JOURNAL OF STYLISTIC OF PERSIAN POEM AND PROSE (BAHAR-E-ADAB)
Year:2013 | Volume:6 | Issue:1 (19)|Papers Count:27

Azerbaijani poetry rhetorical device style, very broad, innovative and versatile; faces fantasy genre in the Azerbaijani poetry intertwined, narrow-sighted, and different, the tendency of many poets of this style of innovation and new pictures form, a nested.This article examines the interests and strategies of Azerbaijani poets style and its effect on the creation of imaginary statements in light of developments era of Persian poetry, are explored.

Meaning comes from structure, subtitaion and syntaetic relations espesially syntaetic strategies are effective ways of creating meaning and spreading of it. Because of this,different sentances like emotional, statement, questional imprative make for transfering ideas and it can be investigated pragmatically. meaning in many cases, pragmatics purpose his studing of hidden meanings, the meanings that addressee reach to word situation with discovering of relations.according the pragmatics theory a sentence can has diffrent roles linguistics in diffrent contexts, Which called it semantic - pragmatic role and this point grammer, struction and meaning join and diffrent sentence pragmatig like questional sentenee is debated.Sa’adi shirazi sonnets is brilliant manifestation of language joining in structure and meaning and this purpose appears with use of varied sentens for different intentions.thus, the question for this article is that, what is the scope of use of questional sentence in sa’adi’s sonnets? he mixed his speech with feeling through using of necessity questional sentence, specially unnecessity and by deceraling of this sentences and To eloquence ways, he appeared some purpose like emphasis, disability, blame, pretending ignorance, surprise, encouragement in the most beautiful Structures and by mixing of structural and meaning and language and eloquence elements and deeply increase the influence of speach and creating of literal pleasure and This is one of the secnets of beauty in structure and meaning of sa’adi’s poet and cause of influence and poem spreading of his sonnets.

Athir-o-ddin Omani's Collection of poetry is a valuable work in the all field of literary investigation such as: Methodology, although it is between the two Korasani and Iraqi styles and it is also contemporary to Azerbaijani school.In this essay we try to consider his style from the two Conceptual and Literary aspects. Therefore, at first we will give you a summary of the poet's Life, his Creativity, and Methodology. Then we will consider his style in three Linguistic, Theoretical, and Literary areas.The Poetical work of Athir is a window for further acquaintance with the late sixth and early seventh C.styles and also the introduction of his personal stylistic features.

Concerning the flourish of panegyric and courtly poetry, Ghaznavid period is a turning point in Persian Literature. The whole panegyric of this period, originating in literary taste and talent of the poets of this era, represents their worldviews and their intellectual and philosophical reflections. Thus, by analyzing the themes recurrent in panegyric of Ghaznavid period we can benefit from recognizing the mentalities and beliefs of the poets of this era.This research is an attempt to study Farrokhi Sistani, Onsori Balkhi, Manouchehri Damghani-as the three prominent stylistic poets of panegyric in Ghaznavid period-from the intellectual and conceptual aspects as well as to compare and contrast them.This research is an inquiry in to the intellectual aspects of panegyric in Ghaznavid period. Generally speaking, panegyrists of this period endeavor to elevate the praised object in a closed circle of repetitive words and images; they employ hyperboles so excessively, in some instances, as to make difficult the credibility of the praised objects.

Although Shahriyar is a classical poet, he has brought some innovations in language and literal images. One of the most important features of Shahriyar’s poetry is the usage of new words as well as slang words. The question is to identify the influence of using these words in literal arrays such as puns. This research, pun in Shahriyar's lyrics, answers this question by investigating all the puns existing in Shahriyar's lyrics, the most important part in his poetry. The results show that approximately a quarter of puns are the same as the repeated and cliched ones, used in Iraqi style, with no innovation. However, the statistical survey shows that in 75 percent of puns, some kind of originality is detectable. Shahriyar's innovation is remarkable; thus, it can be introduced as a features of his style.

“Wine” and “wine drinking” have always been one of the highly frequent subjects in Persian literature. This topic, in the first literary period, from a stylistic point of view and, in the next period, from functions and its frequency in the creation of style and literary traditions is a subject of discussion and study.In this paper, the author tries to compare and contrast between twelve poets of three successive periods (4th, 5th, 6th century) about the application of this subject and the poets’ approaches towards this subject, its transformation, and gradual going out of one style and entering other style in poetry of those poets.This change, that at first stems from the poets’ thinking, slowly appears in language and expression. Based on the instances, we see a change in lingual and literary application and also in the outlook on this subject such as other literary elements and topics.Poetical texts are the references for this paper. The major poets of each period have been considered. These poets are:4thcentry: Rudaki (329), Daqiqi (369), Kasaii (391), Ferdowsi (409).5thcentry: Farrokhi (429), Minuchehri (432), FakhreddinAsadGorgani (446), Asadi (465).6thcentry: Sanaii (521-542), Anvari (583), Khaghani (595), Nizami (614).

in the opinion of scholars in rhetorics” concient is one of the embelishents that shows every unreal phenomenon specially images and other literary subjects.” Nezamodin Astarabad’s special attention to celestial phenomena have caused Beautiful lyricism to see him in Court: Dawn described, Sunset, Crescent, Galaxy.Poet with special skills could will benefit from expressive andinnovative techniques. And create exquisite images of ordinary matter. Concient and ironic metaphor (personification) of thearray is considered.

