Year:2006 | Volume:19 | Issue:1 (70 IN ANIMAL AND FISHERIES SCIENCES)|Papers Count:17

Toxoplasmosis is a parasitic disease, which may change some laboratory indices in infected individuals. This study was conducted to determine hematological indices of blood of rats which experimentally infected with Toxoplasma gondii. In this regard, 116rats were divided into two groups of 87 test and 29 control groups. The test group inoculated intraperitoneally with 50000 tachyzoites. In the first 3 days of post infection, every 4 hours and then every 3 days for 60 days, three rats from test group and one rat from control group were bled. For hematological (CBC and platelet count) tests standard techniques were used. Results indicated that in infected rats the percentage of white blood cells was increased from 2nd to 4th and 7th to10th days of post infection. On the other hand, the percentage of neutrophil increased from 2nd to 5th days, while the percentage of lymphocyte was decreased up to 3 weeks. The percentage of eosinophil has not affected. Generally, during experimental infection of rat with toxoplasmosis temporary and nonspecific alteration of some hematological indices may occur. The alteration mainly is due to the parasite migration to the various tissues of the animal and it shift to the normal condition following cyst formation in brain or muscles.

During carrying out the research cruise of stock assessment of demersal resources in Summer 2003 (using bottom trawl for sampling), some samples of Parascolopsis baranesi (Russell & Golani, 1993) from the Nemipteridae family were found. The samples were caught during trawl samplings in depths of 68 to 102 meters and restricted to the areas of 58o 55' E (Meydani) to 61o 25' E (G water bay).Two specimens of this fish with code identification number OFRC 0036 and OFRC 0037 with 97.1 and 107.8 mm standard length respectively are deposited in Offshore Fisheries Research Center - Chabahar. Also, one specimen has been registered in the museum and art gallery of Australia with the registration number NTM S.15736-001.This species was reported for the first time in the Aqaba Gulf in 1993 and the geographical dispersion of this species was exclusively in the North of the Red Sea. This report is the second fishing place in the world and there is no previous record in other area.

The abundance and distribution of phytoplanktons of Bahoo-Kalat estuary at southeast of Iran were studied from December 1996 to November 1997. Samples were collected from different depths of 8 statios with 1 Lit. Nansen water sampler The mean yearly density of phytoplankton was 8825±1955.The minimal and maximal monthly densities were sequencely observed in December and October, significantly different from the other months by HSD Tukey test. Concentration of phytoplankton in stations 4 to 7 was more than the other stations without any significant different between the stations by HSD Tukey test, and between different depth layers with t-test. Phytoplankton abundance was greatly increased from Winter to pre-monsoon, monsoon and post-monsoon. Bloom of Gloeotrichia was seen in October at the ending of monsoon. Monsoon probably has a great influence on the distribution and abundance of phytoplanktons of Bahoo-Kalat estuary.

The present experiment evaluated the effect of density on weight gain and feed conversion ratio (FCR) for rainbow trout in concrete ponds, with use of aeration and well water. Density rates were 44, 62, 76 and 95 Fish/m2, with an average weight 18±3 gr. and two replicates for 135 days. Aeration carried out by an air blower set into the water from ponds floor. The results showed, 44 (as control density) and 62 Fish/m2 significantly (p<0.05) caused higher weight gain (167.6 and 165.25 g/fish respectively) and specific growth rate than other densities and also, better feed conversion ratio. Increasing density caused more mortality. However, under these circumstances the density of 62 Fish/m2 is recommended.

The present study was under taken to find out seasonal affecting factors on collection raw milk in Lorestan province. To purpose total count number 2360 records was collected from Peghah dairy industry in Lorestan. this records were cumulated during from 1378 to 1381 years. Data of total count were analyzed by GLM procedure to study year, season and month effects on total count were highly significant (p<0.01).Among zones were highly significant difference (p<0.01) So that the most of Total Count was in Bourojerd and Doroud cities with 11.59±0.37 CFU/man the least in Khorramabad and Central zones with 6.59±0.37.Amongthe Spring and the Summer seasons in different years with Autumn and Winter were significant difference so that Spring and Summer were the most total count. Among years were significant difference so the least was 1381 year and the most related to 1378 year. The lowest of total count the month of December with 6.75:1:0.44and the highest in August and September with 8.69:1:0.56and 8.67±0.56 respectively. It has been concluded that trend of total Count increasing must be controlling in villages, the basis on educational and sanitation measures from let down stage till collecting of milk to decrease raw milk contamination.

