JOURNAL OF ANIMAL BIOLOGY
Year:2015 | Volume:7 | Issue:3|Papers Count:8

Use of medicinal plants has increased sharply in recent years. However, for the uses of flaxseed as a functional food, its side effects on human fertility must be checked. That’s why we decided to study the effect of flaxseed on the reproductive system in female mice. Our experiments were performed on two conditions in vivo and in vitro. Mice in 3 different groups have received mice food for 14 days. We used flaxseed, which there are 3.33, 16.66 and 33.3 mg/kg density of flaxseed in 0.5 ml distilled water. Mice described on day 15. The histological evaluation of control, sham and experimental groups was performed. In vitro ovaries were cultured in sterile conditions for 24 hours, and then were studied. A significant increase in the number and diameter of primordial follicles, number of primary follicles, , Demolished follicles, Yellow body, and showed decrease in Animal weight, number of Secondary follicles, number and length of Graafian follicles, primary follicles Length, diameter Graffian and yellow body length in vivo. The number of demolished follicles increase in in vitro. The results of this study indicate that flaxseed have effects on oogenesis and ovary tissue and should be used during pregnancy with caution.

Infertility problems affect young couples. One of the known causes of spermatogenic disorder is chemotherapy in patients with cancer. Since Dividing cells are mainly affected by anticancer drugs, the aim of the present study is to investigate the preventive effect of GnRH antagonist on spermatogenic defect produced by anticancer drug. In the present study 30 adult female mice, aging 6-8 weeks were used. The mice were divided into 3 equal groups: control, exp group 1 and exp group 2. In exp group 1, vinblastin was injected intraperitoneally for 5 days at 0.25 mg/kg. In exp group2, Cetrorelix injection in same dose and 3 times in a week, was started one week before vinblastin treatment and continued for 3 more weeks. The mice in all groups were sacrified 3 weeks after the last dose of Cetrorelix injection. Testicular specimens were prepared for LM studies. Microscopic study revealed that in the control group the mean number of sertoli and spermatogonium, were 8.20±0.87 and 56±4.9 respectively. In exp group 1 the mean number of above- mentined cells were 18.6±2.43 and 39.8±2.46. In exp group 2 the mean numbers of above-mentioned cells were 9.2±0.87 and 54.8±3.32. The data showed the difference between control and exp 1 group was significant, but the difference between control and exp2 was not. Spermatogenesis index (SI) and diameter of germinal epithelium in control group were 0.7±0.2 and 168.8±9.42 respectively. In exp group 1 were 0.17±0.1 and 117.8±9.45 but in exp group 2 were 0.62±0.16 and 161.2±8.14. The data showed the difference between control and exp 1 was significant, but the difference between control and exp 2 was not. It is concluded that GnRh antagonist administration before cancer treatment could prevent the side effect of anticancer drugs.

Diabetes disease produces free radicals and oxidative stress serves plays an important role in creating many of behavioral variations metabolic damage played, leading to testicular damage. This study have shown resveratrol due to having antioxidant and anti-apoptosis properties plays an important role to prevent and care of oxidative stresses therefore, this research investigates through beneficial effects of resveratrol on testicular damages in diabetic male rats induced by streptozotocin. In the current study 32 of male Wister rats, weight range of 250 g to 280 g were selected and divided into 4 groups: 1) Diabetic group, 2) Diabetic group + resveratrol treat, 3) Control group and 4) Control group + resveratrol treat. Diabetes was induced by stz injection (55 mg/kg). Resveratrol was injected at the dose 10 mg/kg for 4 week. In the fourth week, testicular damages were studied using hematoxylin and eosin staining. In the resveratrol treated group morphologic changes made by diabetic is dramatically decreased. On the other hand deteriorative cells are significantly increased the diameter are decreased the first study showed that talking resveratrol, testicular damage in diabetic rats significantly reduced. Ability of resveratrol to treat preventable and oxidative stress plays role in improving the testicular damage, resveratrol can decreased weight and glucose.

