JOURNAL OF RURAL RESEARCH
Year:2012 | Volume:2 | Issue:4|Papers Count:7

In this paper the authors study the relationship between Rural Good Governance Approach and Sustainability of 50 Rural regions at Mazandaran Province. According to the documentary studies, for Good Governance it is necessary to achieve sustainable humane development in a realm of an area so that the process of correct and logical relationship between governors and citizenships leads to Good Governance which its purposes are as follows: improving the general well-being, paying attention to the desirable human lives, and meeting. The needs of rural residents, and supporting the basic laws and citizenship liberty in all places and times...

Rural areas, due to their landscapes, natural attractions and abilities attract tourists. However, there emerge kinds of tourism that with respect to conditions and particularities leave behind different impacts and consequences around that rural set up. In Iran, too, attractions and scenic landscapes as well as suitable ecological condition of some of the villages have caused remarkable growth of tourism over the past few years, hence led to the formation of different tourism patterns. Among these patterns, whose classifications are based on types and length of stay of tourists, include the second homes tourism and the same day visits. Today, these are considered as one of the methods of passing leisure times and refinement energy. Among rural areas, the villages of Shemiranat County in northern Tehran metropolis, have attracted principal forms of tourism i.e. eco-tourism, sports, religious and natural tourism in the forms of second homes tourism and same day visits. In other words, the effects and consequences of these touristic patterns can easily be observed in this area Paying...

This study examines the attitudes of residents toward tourism in rural mountain communities in Roodbareghasran district (Shemiranat, Tehran). The objective of this research is modeling host community support for tourism development and the potential of participation based on the factors found to influence reactions towards it. Understanding local communities' attitudes toward tourism development is vital for the success and sustainability of any type of tourism development...

There is a wide transformation achieving to sustainable development terms. Sustainable development is not a new concept but it shows the process of transformation of social, economic and natural systems. At the end of 1987s a new paradigm, called sustainability, concluded that scientific evidence demonstrated rapid destruction of air, water, species of flora and fauna, deserts, forests and other ecosystems as well as overuse of natural resources. The Brundtland Commission Report thrust the concept of "sustainable development" into the mainstream of world debate, as the only manner to confront the twin problems of environmental degradation and necessary economic development.

Trends of population in the past half century have witnessed the decline of rural population to urban. General Population and Housing Census Results of Iran in the past fifty years show that the exact proportion of rural population and urban population of the total population reversely changed (85.5 and 31.5 percents in 1335 to 31.5 and 85.5 percent in 1385). It seems that the four major actors in the formation of this phenomenon were: 1 - the mass movement of people (migration) from rural to urban areas, 2 - conversion some villages to the city, 3 - natural population growth in cities, 4 - the physical expansion of cities and consequently the integration of adjacent villages in the city. The spatial expansion of cities, integrating villages and farms in city are the major outcomes of rapid urbanization. In some cases, strengthening economic and social institutions, the increasing population of rural settlements and some government official's decisions are main factors of integration of the villages in the city. There are several effects and outcomes of this phenomenon in merged villages on city...

Livestock is a dynamic activity and a generating employment which after the oil industry has attracted the most investment and most importantly, it is tied with food security and health. Also it is important in human nutrition as one of the main sectors of material production and milk protein. But production. In the livestock sector has some differences with other areas of manufacturing of trade. Among of the most important of them are the risks in the livestock sector. Rural economy of Mahdavyeh and Parydar in Malayer, from the distant past had been based on livestock and livestock appropriate which access to pastures, mountainous area and limited agricultural land and proximity to large consumer markets in the cities of Hamadan and Malayer creates this situation...

Extended use of agricultural chemicals by farmers in transfer of technology model has threatened the safety of agricultural production. Moreover, non- participatory nature of extension classes failed to motivate farmers to use less chemical inputs in the production process. In the early 1990s, participatory approaches proved to be effective in Integrated Pest Management (IPM). The objective of IPM is to keep pest populations at levels where they face with minimum threats before the environment. Although there is a merit in using a general definition of IPM without specifying the types of pests (insects, diseases, weeds) managed or controlled, additional understanding may be obtained by further classifying IPM into 3 groups: insect IPM, disease IPM and weed IPM...