Propionibacterium shermanii metabolites was used as a biopreservative to extend UF-Feta-Cheese shelf-life. Effect of the metabolite on shelf life (absence of visible fungi growth), total viable fungi, microbial load, pH as well as sensory properties including taste, odour, colour and overall acceptability was compared with the control (untreated sample). The metabolite was used in the order of 0.5 and 1% (w/w). After incubation while reaching the required pH, cheese samples were stored at two temperature including 4 and 25 degrees Centigrade in which analysis was done during a period of 90 and 70 days respectively. Results showed that the shelf life duration of the cheese was extended by approx. 35-43 % Total viable fungi was most efficiently reduced using the metabolite but there was no significant differences in microbial load. Addition of the metabolites affected the pH significantly (p<0.05). Results of sensory evaluation showed that the taste and odour scoures of cheese containing 0.5% of the metabolite was more as compare to the others. Also the texture of control was better than the other’s but there was no significantly differences between them. The intervension had no effect on colour scores of cheeses. The cheese containing 1% of the metabolites gained the lowest scores.

An experiment was conducted to compare the effect of diet formulation based on digestible versus total amino acids with differrent levels of wheat and barley on broiler performance. This experiment designed in a factorial arrangement as a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) using 10 treatments in 4 replicates with 5 male broiler chicks in each replicate. Expermintal diets containing different levels of wheat (0, 15, 30%) and barley (0, 10, 20%) each one formaulated on digestible and total amino acid basis. Diets containing wheat or barley formulated on total or digestible amino acids basis showed no difference in broiler production parameters. Formulation of diets with barley based on digestible amino acids compared with total amino acids reduced breast meat significantly(p<0.05).With increasing levels of wheat and barley, feed consumption, FCR and viscera percentage were significantly increased (p<0.05).There was no interaction between inclusion rate of wheat and barley and diet formulation method. According to the results of this experiment, formulating of diets containing feedstuffs with high digestibility of amino acids on the digestible amino acid basis may not well justified.

This experiment was conducted to determine the nutritive value and utilization of detannificated oak kernel (DOK) included in broiler diets. The experiment was carried out with randomized complete design by 5 treatments (diets) and 4 replication with 25 observations. The experiment period was 49 days. Chemical compositions of DOK were analysed by AOAC (1990) methods. Metabolizable energy (ME) content of DOK were determined according to the bioassay method described by Sibbald (1986). The dry matter, crude protein, crude fiber, ash, Ca, P, starch, tannin and ME of DOK were 91.5, 5.7, 4.45, 3.75, 0.86, 0.2, 0.12, 53.36, 1.76 percent and 3239 kcal/kg dry matter respectively. The results of experiment indicated that DOK at 0, 5, 10, 15, 20 levels were not significantly effected the broilers performance including daily body weight gain, daily feed intak, feed conversion (feed intake/gain), live weight and mortality. Average of daily body weight gain(g/day), daily feed intake (g/day) and feed conversion were 40.27, 38.16, 40.09, 37.82, 37.97 and 84.95, 84.48, 84.62, 85.21, 85.38 gr and 2.11, 2.21, 2.11, 2.25, 2.25 respectively for treatments 1 to 5 at the end of 7th week. Carcass charactristics including breast, legs, abdominal fat and total carcass at the 6th and 7th weeks of age were not significant except breast weight at the 7th week and abdominal fat weight at the 6th week (P<0.05). In general, the results of this expriment indicated that the performance of broilers was not affect by feeding different levels of DOK. The experiment confirmed that, DOK can be used up to 20 percent in broilers diet.

Reproduction biology of sind sardine (Sardinella sindensis) caught by purse seiner boats along coastal waters of Jask area investigated from November 2000 to November 2001. The results indicated that major breeding peak occurs in May with two others in July and October. Mean and Sd of absolute fecundity was estimated at 18366±9607.LM50 estimated 155mm in total length for females. The research showed that sex ratio of this species was not significantly different from (1:1) ratio (p>0.05). Length - absolute fecundity relationship was calculated as: y=3E-0/9x5/8048.