Caspian green lizard belongs to the family Lacertidae is diurnal and the main habitat of this species in Iran is the Caspian coasts and northern provinces. This study was conducted from April to October 2013 in Mazandaran Province and 24 mature female were collected from three stations: Goharbaran, Abandankesh, Abandansar around Sari County in order to the study of oogenic cycle of this species by hand during mid-day. Specimens after transferring to the laboratory were anesthetized with chloroform and body and ovarian morphometric characters were measured. During the activity period, the ovaries of 24 adult female specimens were morphologically and histologically studied. The results show that females start their oogenesis and vitellogenesis in early April. The oogenic cycle consists of three stages: inactive, vitellogenic and oviductal egg. The maximal oogenesis was obseved from early May to early June and completely stopped in early to mid-August. The ovaries are pair and vesicular, consist of average 11 follicles in each ovary. The follicular layer is polymorphic and multilayer. The oogenic cycle of this species is seasonal and associated.

Iranian Ground-jay belongs to the family of Corvidae, Order Passeriformes, active and can be seen in pairs or individually, as well as the endemic bird of Iran. This study investigated the bredding and behavior of Podoces pleskei in Dasht-e Laghari Wildlife Refuge in Razavi Khorasan Province, near to the Bardaskan County since early January 2011 to June 2012 with an area of 27,000 hectares that cover its dominant Zygiphlim eurypterum, Haloxylon sp and Atraphaxis spinosa. The results showed Iranian Ground-jay in the study area are looking for a pair in February, Reproductive phenology of P. pleskei from the first week of March for two weeks began nesting at the same time and at the end of May that the birds are flying age ends. This bird start laying in mid-March and after two weeks of sleeping on eggs, chicks hatch in early April to bring, the weighted average seven (g). Usually clutch size depends on the season and weather, that the number of eggs in each clutch was observed in the region four eggs. The main risk factor for breeding success of P. pleskei in this area was found Varanus griseus caspius.

The Fisheries Research Laboratory, University of Zabol to investigate the Effect of different levels factors of pH on the percentage of hatching (HP) and hatching efficiency (HE) cysts Artemia urmiana at five different pH (7, 7.5, 8, 8.3 and 9) were performed. Each treatment was replicated three times. During the experiment, all factors affecting hatching was fixed and the variable pH levels. After 24 hours of incubation system began, the number of nauplii and umbrella cysts forms and cysts were counted and the percentage of hatching capacity was calculated. Based on the results, the percentage of hatching ability of pH=8.3 was higher than other treatments and at hatching was observed at pH=9. Differences between treatments were very small and statistically not significant (P>0.05). Generally, the pH is an important factor in the hatched Artemia urmiana cysts and for optimization of the pH must be kept constant at 8.3.

Nowadays, cancer is the second cause of mortality in the world and among its variants; the most common cancer in women is the ovary cancer. One of the methods for cancer treatment is chemical therapy. Some nanoparticles can be considered as a sensitizer because they enhance the cytotoxicity due to oxidative stress and increase the free radicals, especially reactive oxygen species (ROS), within cells resulting in cell death. In this study, elevated synergistic effect of Ag/Si_O_P /gelatin nanoparticles as radiosensitizer was evaluated in presence of cobalt-60 gamma rays on human ovary cancer cell line. In this experimental and laboratories study ,after duplication and farming the Hela cell class, gelatin silver nanoparticles with10, 20, 40, 60, 80, 160 densities are effected by Hela cancer cells, and after 72 hours of using MTT, the cytotoxicity is evaluated and the data are analyzed by Elisa Reader and Anova. The Results shown that silver nanoparticles of (p£5%) 20, 40, 80 density after 72hours, the cell growth is significantly decreased according to controlled group. Silver nanoparticles of different sizes and density of this study is shown that gelatinous nanoparticle have effective cell relation or cancer cell (Hela) and highly induced apoptosis in cells and caused the death of cancer cell and have the lower poisonous to natural body cells.

Ethanol has a suppressive effect on inflammation and immune responses and its impact has been studied in different regions of the body. But there is no useful information about ethanol effects on tendon structure. The aim of this study was to evaluate the histological effects of ethanol on rat tendon is injured. Twenty rats were randomly divided in two groups: ethanol and control. The amount of ethanol in combination with glucose in the drinking water of rats was gradually increased and was also used by them. After one week of use, the Achilles tendon of rats at each junction of the calcaneus injury was induced. In the fourth week, all rats were sacrificed and the injured tendon samples were collected and were examined histologically. Ethanol-induced increases Tenocyte with abnormal morphology, disruption and irregular collagen fibers toward increasing the number of Tenocyte and neovascularization was 3 weeks after tendon injury. Tendon in the ethanol group than the control group did not have any healing or improvement. The results of this study showed that ethanol causes delayed healing and tendon reformation.