Journal of Applied Sociology
Year:2009 | Volume:20 | Issue:1 (33)|Papers Count:11

The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship of Globalization and body image of women in Tehran, Shiraz and Estahban. The Sample of the study consisted of 2200 women in these cities. After reviewing local and international literature, we examined 9 hypotheses that drawing from synthesized theoretical framework with regard to Giddens theory and past researches.The research methodology was a survey. The data was collected by using a questionnaire and a scale for body image. All women of these cities selected systematically at random. The results showed that Modernity, Awareness about Globalization, Life style, negotiation in family, Cultural Capital and Marriage Status on the whole could explain about 40 percent of women's body image.

Behavior of citizens and their quality of participation in the social activities is taken to account for one of the basic requirements of social capital and indication of being developed in the societies. Citizenship culture and its key elements have been challenged through out the history of this concept by thinkers and the clear–sighted people who take interest in social problems and believe that civilization and progress of human societies are related to the establishment of that culture and have been discussed and argued from the ancient era until now.Today, defining the amount of institutionalization of citizenship culture in order to define our situation in the development in the globalization back ground is urgent for achieving development indices.In this paper, after collecting data from surveying the city of Isfahan and historical study of citizenship concept, and by using different theories , the citizenship condition and its various dimension in the city and among the people will be discussed.

The present paper aims at studying the internal factors affecting ethnic and national identity among Arab people of Ahwaz using quantitative method and survey technique. The sample of this study was 384 male and female Arabs aging 18 to 65 years old. In order to have a more precise study, a pretest questionnaire was given to 52 Arab people of Ahwaz. The final questionnaire was given to the sample during autumn and winter of 2006. The theoretical framework of this study is based on modernization, relative deprivation and internal exploitation theories. In this study, the effect of age, sex, marital status, employment, family income, the rate of family ownership, relative deprivation feeling in economic dimension, urban residence, neighborhood (Arab dominant or mixed), the rate of ethnic trust, abiding by ethnic norms, education, using media, satisfaction with political system, participation in political issues and relative deprivation feeling in political dimension were measured by ethnic identity variable. Finally, the relationship between ethnic identity variable and national identity variable was tested among samples. The result of bivariate analysis (T test, variance analysis and simple regression) revealed that above mentioned variable-except 3 variables including sex, marital status and urban residence record - were significant. Ethnic identity and national identity are significant negative relationship. The results of multivariate regression analysis revealed that 11 out of 16 independent variables affected ethnic identity which finaly explained 67 percent of ethnic identity variance.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of cultural attitude of society and family as well as ICT development on increasing attendance of women in higher education institutions. Using quantitative and qualitative methods, the research was a kind of Causal-Comparative. Out of all female student of public universities in Isfahan, students were selected using stratified sampling. Research tools of this study were a researchers-made questionnaire (38 items) and a semi-structured interviews. Reliability of the questionnaire was 0.93 using Cronbach,s alpha and its validity was examined by five university professors. All data were analysed by statistical technics using variance analysis (MANOVA) and t-test. Findings showed that all three above- mentioned research factors (cultural attitude of society, family and ICT development) were effective on increasing attendance of women in higher education institutions. Finally, some recommendations were offered including the need for continuing support of society leaders and higher education system in provision grounds for women scientific promotion.

Political participation is informed and voluntary matter which is done directly in legal and peaceful ways to effect on decision-makings related to society management, and now political participation as a political method has special practical benefits that it's lack damages to political improvement and government's longterm goals. Women have important role in political decision-makings as an effective group in participation and specially political participation. This investigation aiming at the study of the political participation of occupying women in education tries to find this group's participation and compare this participation extent in respect of marriage state, age, educational period, work history, education level, education field, religious beliefs, family, awareness and political skill.Used tool in this investigation is established questionary that has been provided in two parts of demographic features and questions in form of 5-degrees likert form. Permanent coefficient of questionary was estimated as 0.85.Occupying women in education office, district one, city of Shahrekord form the statistical society of investigation, and their numbers are more than 815 persons and among them, a class proportional to volume number of 342 persons were chosen randomly.Statistical analysis showed that studied woman's participation in political activities is very intermediate, and occupying women in cultural jobs have dedicated most answer average to themselves in grounds such as participation in parliment elections, obtain the information and political news and participation in walking. But in special political participation, they were less than average.In this investigation it became clear that religious awareness and political skills are of important factors in women's political participation, it is meant that in fact, as women's awareness and political skill increase, their political participation also increases. Educational document variable also is effective in studied occupying women's political participation. It is meant that as education document increases, political participation decreases.Occupying women in cultural jobs who have 51 years old and more and married persons and persons with income less than 200000 tomans have higher participation than others, but this difference is not meaningful.No meaningful relation was found between occupying women's political participation and variables such as educational field, work history, educational period and their residency.