This study was carried out to determine rapeseed meal dry matter (DM) and crude protein (CP) degradation characteristics by using nylon bags and SDS-PAGE techniques. There were significant differences (p<0.05) between the effective rumen degradability values of untreated and roasted rapeseed meal CP at different rumen outflow rates. The rumen degradability of untreoted and treated rapeseed meal DM and CP at ruminal outflow rate of 0.05/h were 83.3 and 71.4 % for DM, 82.7 and 68.3% for CP, respectively. From the slab gel analysis, rapeseed meal proteins were composed of two major components napin and cruciferin, accounting for approximately 18.8 and 52.9 percent of the total meal protein, respectively. Both proteins were multisubunits. The molecular weights of 32.0, 26.8, 21.1, 20.5 KDa for cruciferin subunits and 8.5, 10.8 KDa for napin subunits were observed in this trial. Electrophoretic and densitometric analysis of untreated rapeseed meal protein residues revealed that napin subunits were degraded completely within 2 h, whereas the four subunits of cruciferin were not degraded after 48 h incubation. In roasted rapeseed meal, napin subunits were resistant untilll2 h incubation. The four subunits of cruciferin were more resistant to degradation. There were significant differences (p<0.05) between crude protein digestibility of untreated and roasted rapeseed meal. Crude protein digestibility of untreated rapeseed meal at 0,8, 12and 24 h incubation were 65.32, 73.28, 73.50,75.30 percent and for roasted rapeseed meal were 66.28, 71.38, 73.12, 75.50 percent. In conclusion, SDS-PAGE indicated that four subunits of cruciferin when untreated rapeseed protein, wheareas two subunits of napin and four subunits of cruciferin when roasted rapeseed protein are fed to ruminants, make the bulk of escaped protein.

The major aim of this article is to measure economic efficiency and to determine the level of profitability of broiler production units in Hamedan province with the respect of their scale of production. Therefore, a sample of 85 units was randomly choosen and by using Data Envelopment Analysis, the following results were found: Average of technical, allocative, and econimic efficiencies were respectively 64.4, 65.3 and 43.5 percent The gap between the best broiler unit and average of econiomic efficiency was 56.5 percent In addition 48.33 percent of the units had profitability and the rest had not From profitability point of view, the second class(50001-15000)had a suitable condition.

This experiment was carried out in two phase. In first phase the levels of 0, 2 or 4% of processed bentonite (PB), unprocessed bentonite (B), or clinoptilolite (CL) were added as mineral additives to 21 isonitrogenous and isocalori rations, but different in rumen degradable protein. rations were incubated in-vitro. Ammonia nitrogen were measured after incubation (AI). On the basis of results of this experiment, ammonia nitrogen (AN) was not decreased AI by inclusion of 2 percent of PB,B, or CL to rations (p>0.05), But it was decreased effectively by inclusion of 4 percent of these mineral additives to rations (p<0.05). Soluble protein of soybean meal did not changed (p>0.05), but soluble protein of alfalfa was increased (p<0.05) by inclusion of B. Intestinal digestible protein of experimental rations were decreased by inclusion of 4 percent B, or CL (p<0.05).

For many years, antibacterial agents have been used in poultry for chemotherapeutic, prophylactic purposes and also used as feed additives to promote growth and improve feed efficiency. On the other hand, poultry (white) meat is one of the food resources for human consumption which plays important role in our country. So, their indiscriminate use not only could make problems in the treatment of poultry diseases, but also the residues in food products may constitute a human health hazards including induction of bacterial resistance which will produce problems in the treatment of diseases in human as well as in animals. In the present study, broiler farms in Tehran province were divided by four regions: East (Damavand city), Southeast (Varamin and Shahre- Rey cities), South- west (Shahriar and Islamshahr cities) and West (Karaj and Savojbolagh cities). According to the performed studies, it was determined that the minimum usage of antibacterial drugs was in the east region of the province. The reason can be the less number of farms and the climate condition of this area. The maximum usage of the drugs was in. the west part of the province. The reason can be probably the more concentrated number of farms and very weak hygienic and management situations in some farms in this area.

Myxosarcoma is an unusual neoplasm in the dog, most of it and has seen in the skin, and seldom in the heart and the liver. The myxosarcoma and myxoma occurs in all species of mature domestic animals, nevertheless the occurrence rate ris very low. During 2002 (a male dog, mixed breed,10 years old was referred to the small animal clinic of Azad Islamic university of Tabriz, which was a special case. The main complaint was for dysphasia and presence a tumoral mass on the gum tissue. The biopsy was performed and the tissue sample was taken from the gum and fixed in formalin 10% and then microscopic section with the thickness of 5-6 microns were prepared and stained with H&E, Alecian blue and Massons-Trichrome. Gross Pathology study reveals that non capsulated nodular tumor, with hyperemic, heamorrahgic and mucopurulent regions and histopathology identified the tumor as a myxosarcoma.