JOURNAL OF CROP PRODUCTION RESEARCH (ENVIRONMENTAL STRESSES IN PLANT SCIENCES)
Year:2015 | Volume:7 | Issue:1|Papers Count:6

In order to determine the best planting date of different rapeseed cultivars, an experiment in split plots arranged in randomized complete blocks design with four replications conducted at the Research Center of Agriculture and Natural Resources of Southern Khorasan in 2006. Planting date in five levels including planting in 28 September, 8, 18 and 28 October and 7 November as main plots and five rapeseed cultivars of Zarfam, Ocupy, Talaye, Hayola405 and RGS003 as subplots were investigated. The results of the study showed that planting date had a significant effect on all traits except for number of seed per pod and 1000 grains weight. Delaying in planting date led to reduction in days to flowering, pod initiation and maturity, number of pod per plant and seed yield. There wasn’t any significant differences between three first planting dates in aspect of seed yield but the first one with average of 1.72 ton per ha had the maximum yield. The effect of cultivar was also significant for days to flowering, pod initiation and maturity and seed yield. Hayola405, RGS003 and Zarfam with averages of 1.48, 1.33 and 1.16 ton per ha had the highest yield among cultivars but they showed no significant differences. According to the results, Hayola405 and planting date from 28 September to 18 October are the best cultivar and planting date, respectively and could be suggested for the region.

In order to study the effect of chemical and organic fertilizers and chitosan on physiological traits and phenolic compound amounts in thyme (Thymus deanensis Celak) in Shahrekord climate, a field experiment was done at farm of Medicinal Plants Research Station, Islamic Azad University, in 2014. The experiment design was split plot based on RCBD with three replications. The main plots were F1: Control, F2:100% chemical fertilizer (100-150-100 kg/ha NPK, respectively), F3: (Animal manure 20 ton/ha), F4 (Vermicompost 10 ton/ha), F5 (Chemical fertilizer + Animal manure+Vermicompost) and sub plots were four chitosan levels (0, 0.2% and 0.4%). The results showed that treatments of fertilizers had significant effect on the flavenoid contents, antioxidant activity, LAI and dry matter. The chitosan ellisitor had significant effect on chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and phenol contents, antioxidant activity, LAI and dry matter. In this project, interaction effect of fertilizers and chitosan had significant effect on LAI and dry matter. The highest phenol content and antioxidant activity were related to the treatment animal manure 20 ton/ha + chitosan 0.4% consumption.

In order to study the Effects of methanol foliar application on some root and shoot morphological characteristics of corn (SC 704 Cultivar) under drought stress conditions, an experiment was conducted as factorial, based on completely randomized blocks design with three replications in 2016 in Sabzevar Branch, Isalamic Azad University. The factors were moisture regimes in three levels (Irrigation at 100, 75 and 50 percent of field capacity) and different levels of methanol including, 0 (control), 10, 20 and 30 volumetric percentage (v/v). The results showed that the increase of drought stress decreased chlorophyll index, plant height, shoot dry weight, root dry weight, root area, root volume and root specific weight, while root length, root diameter and root/shoot ratio were not affect by drought stress. Methanol foliar application with a volume ratio of 30% had maximum chlorophyll index, plant height, shoot dry weight, root dry weight, root area and root specific weight that had not significant differences with 20% methanol foliar application. Although, in non-stress condition, root and shoot response was height to methanol spraying but in drought conditions, methanol applying improved these plant characteristics. It concluded that under drought stress conditions using methanol (20% v/v) can mitigated drought stress on root and aerial part of corn.

Time of flowering beginning and growth duration period of cultivars soybean is to be related to variation day length and temperature in planting dates. The aim of this study was to investigate of day length and growth phonology of soybean cultivars in different planting dates. The experiment was carried out as randomized complete blocks design with four replications at the investigation farm in Dashtenaz-Sari during 2011. The planting dates 15 May, 29 May, 3 June, 28 June and 12 July as main plot and cultivars JK, Telar and Line 032 as sup plot were considered. The results showed that maximum and minimum growth duration period, days to end flowering, flowering duration period, reproductive duration period and grain filling period were obtained under 15 May and 12 July, respectively. Line 032 had the lowest growth duration period, vegetative duration period, days to end flowering and flowering duration period. Also, Telar and JK had the highest growth duration period, reproductive duration period, vegetative duration period, days to end flowering and flowering duration period that statistically were statistically located in the same statistically group. Generally, delaying in planting dates decreased growth duration period (Vvegetative and reproductive) and critical day length. The critical day length was different in cultivars and delay in all planting dates and cultivars were decreasing trend. Therefore, sensitive to day length in 032 cultivar was high and in JK variety was low that with delay in planting date increased too.

Du to study the effect of ascorbate and gibberellin on root and shoot proline content and some morphological traits of Dragon head (Dracocephalum moldavica L.) under salinity conditions, this research was done as factorial based on completely randomized design with 4 replications at Islamic Azad University, Yadegar-e-Imam Khomeini (RAH) Shahre-Rey Branch. Salinity in 4 levels (0, 25, 50 and 75 mM NaCl), ascorbic acid in 2 levels (0 and 4 mM) and gibberellin in 2 levels (0 and 2 mM) were considered. The results showed that except the effect of salinity on root length and proline, acerbate on root dry weight and gibberellin on root and shoot length and root proline, the other main effects were significant. Triple mean comparison interaction effects indicated that the highest root length (12.48 cm), shoot fresh weight (3.59 g), shoot dry weight (1.16 g) and the lowest proline content (44.87 mmol/L) as the meaningful traits were conducted at 4 mM ascorbate, 2 mM gibberellins and non salinity treatment. According to the findings, ascorbate were more effective on salinity tolerance compare to gibberellin.

To study the evaluation of combined chemical and manure fertilizers effect on some agronomic and physiological traits of wheat, an experiment was done as factorial in the fall of 2013, as factorial based on completely randomized blocks design with three replications at the farm lands of Galilee Abad village executed city Pishva. In this research, manure fertilizers as the first factor in four levels: 10 ton/ha (m1), 20 ton/ha (m2), 30 ton/ha (m3) and 40 ton/ha (m4) and chemical fertilizer as the second factor in 4 levels: application according to 25% of the soil test analysis (f1), 50% of soil test (f2), 75% of soil test (f3) and 100% soil test (f4) were considered. Analysis of variance showed that the interaction effects of manure and chemical fertilizers on leaf area index, harvest index, number of spikes per plant, number of grains per panicle, grain yield, biological yield, protein content and protein yield were significant. It can be concluded that in the higher levels of chemical and manure fertilizers applications, additive effects were observed on grain yield and the highest grain yield was obtained in 40 ton/ha +25% of the soil test analysis (m4f2 treatment). According to the findings, application of 100% of the recommended chemical fertilizers + 40 ton/ha of manure and 100% of the recommended fertilizers + 30 ton/ha of manure gained to the highest shoot and biological yield. So combined application of manure and chemical fertilizers can be a good strategy for producing and maintaining the desired level of yield.