Abd al-Rahman Jami is the best poet of the ninth century Eg., and his molamma'at, in which he mixed his taste and his skills, are among the most graceful ones of Persian literature.This article briefly tries to analyze various quantitative and qualitative aspects of Jami’s molamma'at: quantitative aspects such as the number and percentage of molamma'at, the diversity of their rhymes. The qualitative aspects such as: the structure, the use of literary techniques such as citation, oath, prayer, exvanie (letters of friendship), the harmony between the form and the content and use of the most common figures of speech such as adoption (from Koranic verses), and different types of simile and paronomasia. In order to estimate correctly the importance of Jami’s molamma’at, we have cited the best examples of this poetic genre composed by Sa’di and Hafez in which the above mentioned techniques are observable. In this way, we have tried to show that molamma’at of Jami, from the point of view of the formation of Arabic hemistiches and the contextual relationship with the Persian hemistiches and musical harmony, are more valuable than the previous examples.

This article is mainly about one of Khayyam’s quatrains. The writers of the article believe that the new reading by them is closer to what Khayyam really intended to convey. The quatrain is: “There is a cup which wisdom praises it, Kisses is with kindness hundreds of times, this potter of the times, why should make and break this subtle cup.” In our new reading it is: There is a cup made by the wisdom maker. To prove it some facts and elements have been considered.

The history of symbolism indicates that any subject can reach the value of symbol, provided that suitable space and field for expansion an infinity of its meaning should be available. In literature symbol is one of the images that is the most dynamic and influential type of images, and according to its polysemy character causes the extension and dynamism of the poem universe. Given the importance of symbolism in modern poem and its place in under landing the meaning and concept intended by the poet, in this paper we follow this question that in what methods the symbolism in modern poem is done? By the study and analysis of some poets of modern poem and comparing their symbols, it was clear that the symbols in the context of modern poem are used in three ways: (Micro-symbol, Macro- symbol, Organic-symbol) and among them, the organic-symbol is specify related to modern poem.

One of the most important aspects of recognizing any poet's style is studying his imitation from former poets. In history of Persian literature, the more literature establishment passes, the obvious imitation of poets from former ones it is. This develops in nine century's poem due to failing Persian poetry in innovation and relative stagnancies governing literature and because of the excessive attention of poets to their formers, Ebn Hesam khousfi (875), a distinguished and shia poet of ninth century, is one of those poets following khorasani and Iragi poets especially in sonnet and ode and a great deal of his creativeness has been reflected through this way. Evaluation of amount and the way poet get influence from former poet's style is the topic of the present paper. this paper shows that one of priorities of Ebn Hesam in his composing is meditating in style of former poets Like Roudaki, Ferdowsi, Naser Kkosro, Masoud sa'd, khayam, sanaei, Anvari, Zaheir faryabi, khagani, Nezami, Atar, kamaledin Esmaeel, movlavi, fakhrodin Aragi, sa'di, Hsan kasha, khaju, salman, Hafiz and Katebi Neishabouri and his imitation in more in rhyme, rwo, theme and sometimes using their poems in his tents.

Apostrophe is one of the literary methods and technique of which meaning is not only limited to transfer of pronoun from third person to second person and vice versa but also this technique includes any irregular change in status and vertical axis of the poem. This research intends to mention linkage between this literary technique and some features of Indian style such as equation method, theme analysis and polysemy in literature considering semantic expansion of Apostrophe. Result of the research shows that a kind of Apostrophe- semantic conversion-is consistent with the mentioned features of Indian style son that one can include equation method, iqal and Apostrophe in one group and regard Apostrophe technique as one of the factors of linkage and cohesion of apparently scattered literature of Indian lyric poem. Therefore, Apostrophe is one of the features of Indian style and increase of text cohesion is regarded as one of its eloquence functions.

