department of Transportation and Traffic). For this purpose, 18 educational issues in the domain of Transportation and Traffic Deputy were classified and prioritized.The statistical population of the study consists of all citizens of Tehran, district 19 (both male and female) in the first half of 2008. Of the total 64/285 families, 384 people were elected through the cluster-randomly sampling method based on the Morgan Table. The research method used was descriptive-measurement and the measurement tool was a researcher-made questionnaire including 18 cloze tests.After describing the collected data, the sample group and data were analyzed through Chi Square and Freidman Statistical Test. The results of the research indicate that the educational requirements of citizens of Tehran, district 19 could be organized and classified as follows: The first priority: Improving security in cars, such as fastening the seat belt, is developing methods of driving efficiently and giving drivers information about risks of speed.The second priority: Teaching drivers how to use pavements and parking lots to decrease traffic congestion.