JOURNAL OF CELL & TISSUE
Year:2017 | Volume:8 | Issue:1 |Papers Count:10

Aim: The aim of this study was investigation of Follistatin gene over-expression effects on cell cycle, myogenic and growth factor genes expression of ovine primary myoblast (OPM) cells in lab that was done using AAV serotype 2 virus (rAAV2) carrying Follistatin (FST).Material and Methods: Obtained primary myoblasts cells from 60-day-old sheep fetuses were cultured in the growth and differentiation media. The optical density at 450 nm was measured as an indicator of proliferation in transfected cells with AAV serotype 2 (rAAV2) carrying Follistatin. Finally, Myogenic, Myo D, CDK2, Myf5, p57 and p21 genes expressions were measured using Real-Time qPCR.Results: The optical density (at 450 nm) was significantly increased in virus infected cells that shows Follistatin can increase proliferation. Follistatin proliferation significantly increased the expression of Akt1 and CDK2 genes and decreased the p21 expression gene under proliferation conditions. Real-Time results showed that the expression of myoincin, Myo D, Myf5, p57 and p21 genes increased under conditions of differentiation with Folistatin elevation.Conclusions: The results showed that proliferation of Follistatin increased the myoblast cells proliferation by p21 gene expressing and increasing the differentiation of myoblast cells by increasing the myogenic genes expression.

Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate of cuprizone time-dependent effects on MAG, MOG, MBP, and PLP proteins and demyelination process.Materials and Methods: The myelin degradation model was created with a five week diet containing 0.2% of cuprizone. The rats brain corpus callosum region was subjected to tissue and molecular evaluation at weeks 3, 4 and 5. At the end of the fifth week, behavioral studies were performed by open field test.Results: Results showed that the expression of myelin sheath proteins decreased time-dependently in comparison with the control group. Despite the overall reduction of these proteins in the third week, only PLP protein decreased significantly in this week comparing to control (P<0.01). Other proteins also showed a significant reduction in expression after the fourth week. Electron microscopy studies showed significant changes in the reduction of myelin diameter in comparison to the control group only after 4 weeks (p<0.01). Behavioral studies also indicated that cuprizone was able to cause significant behavioral abnormalities in the animals from the beginning of the third week compared to the control group.Conclusion: This research was the first time to study the main myelin proteins at the same time, and the results show that the best time for accurate molecular, tissue and behavioral reviews are fourth and fifth weeks.

Aim: The present study was designed to investigate the effects of chitosan/poly vinyl alcohol scaffold incorporated by NRBE (neonatal rat brain extract) on neuronal differentiation of P19 EC (embryonal carcinoma) stem cells.Material and Methods: In order to induce neuronal phenotype, P19-derived embryonic carcinoma stem cells were cultured on a rat chitosan/poly (vinyl alcohol) scaffold with newborn rat brain extracts. To evaluate the survival potential, migration and differentiation of the three-dimensional culture cells, these cells were grafted to the developing central nervous system of the chick embryo. Finally, the transplanted cells were detected using specific staining and immunofluorescence methods.Results: Cresyl-Violet specific staining confirmed the neuronal phenotype of the transplantation cells. Also, the expression of specific neural protein, synaptophysin, was shown using the immunofluorescence process.Conclusion: The results of this study showed that P19 embryonic carcinoma stem cells can be used as a source of pluripotent cells in transplantation studies in order to investigate cellular and molecular aspects of developmental and cellular differentiation.

Aim: The aim of the present study was to investigate the optimal expression of Hsp70 recombinant Rutilus FrissiKutum liver in E. coli.Material and methods: To evaluating of expression level of recombinant Hsp70, transformed E. coli were cultured in LB medium at 2, 4, 8, 12, 24, 36 and 48 hours, 20, 25, 30, 37 and 50oC, extreme pH (5 and 9) and in present of heavy metals e.g. mercury, cobalt, iron, zinc and etc. Expression of recombinant Hsp70 protein was determined by SDS-PAGE 12% analysis of E. coli extracts followed by staining with Coomassie Blue.Results: Optimum expression of recombinant Hsp70 was obtained at 4 and 8 h, 37oC and pH 5. Additionally, the maximum and minimum expression of this protein was achieved in present of manganese and cobalt respectively. The results further indicate that the survival of E. coli with Hsp70 was enhanced compared to the control cells.Conclusion: All results reveal that transformed bacteria are able to survive against extreme environmental conditions compared to control sample, because of having recombinant Hsp70. This heat-shock protein protects vital proteins from denaturing by its chaperone property. So, growth condition described in this study can be used for optimizing production of recombinant Hsp70 in E. coli host.

