DYNAMIC AGRICULTURE
Year:2008 | Volume:5 | Issue:2|Papers Count:8

For the purpose of studying the effect of Zn and B fertilizers on the yield, concentration and uptake of N, P and K in the corn grain, a factorial experiment consisting of five levels of Zn (0, 15, 30 and 45 kg/ha Zn, as Zn solution spray) and four levels of B (0, 4, and 8 kg/ha as B, and B solution spray) in a completely randomized block design was conducted in three replications during 2002 in Fars Neyriz region of Iran,. A corn variety Single Cross 401 was the test crop. The effects of Zn and B on N, P and K concentration in the grain were insignificant. Application of Zn and B in all levels increased uptake of N and K in the grain. Application of Zn, only to the soil, increased P uptake in the grain. The use of 4 kg/ha and spraying of boric acid, increased P uptake by the grain. The lowest grain uptake of N, P and K were seen at no Zn and B levels. A high Zn content in the soil helped increasing the concentration and uptake of N in the grain by B application. Therefore, at high levels of Zn, there was a synergism between B and N. Boron spraying helped with increasing the concentration and uptake of N in the grain by Zn application. Boron application at low Zn levels had no effect on P and K concentration in the grain, but at high Zn level, increased P and K concentration in the grain. Boron use had no effect on K uptake by the grain at any level of the Zn, but at high Zn levels, it increased P grain uptake. High level of Zn in the soil helped with increase in P and K concentration as well as P grain uptake by B application.

In this study effect of different weaning ages on feedlot performance of Farahani male lambs was studied. A number of 16 male 45, 60, 75 and 90 days-old lambs were randomly selected, weaned and fattened for 90 days. The study was carried out on a completely randomized design with four weaning weights in four replicates. Results showed that increasing weaning weight significantly increased daily feed intake, warm and cool carcass weights, but had no significant effect on total live weight, shrunk body weight and carcass shrunk percent. Thus, no difference was observed in average daily gain between 45 and 60 days ages. Mean of feed conversion ratio for 45, 60 and 75 days-old lambs was not significantly different; however, it was significantly lower than 90 days weaning weight lambs. According to no significant changes in total weight changes, shrunk body weight and carcass shrunk percent in different weaning weights and as feed conversion ratio for 45, 60 and 70 days-olds was statistically the same and better than 90 days weaning weight in addition to economical conditions which can be formed by selling the unused milk and decrease in animal aggregation in pastures, 60 days age may be suggested for weaning weight of Farahani male lambs for fattening.

This study was carried out at Research center of farahan university in order to compare tolerance chilling stress and grain yield in prechilling spring cultivars with winter safflower cultivars in Markazi province in 2006. A randomized complete block design with three replications was used with 10 prechilling spring cultivars and 18 winter safflower cultivars: Padide, S-6-46, LRV-51-13, LRV-51-20, 697, LRV-290, K.W.2, Yenice, LRV-51-11, K.C.72, K.A.72, IL-128, Marand local variety, L.S.P, IL-119, IL-111, Miandoab local, Gila, uc-1, Nebraska-10, Esfahan local variety, Arak-2811, FO2, Davari-2811, ES.68, IL-111(2), LSP(2), LRV-51-51. Each plot consisted of 2 rows, 5 m long with 50cm between rows and 5cm between plants on the rows. Some important traits such as plant height, umber of branches per plant, number of grain per head, 1000-seed weight and grain yield were recorded. The results indicated that cultivar 697with 2691 kg/ha cultivar, LRV-51-20 with 2062 kg/ha and cultivar and, K.C.72 with 2043 kg/ha grain yield were significantly superior to the other treatments. The purpose of use prechilling spring cultivars to define least on new cultivar for planting in autumn in climate Farahan region.

On of the most important factors which causes fresh and heated sausages to be deteriorated is their fat oxidation. In this study three types of synthetic antioxidants including butylated hydroxi anysol (BHA), butylated hydroxi toluene (BHT), and tertiary butyl hydroquinone (TBHQ) were used in order to prevent oxidative deterioration. The Tested meat products included four types of sausages which different concentration of these antioxidants were added to their pulpy products. The results of adding the antioxidants in stability of the products fat and their shelf life were determined through Oxygen Bomb Test (OBT) and Oven Storage Test (OST). Finally it was suggested that the heated samples of sausage using both BHA and TBHQ amounted 0.06% as well as fresh products using only 0.01% BHA, had the longest and the shortest shelf life against oxidation and keeping duration, respectively. This study was carried out during 2007-2008 in Oily Seeds Cultivation Co, Tehran.