Mystic interpretation of “Hadayeghol haghayegh” by Moeinoddin Farahi Heravi Knows as Molla Meskin who died in 908 A.H., is one of the best Quaranic interpretations in late 9th and early 10th century. This book like “Jameosettin interpretation” is one of the rarest interpretations which has just interpreted one of the Quaran’s ‘Sura Yusuf’.Criticizm of prose interpretation of “Hadayeghol haghayegh” along with the analysis of the author’s mystic attitude on his language, is the subject of this research. The approach of this research in prose interpretation is based on the structure-oriented stylistics. After brief introducing of the author, the text and stating some general parts regarding the style of the discussed era, the interpretation text of “Hadayeghol haghayegh” is analyzed from 2 perspectives: language, - literature,- language and literary level. In language level, the text is analyzed in 3 areas of phonetic, lexical and syntax. In literary level, stating and analyzing of imagery and also rhetorical elements are considered.

Sannent is one of poem forms which that is changed during time; such as narrative of the story in it. Since these sonnents are very difficult because the poet intended induce to addressee three means of the sonnent of saying story and poeting synchronously. In this research, we tried with examination of the story styly route in Sanaee and Attar̓s sonnent-stories show that 1) Lyric format with its limitation to verses number in result of afew apportunity for saying story we can addition to its components, included of the story and narrative. 2) Sansee is one pioneer this type of lyricahlly, but he was not sarious in this way. 3) Attar used of the story in sonnents and his stories-sonnent is best sonnent type. 4) Style, different and similarities of Attar and Sannaee stories- sonnent. 5) Specification such as structural integrity and bond in vertical axis of the poem and pacility of accessing to contents, better relation with addressee and more effect on he and be exhibitaning of the poem and the stoty applications in this type of sonnents.

Ministry has been one of the most important posts in the history of governance In Iran.This position has gone through changes due to different conditions and situations; moreover, different governments have added rules related to their own circumstances to it.For instance during the Islamic era, Islamic rules and regulations were added to it and caused the post to have an Islamic appearance.All During the history, Ministry Has been examined as a governmental position from the political and religious point of view. With the main focus on community statute of ministries as one of the texts examining the Ministry, the present study will consider the stylistic, historical characteristics and the ideas mentioned in these texts.

The prominent scientist and poet Abdossamad Hussein bin Sheikh shamsoddin jabal Ameli known as Sheikh -e - Bahai who was one of the scarce people of Safavi period and one of the elders of Shiites world. Along his valuable works he has left poem with technical and literary features in two Arabic and Persian language. the sheikh"s poetry is the view all mirror of his schism and religious ideas. At the end the schism elements which have influenced on sheikh bahai"s poetry and prose are left for interested readers by columnar diagrams and analytical statistics.This research wants to answer these questions:-stylistically, how is using express styles, word systems and speech melody, in Sheike Bahai "s Arabic and Persian poetry?-how is Bahai "s imagery in his odes?- how is statistical variance of schism elements in Sheike Bahai "s Arabic and Persian poetry?

The late Ali Akbar Dehkhoda and team spent many years compiling the most comprehensive English language dictionary. But the extent of the work was that despite careful compilation of frequency dictionaries are used; Ayradty it comes on. Among other things, issues relating to the sentiments Sana'i father and his poems in the dictionary. In this paper we want to investigate the circumstances of the poet's biography and literary history books about this dictionary to achieve the accuracy of the text.Another issue discussed is the incorporation of some lines of evidence Sana'i Mashhad poetic lyrics Sana'i Ghaznavi is dictionaries. In this poem the poet is trying Hakim Sanai Court and Court Khwaja Hussain Mashhadi Sana'i Ngarndh article that recently completed its correction may be specified.

Mehdi Hamidi Shirazi one of the most corporate traditional poeticin self- poetic rhyme, the most acceptable the which of its Persian poem styles and which of poets?Before reply to this question, described summarizes of its livingpoet case to followers introduce at first. After point to the research former, Hamidi Shirazi effect, checable than most important korasani, Araghi and Azarbaijani styles. The most important Hamidi effect for discussion ode variety meaning and lovely society and moral and essences describethan classic poetic, is blong to poetic able in scopes like: speech music, rhyme, rhymed, vocabulary, compound, allusions, reputahion style (method), thinks level, archaeology, poetical ambition and style cases.

The greatest task of men of literature is retaining cultural heritage and the worthwhile treasures which have enriched Persian literature in the form of poetry and prose. Revising, explaining, and publicizing literary works are among the most important tasks of the guardians of science and literature. Through the attempts of previous knowledgeable figures in literature, some of the works have been revised and made available in purified forms to literature enthusiasts, while some have remained untouched in the form of their original manuscripts. Even if there is a revision, revising the works due to some reasons including the carelessness of the previous revisers or their not having the old copies available seems necessary. Amongst the given works, the ones by Amir Khosrow Dehlavi - the poet of seventh and eighth centuries Hegira may be mentioned.The present study has dealt with the method of correction, mentioning manuscripts, handwriting and the poet’s writing style of the revised work as well as its stylistic features in linguistic, literary, and ideological areas. The linguistic area considers some important issues including verb usage, constructing and using noun phrases as well as the position of adjectives and their abundant use. In literary level three notions of semantics, rhetoric, and diction have been taken into consideration. In the realm of ideology some of the poet’s interests in the ideas of Sufism as well as in the law of Islam have been mentioned.

