KNOWLEDGE & RESEARCH IN APPLIED PSYCHOLOGY
Year:2017 | Volume:17 | Issue:4 (66)|Papers Count:22

This study aimed to investigate the effect of specific recall training on recovery of symptoms of postpartum depression of women in Tehran. The research used a quasi-experimental study with a pretest-posttest design with the control group. The population consisted of 315 women seeking postpartum care in Tehran. Non-probability sampling was used to select the participants. The sample, then, included 30 women of whom 15 received 7 sessions of specific recall training and 15 were in the control group. The Edinburgh Depression Scale Questionnaire (1987) was administered. To analyze the data, analysis of covariance was applied. The results showed that treatment based on the specific recall training has significant effect on recovery of symptoms of postpartum depression (P<0.005).

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between attachment styles and positive/negative perfectionism, anger, and emotional adjustment of students. The research was a correlationl study. The population consisted of all graduate students of University of Ardabil in 2013. From among them, 234 students were sampled using random sampling. The research tools consisted of Hazan and Shaver Adult Attachment Scale (1987), Terry-short, et. al. Positive and Negative Perfectionism Scale (1995), Rezakhani Anger Control questionnaire (2010) and Raynolds Emotional Adjustment questionnaire (2001). The data were analyzed through Pearson’s correlation coefficients and multiple linear regression. The results of multiple linear regression indicated that insecure attachment styles (avoidant, ambivalent) could only predict negative perfectionism and ambivalent attachment style could predict anger (P<0.05). On the other hand, secure attachment styles (avoidant and ambivalent) could predict emotional adjustment (P<0.05). Attachment patterns can determine many behaviors, emotions and adults’ relations. They are necessary for personality growth and are the base for mental health. The results of this study emphasize the importance of interaction in childhood, its effect on the growth and mental health in adulthood, and can be the background for counseling.

The purpose of this study was to explore the role of the spiritual modeling self-efficacy, perception of Parent's religiousness and personality traits in predicting student's religiousness. The research was descriptive and correlational. The population consisted of all bachelor students of Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz. Through randomized multistage sampling, 200 students were selected as the sample. Data gathering was done by Azarbayjani Religiousness questionnaire (2003), Oman & et al Spiritual Modeling Self-efficacy Scale (2012) and Ashton and Lee HEXACO Personality Scale (2009). The data was analyzed via step by step multiple regression. In general, results showed that religiousness is predicted by spiritual modeling self-efficacy, perception of Parent's religiousness and personality traits (honesty-humility and Conscientiousness) (P<0.01). By nurturing recommended personality traits and by strengthening spiritual modeling self-efficacy, religious parents pave the way for their children’s religiosity.

The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of Cognitive-Behavioral Couple Therapy (CBCT) and acceptance and commitment couple therapy on conflicting couple’s marital intimacy in Isfahan. A quasi-experimental design with pretest, posttest and control group was used. The population included all conflicting couples who were referred to consultation centers in Isfahan. The sampling method was voluntary. 90 individuals (couples) were put into three groups (30 each) of cognitive-behavioral couple therapy, acceptance and commitment couple therapy and the control group. Both the two experimental groups received 12 ninety-minute sessions of therapy once a week. The study instrument was Couples’ Intimacy Questionnaire (Oliya et al.,2009). The results of covariance analysis revealed that cognitive-behavioral couple therapy and acceptance and commitment couple therapy made significant changes in the marital intimacy at the posttest stage (P<0.05). Further, the results of Bonferroni’s follow-up test implied that there is no significant difference between the degree of the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral couple therapy and acceptance and commitment couple therapy on marital intimacy . According to the results, cognitive-behavioral couple therapy and acceptance and commitment couple therapy made significant changes in marital intimacy and there was no significant difference between the effectiveness of these two therapeutic methods. The results of this study provide experimental support for both therapies in order to increase marital intimacy.

The purpose of this research was to investigate the effectiveness of music therapy on general health of post-traumatic stress disorder (P.T.S.D) veterans. The research design is semi-experimental with pre-test post-test and a control group. The population also included all post-traumatic stress disorder (P.T.S.D) veterans of Isfahan in 2013. In so doing, 60 veterans with post-traumatic stress disorder (P.T.S.D) were selected through convenience sampling and assigned to two groups of control and experimental randomly (30 each). The research tool for data collection was the Goldberg General Health questionnaire (1972). Music Therapy intervention was done for 12 weeks for the experimental group and the control group did not have any intervention. Data were analyzed by ANCOVA and Mann-Whitney U analysis. The results showed that music therapy intervention had a significant effect on general health of post-traumatic stress disorder (P.T.S.D) veterans in post test (P<0.05).

