LANGUAGE RELATED RESEARCH (COMPARATIVE LANGUAGE AND LITERATURE RESEARCH)
Year:2010 | Volume:1 | Issue:1|Papers Count:9

This research intends to present a new pattern for providing the summary of judicial verdicts in a plain legal language. Further to linguistic analysis of the judicial verdicts, a new pattern, namely Khallaq Pattern, is introduced, by which we can produce the final summary of written judgments, including the key expressions and macro phrases of the original text, through five separate stages and in plain legal language. The linguistic corpus of the research contains 50 written judgments with both penal and legal subjects that are analyzed through the content analysis method, as a type of Descriptive-Analysis method. After implementation of the verdicts (linguistic corpus) in the Khallaq Pattern, in order to evaluate the comprehensibility and comprehensiveness of the attained summary in comparison with the relevant original text, two qualitative methods, i.e. “Comparative Study” and “Focus Group”, are employed accordingly. The obtained results indicated that the verdicts’ summary produced through the said pattern include the key expressions and elements of the original text. Further, it is more comprehensive than the main written judgment.

Orientalists who were pioneers in making the eastern cultures known contributed greatly to the Orientalism, the world of literature and the art of the eastern people. This phenomenon had a scientific, comparative and academic ring in the 19 and 20th centuries. Pioneer of the school of Romanticism, poet and French writer in the 19th century, Victor Hugo, managed to tease out all the oriental concepts by probing them into the translations and writings of orientalists especially the Iranian poets and writers such as Saa’di, Hafiz and Zoroasterian rituals and included them into his historical and epic poems. The imaginative mind that Hugo employs in depicting the beauty of art and the eastern traditions attracts the modern reader to the thoughts of Ahura Mazdâ just as it did the 19th reader. In this paper, we will try to open up a new horizon in the imaginative world and the analysis of Hugo’s deep thoughts of history, society and humanity, through showing his influence of Zoroasterian thoughts, eastern art and culture and the poets and creators of literary masterpieces in Persian language.

Nowadays, the neurolinguistic PNL takes advantage of the allegoric stories as an effective tool in training and evolution of the human perception by concentration on unconscious language (visual, listening, kinesics, touching and tasting). Reference to allegory is generally a real tale or mimesis, somehow long and well-thought, helping the addressee by establishment of association of ideas and outcome to create a change in his/her mental and intellectual status. But considering a special condition guarantees profitability of the allegoric story. The procedure for making a story in accordance with the mental and inner needs of the addressee, the expression means and effect of tale narration in incomplete story for motivating the unconscious cooperation of the addressee is all dealt with as the main and principal themes of present script.

In this article, we are about to pass through the isolated macro- and micro- signes or a collection of them to get beyond the signes where they interact with each other and further to get to a discourse reading. Therefore, we sum up this narration into its compounding elements to find out how meaning appears in this story. We believe that “Little Prince” is a narration that includes a coherent structure, from which a unique meaning can be retrieved. That`s why we want to know why such a cohesion of meaning and interaction exists between the elements? Why the structure of this story is recurrent, nested and successive? And why the speaker looks after an induction of various structures?

This article is concerned with the kind of changes which may occur in different semantic layers and information structure of marked structures in the process of translation from English into Persian. By marked structures, in this research, we mean the structures like thematic equalize, inverted (reversed) structures and structures, in which we have a kind of proposing. Theoretically, it is based on Halliday's Systematic Functional Grammar, and semantic changes of the translated marked structures have been analyzed according to the three main metafunctions (experiential, interpersonal and textual) of this grammar. The required data of were extracted from ten English books, translated into Persian. This article shows that some changes occur in different semantic layers and information structure of the marked structures, some of which are inevitable, but many of them are preventable. It also shows that free word order of Persian provides the language with many structural tools to express the meaning of marked structures.

Using of language skills has long been among the most conspicuous weak points of learners of Arabic language as a foreign language. By interviewing some professors and experts of Arabic language teaching, a number of topics were recognized as worthy to be investigated further as sources of weakness. These topics include “sources of boredom and tiredness of students in learning Arabic language”, “the appropriateness of existing instructional materials”, the appropriateness of the teaching methods”, “the sources of students motivation”, “ the effect of teaching methods on motivating students” in general and “ the appropriateness of methods for teaching listening” in particular. A researcher made questionnaire was used to elicit the viewpoints of students and professors regarding each of the above-mentioned topics. The results indicated that learners of Arabic language are not de-motivated but bored and tired due to the overall teaching context, in which they are learning this foreign language. Among the major sources of this boredom are “inappropriate teaching methods”, inappropriate instructional materials” and “inappropriate techniques in teaching listening comprehension”.

Speech (discourse) in presence or absence depends on “Meaning”. The existence of “meaning” is an obvious issue in the viewpoint of logic and wisdom. The duty of readers is to remove the barriers and get the meaning, which is in the framework of signs. There are different effective factors in the process of meaning finding. Text, authors and readers are the main factors in this process. The share of each depends on the type of interlocutor’s view and his/her theoretical basics. This article tries to study basics.

Khayam’s reflection has wonderful existence in modern poetry making him a universal poet. His particular view to death and life has special reflection in modern Persian and Arabic poems. Perhaps modern world disturbances and disorders were the basic causes of approaching Khyam’s death reflection.Salah Abdolsaboor and Nader Naderpoor are two poets who concerned life destructive phenomenon (i.e., death) and devoted considerable amounts of their poems to this subject. Comparison of their poems shows that both of them have been inspired by one stream and influenced by Khayam’s death-escaping view. They combined it with the ancient meanings of Iranian Sufism and Existentialism.