In order to study and effect of solution sprinkle of microelement (0, 2, 4per1000) and rapeseed 3 genotypes (Zarfam Slm046, Hyola-42) an experiment performed randomized as a factorial in the form of complete blocks plan at 3 repetition at the research farm of Agricultural College of Varamin Azad University in agronomical year 2004. The result of analysis of variance showed that surveyed genotypes had significant difference in respect to the number of pod per plant, number of grain per pod, 1000 seed weight, grain yield, oil yield and harvest index (HI) at%1 level. Hyola-42 genotype by 3671 kg/ha yield mean (a) was better then Zarfam genotype by 2654, 6 kg/ha yield mean (c). Although SLM 046 height by 126.7Cm mean was in highest level and Hyola- 42 by 116.1 Cm mean was in lowest level, in the rest of surveyed characteristics, Hyola-42 was better then other 2 genotypes . Concentration solution was significant considering to number of pod per plant, number of grain per pod, 1000 seed weight, grain yield, oil percent, oil yield and harvest index (HI) in %1 level. At the first group, number of grain per pod by 36, 3 number mean and 4 per1000 concentration and at control group treatment by 27.3 number mean was the latest statistical level.1000 seed weight increased from 3, 26 gr mean in zarfam genotype to 4, 27 gr in HYola- 42 genotype. Concentration solution led to increase 1000 seed weight and this amount reached from 3, 29 gr mean in control group treatment to 4, 35 gr in 4 per1000 treatment. Also yield affected on solution sprinkle and by high amount of solution sprinkle in 4 per1000 increased 30% rather than seed yield. From the mean of 2609.4 kg/ha reached to 3726 kg/ha . Also interaction of genotype and solution sprinkle became significant. Hyola-42 genotype and concentration 4 per1000 and zarfam genotype and solution sprinkle zero % (control) with the mean of 4297 kg/ha and 2140 kg/ha were in the first and last statistical level respectively. Oil percent also effected on solution sprinkle and from mean % 40.5 in control group reached to%43.98 in treatment 4 per 1000. Harvest index also effect on genotypes and micro element, Hyola-42 by mean 53% was in level (a) and Zarfam genotype by mean 36% was in statistical level (c), In treatment control group solution sprinkle by mean 37% was the least quality and treatment 4 per1000 by mean 50% was the most quality.

The main objective of this article is to present the results of a study done about the impact of agricultural extension and education in farming practices of wheat farmers in Garmsar Township. The research design was a descriptive and causal correlative method. Wheat farmers in Garmsar township who cultivated wheat by the use of irrigation (2003-2004) were the target population for this study. A random sample of wheat farmers selected from Garmsar township (n=120). The main results of the study revealed that 82% of respondent about appropriate manure, 73% about sterilizing, 70% about weed control, 68% about time of planting have unsure to high attitude about impact of agricultural extension and education on farming practices of wheat farmers. As such, 24% changes in using appropriate manure, 20% changes in sterilizing, 31% changes in weed control and 23% changes in appropriate time of planting by participated in extension practices explained.

Presently, modern molecular techniques are used for investigation on gastrointestinal bacteria. Bifidobacterium spp. Has a critical role in prevention of some pathogens colonization in gastrointestinal tract's poultry. These bacteria increase poultry resistance against diseases and improve their immune system and performance. This experiment was conducted in order to determinine relative population of Bifidobacterium spp. in duodenum, jejunum, ileum and cecum of broiler chickens at 2007 in Islamic Azad University, Rasht Branch. gut contents it were removed and extracted their DNA. It was obtained a a specific band for detecting of mentioned bacterium using a set specific primer and also a specific band for detecting of all bacteria. Relative population of Bifidobacterium spp. It was determined relative to total gut bacteria. analysis showed Bifidobacterium spp. consists 4.50% of total duodenum bacteria. Also it was shown that Bifidobacterium spp. consists 4.95% of total jejunum bacteria. Meanwhile Bifidobacterium spp. consists 5.17% of total ileum bacteria. Furthermore it was shown that Bifidobacterium spp. consists 9.36% of total cecum bacteria. Relative population of Bifidobacterium spp. in lower segments i.e. ileum and cecum were higher than upper segments i.e. duodenum and jejunum. Meanwhile, relative population of Bifidobacterium spp. in 4, 14 and 30d of ages in cecum were higher than other segments i.e. duodenum, jejunum and ileum. results showed that Bifidobacterium spp. populations were variable in various intestine segments and correlated with their functions and physicochemical environment.

Cotton belongs to the family Malvacea and genus Gossypium and commercial cultivars in Iran belong to species Hirsutum. Cotton is the most important natural source of fiber currently used in the textile industry. This study was carried out at Varamin Research Center in order to evaluate the agronomic and fiber quality traits of new developed cotton varieties which are having high performance in terms of various traits as compared to current commercial cultivars. The assessment comprising nine cultivars as well as Varamin and Sahel cultivars as checks, performed during 2005-2006 using RCBD with four replications. The results showed that cultivar 43259 had outstanding features in terms of yield and earliness. Because of short sympodia and lower plant height, this variety was appeared as a dwarf and compact cultivar as compared to other ones. These remarkable characters can be used in development of current commercial cultivars or breeding of new varieties and hybrid seed production programs. Two cultivars, namely Avangard and Opal showed highest value of earliness as compareed to other cultivars.