The purpose of the present study was to predict factors of happiness in the Mobarekeh Steal Company personel. Subjects were consisted of 400 individuals who were randomly selected from stuffs (6200 individuals) of Mobarekeh Steal Company. The measures were consisted of Oxford Happiness Questionnaire and demographic questionnaire.The results of the Pearson correlation coefficient showed a significant relationship between personnel happiness with life satisfaction, optimism, family satisfaction, wife happiness, sport, job satisfaction, social relations, deep faith to God, art, studying, traveling, psychological problems, and history of physical illnesses (P<0.01).The results of stepwise regression showed that in total, life satisfaction, sport, optimism, wife happiness and history of psychiatric disorders of personnel significantly predicted 54% of their happiness.

This research is on the identification of influential factors in social bliss (as one of social development parameters). The studies collective showed us the strengthening of social bliss in society is not due a unitary cause. But a collection of individual and beyond individual factors such as feeling of deprivation, satisfaction, needs, acceptance by others, fair justice, the public environment of society, economic and social base, in are influential in the increase and decrease of bliss among individuals of society. From the methodological aspects, this research was conducted in descriptive and analytical (solidarity) way, and for the understanding of the social bliss related factors the multi-variable solidarity and regression levels tests. The study population included people aged between 15 and 65 residents in Tehran province, and the sample volume of the research is 2000 people. The results from the composite of the headings on the feeling of social bliss among the respondents indicates the feeling of bliss is low and very low among 18% of them, and 28% enjoy high levels of feeling of bliss. The findings show that the majority of the respondents only on average had a feeling of bliss (54%).The multi-variable regression indicates that initially the hope for the future variable has entered the equation. This variable could by itself determine 30% of the changes to the social bliss variables. With the entry of the next variable–fulfillment of emotional needs–on the regression model has added 15% to the determination multiplication, and the total determination multiplication is as a result of the existence of two variables of hope for the future and fulfillment of emotional needs reaches 47 percent. With the entry of the social acceptability variable to the regression model,66 % is added to the determination multiplication, which in total the three hope for the future, fulfillment of emotional needs, and social acceptability have managed to determine 537%of the changes in social bliss variable.

The aim of this article is to examination of the relation between acculturation stress and mental health in the town of Kermanshah. Nowadays, many people hoping to improve their own or their children’s life to have their own country on moving other places. They may face with the problem of the immigrants’ integration in the new place and the problem of how they can adapt themselves to the new environmental and cultural circumstances. When migrants encounter with a new cultural circumstances that differente from the native cultural. Face with more probability in adaptation with new culture the process of adaptation is stressful for them and consequently lead to mental disorders. In this paper the survey method is used and data were collected through structured questionnaire from 400 migrants who were selected randomly. The current research employs factor analysis to verify constract validity and to determine reliability, choronbach alpha is used. To test the hypotheses, Pearson correlation coefficient and analysis of variance were employed. Multiple regression and path analysis were used to assess the research model. According to the research findings, there is a significant relationship between the immigrants’ mental health and acculturation stress (r=0.74), acculturation in destination (r=0.11) and time stay (r=0.41). Regression results show that the five variables: acculturation stress (Beta=0.66), acculturation in destimation (Beta=0.18), education (Beta=0.22), and job conditions (Beta=0.095), marital statuse (Beta=0.096) and job conditions (Beta= 0.095).this variable explant 67 percent variation of dependent variable mental health (R2=0.67). In path analysis model, the five above-mentioned variable, have significant effect directly on dependent variable and other variable have an indirect effect on it.

Today, In order to create motivation and desirable behavior in employees, to obtain organizational goals, to increase human resources productivity and finally to achieve organizational excellence, top managers of organizations apply new and effective strategies. One of these strategies to achieve organizational excellence is creating desirable corporate culture. This research has been conducted to identify the path to reach organizational excellence by creating corporate culture according to the standards and criteria of organizational excellence. The result of the so-called research is this paper in which researchers found twenty models and components of corporate culture and based on the Industry, organizational goals and EFQM model developed a model called "The Eskimo model of Culture-Excellence". The method of the research is survey and field study and the questionnaires were distributed among 116 managers and employees. To assess the reliability of questionnaires, Cronbach alpha was measured to be 95% in the ideal situation and 0/97 in the current situation. Systematic sampling was done and in the pre-test stage 45 questionnaires were distributed. A comparison between the current and the ideal corporate culture based on the views of managers and employees was done and finally it has been concluded that corporate culture is the main factor to facilitate corporate excellence and success in order to achieve organizational effectiveness. The contribution of this paper is that it proposes a localized –applicable model of corporate excellence through reinforcing corporate culture.