JOURNAL OF TAXONOMY AND BIOSISTEMATICS
Year:2016 | Volume:8 | Issue:26|Papers Count:6

Mehroieh Wild Life Refuge with including of special variety of plants, elected for more investigation. For more complete studying, extent of area increased of primary area of 7000 ha to 15000 ha .This area is located in 65 km of north of Kahnuj city and is formed of plain, foothill, valleys and mountain. Drought period in area is 180 days from middle of May to middle of November. Based on developed de’ Martonne method, the climate is arid - deserted and warm. Range of altitude in this area is between 630 to 1200 m a.s.l.. 270 plant species is reported from this area. They are including 5 ferns, 1 gymnosperm and 260 angiosperms (211 dicotyledons, 43 monocotyledons). These species are belonging to 56 families and 194 genuses. Studying of life forms species by Raunkiaer method showed that, therophytes with 42% species and hemi cryptophytes with 25 % species are the most frequent life forms. Investigation of phytogeographic and endemism aspects showed that, of 38 endemic speciesof Iran and plateau of Iran, Asteraceae with 10 and Lamiaceae with 4 species are most important families. Saharo-Sindian with 23 % species; Irano-Touranian, Saharo-Sindian with 16.6% and Irano-Touranian with 15.5 % species are most important regions. Altogether, Saharo-Sindian elements had more influenced in this area. More frequent families such as Asteraceae, Poaceae, Amaranthaceae, Brassicaceae and life form of therophyt is indicated of desert area that, this accorded to results of other researches in these areas.

Evindin village is located in mountainous area (Kiamaki Mountain) in North of Marand town. The study area locates in north latitude 38o45’ 5.3˝- 38o 46’ 4.55˝ and east longitude 45o 50’ 47.63˝- 45 55’ 12.42˝. Collected plant samples (during the years 2013 to 2014) were identified based on taxonomy methods by different botanical sources and each one’s family, genus and species were determined. The result of this research showed that this area includes 26 family, 83 genera and 109 species. Identified plant species is included herbaceous plants, bushes, shrubs and trees from different heights of this area. Asteraceae with 18 species, Poaceae with 18 species, Lamiaceae with 16 species, Fabaceae with 10 species and Caryophyllaceae with 9 species respectively is accounted for the largest share of the species. Studying the biological spectrum of species showed that Hemicryptophytes with 56.9% is the dominant life form. The study of Chorology of area shows that 69.72% of the species are in Iran-Touran area. Also check chorology represents the area belongs to the region of Irano-Turanian species is 83.69%.

Oshtorankuh located in west of Iran with the highest peak of 4050 m (above sea level). The aim of this research was to identify the plant species, introducing the flora, determination of life forms, and geographical distribution in two peak of Oshtorankuh area. For this purpose, plant specimens were collected from different parts of this area between 3000 to 4050 m during two growing seasons 2009-2010. The plant biological spectrum of the studied area was plotted by means of life forms results. The position of the area within Iran’s phytogeography classification was studied based on geographical distribution data and references. From 82 identified species in the studied area, 76 dicotyledons and 6 monocotyledons were presented. These species belong to 27 families and 63 genera. The important families are Asteraceae, Lamiaceae and Fabaceae with 17.07%, 13.4% and 10.9%, respectively. Life forms of the plant species include Hemicryptophytes 67.07%, Chamaephytes 15.85%, Geophytes 9.76%, Therophytes 2.44%, Phanerophytes 2.44% and Parasite 2.44 %. 67 species (81.7%) were endemics of Irano-Turanian region; 23 species of them were endemics of Iran. Distribution of Astragalus shuturunkuhensis, A. lurorum, Cousinia khorramabadensis and Dionysia gaubae limited to Lorestan province.

In order to assess the genetic variation in Stachys accessions, an experiment was carried out in randomized block design with three replicates on 41 accessions including Ferydoonshahr (1), Damaneh (21), Gavkhoft (15), Semirom (4). According to analysis of variance significant differences were observed among all studied traits but not significant differences were observed among replications. Damaneh 20 had the highest amount of essential oil (3.37%) and Damaneh 17 possessed the lowest essential oil content (0.092%). According to factor analysis, the first factor explained 26% of variation. Wet weight, plant height and number of floret showed the highest values in this factor. Number of leaves in main branch and number of leaves in lateral branch had the highest value in the second Eigen. Cluster analysis classified 41 accessions in five major groups and they revealed high differences in wet weight, dry weight, day to flowering, days to fruit set, number of floret and essential oil yield. Finally, it would be possible to cross the elite genotypes from different clusters and select the best ones in order to introduce new cultivars with appreciable agronomic traits and the highest essential oil yield.

The genus Salsola is one of the largest plant genera that has spread worldwide. This genus belongs to the family of Chenopodiceae, which recently joined the family Amaranthaceae. In Iran, there are 41 species often grow in saline and arid country. Identification of Salsola species, for the morphological similarities among species, diverse habitats and strong apparent differences between young and mature plants, difficulted for Botanist In this invistegation with plant samples collectition from different parts of the province, detected from 19 species of Salsola 16 species, which there were one of the main elements of the vegetation ranges and for these samples preapered identification key. Important distinguish of seperated for the species, in these of key were related to 17 qualitative and quantitative traits from vegetative and reproductive structures. Quantitative traits were included such as leaves, perianth with wings, style, stigma, plant height and canopy cover and too quality traits included of growth form, the crack, leaf shape, leaf tip, leaf arrangement, the leaf base shape, type of inflorescence, flowering time, the perianth parts, status of wings of perianth and embryo shape. From among these species were 7 species of annual and 9 perennial species. The genus Salsola with have deep root systems, high osmotic pressure and water use efficiency of different life forms as an important forage crop in the arid lands and for cultivation in saline soils where other crops do not good produce or regions that irrigation carry out only with saline water can be important.

Plant biodiversity in central Zagros region is important from different aspects and has been in the research spotlight. In this study, flora of Mt. Sheet located in Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province, between Shahrekord and Saman cities, with 1.100 hectares and 2110 to 2660 meter elevation above sea level, is investigated. Results showed that the vegetation of this area consists of 204 species, 143 genera and 35 families. Asteraceae (31 species, 15.1 %), Brassicaceae (30 species, 14.7 %), Poaceae (19 species, 9.3 %) and Fabaceae (18 species, 8.8 %) were the most important families regarding the number of species. The largest genera were Astragalus (13 species), Euphorbia (8 species), Centraurea (7 species) and Scorzonera and Salvia (5 species each). Determination of Raunkiaer life-forms showed that 51 % of the species (104 species) were Hemicryptophytes, 28 % (57 species) were Therophytes, 15 % (30 species) were Cryptophytes, 5 % (11 species) were Chamaephytes and 1 % (2 species) Phanerophytes. 150 species (74 %) belonged to Irano-Turanian region, 19 species (9 %) to EuroSiberian-Mediterranean-IranoTuranian regions, 17 species (8 %) to EuroSiberian-IranoTuranian regions, and 17 species (8 %) to Mediterranean-IranoTuranian regions. According to available literature, 30 species were located in low risk class and one species as vulnerable. Conservation status of 173 species was reported as “Data Deficit” (class DD). Comparative evaluation of this flora and other 16 floras in this region showed the presence of 17 unreported species from this region, and the multivariate analyses of presence/absence data determined the relative position of this flora among other floras in this region and further divided the floras into two clusters. Our results showed also the application of multivariate analyses in floristic studies.