Holding mirror is a way of giving information or unveiling events in a way which some shades of significant forthcoming events before happening will be represented in a literary work and as a result forms some expectations in reader.One of the major novelties of Ferdousi in developing his plots is holding mirror which contributes to deep reading of his book and shows that Shahnameh (The Book of Kings) is not a mere verse. Then, it is needless to say that Ferdousi selects a number of techniques which make it both simple and complicated.Though there are a few resources about such topic, holding mirror, it is tried to read the text fully and some related researches to set the scene for more analysis and proving the hypothesis. The data gathered is based on library research and descriptive-analytic method.In sum, Ferdousi employs holding mirror and other related techniques which can be classified under the same topic. Such techniques are employed in a way to help reader to guess or anticipate ending of story.

Tale and story has been very important and effective in converting the Message to the readers From the ancient times.The name of Kelileh & Demna in Indian word is" Panchatantra" which was translated in Pahlavi By Borzouyeh Tabib.Kelileh & Demna had much influence in persian lliterature such ad prose and verse.For example:Moulana in the Mathnavi has inspired at least from three stories from Kelileh,such as; 1: the story Of lion and rabbit; 2: the king of elephant and mission of rabbit. 3: Three Intelligent fish and semi Intelligent and the third unwise with fishermen and with artistic sense homogeneity of discussion And his particular inferences has dealt with them in raising moral mystic issues.He lead his addresses to mystic issues with inspiration from afformentioned stories.The present story deals with the quality of this issue.

The present paper is a stylistic comparative study of the similes in Ferdowsi’s Shahnameh and Asadi Tousi’s Garshaspnameh from a literary and ideological point of view. The study’s approach however includes a sociological view that is unavoidably associated with issues related to aesthetics, social psychology and culture. The findings demonstrate that the most important distinction that gives superiority to Ferdowsi’s similes is their appropriateness and equilibrium resulting in an agreement between form and content or genre, as well as organic coherence, simile collections and units in Shahnameh. Also is the similes’ being in harmony with most of Iranians’ taste and thoughts. The findings of the study provide an answer to the question of superiority and popularity of Shanhnameh over other Persian epic poems especially Garshaspnameh.

The Analysis of didactic literature in terms of intellectual style is important, because it reflects the author's approach to ethical issues. In this study, four works in the didactic literature before Mowlavi - Qabusnamh, Resale Qoshyrie, kimiyaye sa’dat and akhlage naseri - compared Masnavi has been studied. To this end, a bad temper - greed and avarice - was selected for the case study. The results show that in comparison to other books that focus on the individual and social aspects or focus on reward and punishments of the Hereafter, Mowlavi's fascination with the complexities of the psyche and carnal desires, has examined various aspects of greed. According to complexity of human spirit and attraction of sensual desire, Mowlavi is analyzing the different aspects of greed. He considers greed as the obstacle in perception of intuitive experiences.In comparison of other didactic works that emphasize on individual and social aspects or afterlife, Mowlavi knows that the avoid of greed as the way toward gnosis.

Obeid Allah Khishaky Cheshti is one of the persian language writers in Indian sub continent. Bahr al-Ferasat book is one of his prose works which is written in explanation and commentary of Hafiz of shiraz. In this paper has tried in detail to consider innovation in describing some verses and also comparing it with descriptions and ambiguous bilateral reading of some lines which the writer of the book has written to be alluded.

Styles of shortness are important chapters in rhetoric and miracles of Quran are grouped in rhetoric. The term of short0ness is confining one thing inside another thing. In Arabic literature, these arrangements happen in different forms and we can see it in different forms in holy Quran. In this article with the topic of (investigations of shortness in the first eight sections of Quran with Persian examples), it has been tried to investigate different forms of shortness such as adjective to real and additional substantive and vice versa, and its division according to addressed person’s belief i.e., type of determination, individuals, and inversion with Persian examples and complete explanation. It can be said that in this article, first eight sections of Quran has been investigated according to their shortness arrangement briefly. We can understand that the mentioned styles have been used in different purposes such as: denial, confession, direction, reprimand, encouragement, etc. It is understood that inverted shortness has been mentioned more than other kinds of shortness. The other finding is that there is no shortness of substantive to real adjective in holy Quran.