The purpose of the study was to specify factors that influence happiness in Veterans. The research design was descriptive and correlational. All of the veterans in iran in 2012 were the population in this research. From among them, 1135 veterans from 10 provinces were selected based on stratified quota sampling. Then, they completed Argyle Oxford Happiness Inventory (1995), the Big Five Inventory of John, Donahue and Kentle (1991), a researcher-made Noferesti Intentional Activity Scale (2012) and the demographic questionnaire. Data were analyzed using stepwise multiple regression analysis. Findings showed that the most important factors in happiness were: neuroticism, extroversion, intentional activities, physical health and income (P<0.0001).

The main aim of this research was to predict job performance and organizational creativity by internal and external stressors among Shiraz Telecommunication Company employees. The research method was descriptive - correlational. The population consists of all administration staffs of Shiraz Telecommunication Company (422 people). From among them, 201 cases were selected using stratified random sampling. The research instruments were standardized questionnaires including Cohen and Williamson stress scale (1998), Alves, Faerstein & Werneck Job Stress Scale (2004), McColl, Paterson, Davies, Doubt & Law Job Performance Scale (2000) and Ivancevich & Matteson Creativit Scale (1990). Multiple regression method was used to analyze the collected data. Overall, the findings showed that external and internal organizational stressors are able to predict 64% of employee’s performance (P<0.01). Also, external and internal organizational stressors are able to predict 80% of employee’s creativity (P<0.01).

The purpose of current study was to predict specific domains of hope based on attachment styles. The research design was correlational. The population consisted of all newcomers to Bu-Ali University of Hamedan in 2011-12. From among them, 250 were selected by multistage random sampling. Then, they attended the research instruments namely, Hazan and Shaver Adult Attachment Styles Questionnaire (1987) and Sympson Adult Domain-Specific Hope Scale (1999). The data was analyzed by structural equation modeling. Results showed that secure attachment style positively and significantly predicted each of five specific domains of hope (i.e. social relationship, academic, family life, occupation, and leisure time); but avoidant attachment style did not have any significant relationship with them. Furthermore, ambivalent attachment style could just predict family life of domain specific hope negatively and significantly. These results show that hope increase in individuals should be considered by their attachment styles since it needs to be taken place within certain specific domains of hope in order to avoid any further problems and to facilitate the efficacy of hope-inducing properties.

The purpose of this research was to provide a comprehensive model of the determinants of online shopping behavior based on site quality. This research was descriptive and Applied Survey. The populaition of research was M.A students with entrance of 1393 in Yazd University. 212 sample were chosen based on Cochran formula and by classes sampling. The data collection instrument was questionnaire. data analysis was performed by little squares and by helping of Smart Pls2/0 and Amos23 softwares. Findings showed that technical, appearance and content quality of website Positive affect intention to internet purchase (P<0.05).

The purpose of this study was to elicit the effect of selected traditional games on reducing symptoms of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder of primary school students. This was a quasi-experimental research using a pre-test and post-test with control group design. The population was primary school students (7 to 12 years old) in Mashhad who was enrolled in the first semester 2015-2016. Then, 40 students with symptoms of attention deficit/impulsivity disorder according to DSM-V from 4 male and female schools were selected and randomly divided into two groups. Subjects were evaluated before and after local games intervention with teacher’s edition children symptom inventory-4. The data were analyzed with Pearson coefficient correlation and ANCOVA. Results showed that the effect of selected traditional games on reducing attention deficit and hyperactivity symptoms in children was significant (p<0.001). Therefore, traditional games could be exploited as an effective method of reducing the symptoms of children with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorders.

The aim of this study was to predict the role of personality traits in predicting imposter and depression symptoms among delinquent high school girls. The sample consisted of 220 girls who were selected by available random sampling from among delinquent high school girls in Isfahan Juvenile Detention Centers in 2014-15.The data collection tools were Costa and McCrea Big Five-Factor Personality Inventory (1992), Clans Imposter Phenomenon Scale (1978) and Beck's Depression Questionnaire (1990). Data were analyzed through step regression at p< 0.001 level of significance. The results by step regression analysis indicated the role of neuroticism, extraversion and conscientiousness in the prediction of imposter; and neuroticism and extraversion in the prediction of depression. By using the personality traits of delinquent juveniles it's possible to predict their imposter and depression and prevent them from being affected by these conditions.

The purpose of this study was to compare the self-esteem and resilience between blind and sighted subjects in Isfahan. It was a causal-comparative study. The population consisted of all 20 to 40 year-old blinds with high school diploma living in Isfahan in spring 2015. From among them, 60 persons (30 males and 30 females) were selected through convenience sampling method. Then, 60 sighted subjects were matched in terms of level of education, sex and age. Research tools included Rozenberg Self-esteem questionnaire (1965) and Connor-Davidson Resiliency questionnaire (2003). Data were analyzed through variance analyses. The results showed that there were no significant differences between sighted and blind subjects on resiliency but there was a significant difference between the two groups on self-esteem (P<0.05).