Journal of Applied Research in Chemistry
Year:2016 | Volume:10 | Issue:1|Papers Count:8

In this study synthesis of 1-amidoalkyl-2-naphthols and 1-thioamidoalkyl-2-naphthols using green, inexpensive, and available catalysts in solvent free condition through multicomponent reaction of aldehyde with b-naphthol and acetamide or thioacetamide was probed. 2-Amidoalkyl naphthol derivatives are of significant importance because of their promising biological and pharmaceutical activities. The hypotensive and bradycardiac effects of these compounds have been evaluated. Synthesis of these compounds has been performed using two green, effective, affordable and accessible catalysts without using any organic solvent through one-pot multicomponent reaction of aldehyde with b- naphthol and acetamide or thioacetamide. Using cheap and nontoxic material, eco-friendly of this method, and ease of separation of products are main advantages of this study.

CuO/ZnO/Al2O3 nanocatalyst was synthesized via urea-nitrate combustion mothod. Two different urea/nitrate ratios were applied in order to study its performance in steam reforming of methanol. The results of XRD and FESEM analyses showed smaller particles and better particle dispersion on the surface of the nanocatalyst with U/N=1. Although, BET results showed higher surface area for the sample with higher urea amount, EDX analysis showed that active phase metals were well dispersed on the surface of nanocatalyst with lower urea. Finally, catalytic performance tests in steam reforming of methanol proved that the U/N=1 nanocatalyst converts more methanol to H2 while producing less CO than the other one, and it also remains stable for 30 h in SRM reaction.

In the present research, the maximization of natural convective heat transfer in a quadrilateral enclosure filled with pure fluids or nanofluids was reviewed. The governing equations have been transformed into a dimensionless form based on the base fluid thermophysical properties.The governing equations are solved using the finite element method. Based on the experimental results available in literature, two new dimensionless parameters, namely thermal conductivity parameter (Nc) and thermal viscosity parameter (Nv) are utilized. The mentioned parameters depend on the type of nanoparticles, and the base fluid, size and shape of the nanoparticles and the working temperature of the nanofluid. Dispersing nanoparticles in the fluid could result in enhancement of the thermal conductivity of the working fluid; hence, utilizing a nanofluid may enhance the heat transfer in an enclosure. On the other hand, the geometrical optimization of the enclosure could also boost the heat transfer. In order to perform a geometrical optimization in the enclosure, two parameters of aspect ratio (the ratio of height to length of enclosure) and the tilted angle (y) are adopted as the optimization variables for the enclosure. The analysis and optimizations were performed for various Rayleigh numbers and volume fractions of nanoparticles. The results show that the increase of Rayleigh number would result in the increase of the enclosure aspect ratio (a thinner enclosure) as well as the decrease of the tilted angle (y) of the optimized enclosure.

The aim of this project is applying of nanopolyamides modified by aminoacids for interacting with DNA to lipophilize and traverse from lipophilic cell wall. Thus a novel and highly efficient route is developed for the synthesis of polyaniline nanostructures and its chiral and biocompatible salt is synthesized using amino acids as a dopant. After characterization of nanoparticles by using different methods such as FT-IR, NMR spectroscopy, and elemental analyses, we have studied the surface morphology of polyaniline nanostructures with scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The percentage of doping is measured through titrimetry. Then we have investigated the interaction of these new nanoparticles with oligo phosphates (DNA consists 45 Base pairs) by using fluorescence spectrocopy.

In this study, flower-like ZnO was synthesized via a fast microwave assisted method using zinc acetate as starting materials and water as solvent. The samples were characterized via SEM, EDX, and XRD analyses. Gas sensitivity of the fabricated sensor was studied for selective detection of ethanol in presence of CO and CH4, and effect of La2O3 with different concentrations as a dopant was investigated. 5 wt% La2O3 doped sample was shown to improve the sensor response to 500 ppm ethanol with high selectivity in presence of CO and CH4. Furthermore, presence of La2O3 affects the response and recovery times. The La2O3-doped ZnO may be considered as a promising sensing material for selective detection of ethanol.

Nowadays, catalyst supports are used extremely for decreasing cost and increasing contact surface in chemical reactions. Specific surface area, compressive strength and proper porosity are some of the most important characteristics of a catalyst support. Alumina has been used extremely in recent decades, due to its wide range of these properties and having various phases. In this study, sol-gel method is used for producing alumina catalyst support. Various additives and common methods for increasing surface area aren’t used in this study. The results show that using aluminium nitrate salt and ammonia as precipitating agent yields catalyst supports with the best specific surface area (300 m2/g). Also alumina catalyst support which is produced by using ammonia and aluminium sulphate with 51 m2/g has lowest amount of BET.

With respect to the importance of coumarin derivatives as drugs affecting cancer cells and various other pharmacological effects, in this study new coumarin derivatives were synthesized by using 4-hydroxy coumarin and Meldrom’s acid in the presence of aldehydes (such as 4-nitro benzaldehyde, 3-nitro-benzaldehyde, 4-cloro-benzaldehyde and 4-hydroxy benzaldehyde) and pyridine at 60oC and using acetone and ethanol as solvents. The prepared samples were characterized by FT-IR, 1HNMR and 13CNMR methods. Then new derivatives checked by disc diffusion and MIC methods on the 3 gram-negative (Coli, klebsiella, and pseudomonas) bacteria and 3 gram-positive (Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus saprophyticus, and Staphylococcus aureus) bacteria.

In this study, a graphene sheet (C102H30) has curved to model parts of armchair carbon nanotubes using computational quantum chemistry methods. Interactions of aromatic molecule benzene and sodium ions with the modeled carbon nanotubes were considered to understand effects of diameter of nanotube and type of interaction on strength of binding of drug and ions with nanotubes. Investigation of p-p and cation-p binding energies with change in outer diameter of nanotubes shows that modeled nanotubes behave in three manners towards the benzene molecule and sodium ions which are indicative of similar nature of these two types of interactions. Results demonstrate that functionalized carbon nanotubes by aromatic molecules and ions can act in a similar and good manner and are thus accepted as useful drug delivers. Also, these functionalized carbon nanotubes can carry various drugs to corresponding target molecules in damaged tissues without changing the drugs structure and nature.