Aim: Product of ODC1 gene is key enzyme in polyamines synthesis that in diverse cancers their content increases. In the present study the effects of root extract of licorice on the ODC1gene expression and cell viability of two human breast cancer cell lines (MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231) and non-cancer cell line (MCF-10A) were evaluated.Material and Methods: The cell lines were subjected to increasing doses of the extract ranging from 0-200 µg ⁄ml. Cytotoxic effect was assessed using the MTT assay. Expression of ornithine decarboxylase 1 gene was analyzed by Real Time PCR.Results: In cancerous cell lines mortality increases significantly by a concentration-dependent manner. Moreover, a marked decrease observed in the expression of ODC1 gene in cancer cell lines. In comparison of two cancer cell lines, MDA-MB-231cell line more affected by licorice root extract.Conclusion: The result of our study highlights the potential influences of Glycyrrhiza glabra extract on ODC1 gene expression in breast cancer cells and its relation to inhibition of cancer cell growth.

Aim: This study examines the sperm parameters (concentration, mobility and morphology) and the state of sperm DNA in infertile men exposed to various occupational exposures.Material and Methods: This study was performed on 152 men who referred to Isfahan Fertility and Infertility Center (spring 2014 to autumn 2016) for diagnostic purposes. After an interview with all the participants, their semen samples were collected for assessment of sperm parameters and sperm chromatin health, based on the WHO protocol and the TUNEL method, respectively.Results: The results showed that in men with prolonged sitting, high physiological activity and with exposure to chemical compounds, they had lower sperm motility and higher sperm DNA damage than the presented criteria by previous studies. In addition, in men with DNA damage higher than 10%, there was a significant decrease in sperm parameters.Conclusion: Occupational exposure has negative effects on sperm parameters and sperm chromatin health, but more studies are needed to prove these results.

Aim: In this study, solid hybrid material from the Schiff base complex was prepared inside and on the surface of NaY zeolite, and then their antibacterial properties against different bacteria (gram-positive and gram negative bacteria) was investigated.Material and Methods: Antibacterial compounds were first prepared by sequential synthesis. So that Schiff base complexes of intermediate metals are used in two ways, one way through the vessel's method inside the bottle, inside the NaY zeolite cavities, and again by the factorizing, which is the same as the modification of the pitted compound surface, on NaOH zeolite were loaded. In the second part, the antibacterial activity of the synthesized compounds in the laboratory was investigated against gram-positive (Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus) and gram negative bacteria (Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli).Results: The results show that solid hybrid materials from Schiff base complexes and Zeolite NaY has fine antibacterial activity (against gram negative bacteria such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli) compared with Gentamicin and Nalidixic acid as standard drugs. So, fine inhibition on bacterial growth till 24 hours.Conclusion: The solid hybrid materials from Schiff base complexes and NaY Zeolite show fine inhibition on bacterial growth in comparison with standard drugs. In particular, these compounds can be used several times without losing their properties and making them industrially economical.

Aim: In this study Nurr1 and GDNF, due to their anti-inflammatory and regenerative effects and Nurr1-mediated regulation of GDNF receptor (Ret) expression, were selected to protect dopaminergic SH-SY5Y cell line against neuroinflammation and toxicity caused by 6-OHDA.Material and Methods: Recombinant lentiviral vectors carrying Nurr1 and GDNF genes were prepared and transdused to SH-SY5Y and astrocytoma (1321N1) cell lines respectively. Also HEK-293T cells were transfected with plasmid carrying GDNF to overexpress this factor, condition media of transduced astrocytoma and transfected HEK-293T cells were collected and stored. Next, overexpression of mentioned factors was demonstrated by RT-PCR. On the other hand, microglial cells were isolated from neonatal rat brains and induced with LPS to produce neuroinflammatory factors, Inducible expression of them was demonstrated by Griess test and RT-PCR. Condition media of microglia was collected and saved. Finally, SH-SY5Y cells overexpressing Nurr1 were treated with condition media of transduced astrocytoma / transfected HEK-293T and then with condition media of LPS-induced microglia or 6-OHDA toxin.Results: data from MTT assay showed, SH-SY5Y cells overexpressing Nurr1 or pretreated with GDNF are more resistant to toxicity caused by neuroinflammation and 6-OHDA. Also Nurr1 and GDNF have cooperative effects and give more protection to dopaminergic cells.Conclusion: Nurr1 and GDNF each have protective effects on dopaminergic neural cells against inflammatory factors or 6-OHDA. Also they synergize with each other leading to more protection for dopaminergic neural cells.