International Journal of Applied Behavioral Sciences
Year:2019 | Volume:6 | Issue:3|Papers Count:7

Introduction: Being overweight is a serious threat to women's health, imposing enormous costs on the individual, national and global levels. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of mindfulness-based eating awareness training on perceived stress and body mass index in overweight women in Tehran. Methods: The research design is experimental with pre-posttest and control group. The statistical population consisted of all women referring to health center in Niavaran, Tehran in the first trimester of 2019 due to being overweight. They were replaced randomly. Mindfulness group training was conducted in 8 sessions once a week. Before and after the intervention, participants completed a perceived stress scale and their BMI was calculated. Results: Results of covariance analysis showed that mindfulness training significantly decreased perceived stress (p<0. 05) and also significantly decreased body mass index in the experimental group compared to the control group (p<0. 05). Conclusion: Given these findings, it can be said that in addition to the usual therapeutic treatments for overweight, psychological training for women can play an effective role in their health beliefs and behaviors.

Introduction: An annual record of 90, 000 new cases of cancer in Iran and a mortality rate of 55, 000 affected cases is indicative of alarming outbreak of cancer in the country to the extent that an average of 100 people die each day due to this disease. The purpose of the present research is to evaluate the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) on the life expectancy, resilience and death anxiety in women with cancer. Methods: The present research is a semi-experimental research with pretest-posttest control group design. The research population consisted of all women with cancer who referred to the Cancer Institute of Imam Khomeini Hospital in Tehran in 2017. Thirty women who met the inclusion criteria were randomly divided into two groups: experimental and control. Life expectancy, resilience and death anxiety scales were used and multivariate covariance analysis was applied for data analysis. Results: The results showed that life expectancy increased in the experimental group in compare with the control group (p<0. 05) and the death anxiety of the experimental group decreased in compare to the control group (p<0. 05) after acceptance and commitment training. Conclusion: Acceptance and commitment therapy is effective in increasing the life expectancy and resilience and also in decreasing death Anxiety in women patient with cancer. These findings can be used in designing of psychological treatment interventions in the field of cancer.

Introduction: Gynecologic and breast cancers are among the types of cancer that are still highly prevalent with high rates of mortality due to lack of early diagnosis. However, these two types of cancer can be controlled by screening programs and the individual can be survived. Also, both cancers have gained the attention of mental health specialists because of impairing sexual function and issues related to body image, and fertility status among affected individuals in which, have direct effects on their adjustment and quality of life. Consequently, the aim of the current research is identify of personality subtypes and attachment styles in women who have survived from breast and gynecologic cancers. Methods: The current study is a qualitative. The participants were selected through purposive sampling method, which continued until data saturation from January to March 2018. For the data collection, the Shedler-Western Assessment Procedure (SWAP) and the Adult Attachment Interview (AAI), and for the data analysis Q-Sort scaling and comparative content analysis were used. Results: The study’ s findings showed that high-functioning depressive traits and dissociation were high. However, 9 of the participants had psychological health. Also, secure attachment and preoccupied attachment patterns were the most frequent ones. Conclusion: These findings can provide clinical implications for mental variables that are involved in the remission process or the advancement of the disease in women with breast and gynecologic cancer.

Introduction: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic disease of gastrointestinal system, which effects various aspects of the individuals' life. A vast majority of individuals with IBD suffered from depression symptoms compared to general population. This endeavor was designed to examine goodness of fit of an explaining structural model of depression on the basis of type D personality and mediating role of illness perception and coping strategies. Method: In a correlational study 268 IBD Patients were selected by Purposive Sampling method from Clinic of the Liver and Digestive Research Center of Qom province and they completed the BDI-PC depression scale, Coping Strategies Questionnaire, Illness perception Questionnaire, and type D Personality scale. Data were analyzed by Lisrel software using the structural equation modeling. Results: As regard of predictive role of negative affectivity (18. 49%), illness perception (mediated by emotion-focused coping 3. 8% and by problem-focused one 2. 1%), and emotion (7. 84%) and problem solving focused (10. 24%) coping strategies on depression significantly, an acceptable goodness of fit was indicated for a structural model containing NA (negative affectivity) as exogenous variable, emotion and problem solving focused copings as mediating variable and depression as a endogenous variable. Conclusion: These findings support mediating role of illness perception and coping strategies between type D personality and depression in IBD Patients.

Introduction: Pubbing is an emerging concept in the pathological literature and is a communicational phenomenon, which refers to smartphone dependency disorder. Despite the important relationship between pubbing and internet, game and social media addiction and psychological variables such as attachment styles, this issue has not been evaluated in Iranian society. This study was aimed to examine the relationship between internet addiction, attachment styles and demographic variables with the phenomenon of pubbing. Methods: This study was conducted in the form of a descriptive correlational design based on structural equation modeling. For this purpose, 356 individuals were selected by stratified random sampling from men and women of Qom city during April to August 2019. . Seven scales of pubbing, Internet Addiction, Game Addiction, Social Media Addiction, Mobile phone Addiction, Texting Addiction, and Attachment Styles Questionnaire were used to collect data. Results: The results showed that the tested model has a (what do you mean? CHANGE THE wording). The direct effect of mobile phone addiction (0. 50), SMS addiction (0. 18) and attachment (0. 50) on pubbing was positive and significant at level of 0. 01. Also, the indirect effect of game addiction and texting addiction was significant on pubbing at level of 0. 01. It also explained 76% of the variance of pubbing for game addiction, texting addiction and attachment. However, the indirect effects of the addiction variables on pubbing through age variable were not significant. Conclusion: The findings of this study can be useful in planning the advancement horizons in prevention and management of pubbing phenomena and could have clinical applications.

Introduction: Culturally sensitive psychological intervention among individuals with obesity has gained major attention among experts in psychological fields. The current study was to examine and compare the impact of the Lived– Experienced Based Therapy (LEBT) and Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT) on BMI and self-esteem among Iranian obese women in Esfahan City, Iran. Method: The study used quasi-experimental method with pre-test, post-test and 3-month follow-up. The study population consisted of all females with BMI above 30, in Esfahan. Overall, 45 women (M= 34. 11, SD= 5. 60) were purposefully selected and randomly divided into three study groups. The sample was selected using online and display ads. Both treatment groups received 8 sessions of specific interventions from April to June 2018, while the control group did not receive any therapies. Data were collected using the global formula calculating BMI and Rosenberg SelfEsteem Scale (1965) and analyzed by SPSS-21 software. The ANCOVA and repeated measure ANOVA (i. e., Bonferroni test analysis) were used to compare three groups at three stages of pretest, post-test and follow-up. Results: The results showed that BMI and self-esteem in both experiment groups were significantly improved at both post-test and follow-up, compared to the pre-test and control group (p<. 001). However, there was no significant difference between the effectiveness of CBT and LEBT in both stages of post-test and follow-up. Conclusion: Both psychological therapies are effective to address low self-esteem and high BMI of obese women.

Introduction: Coronary heart disease (CHD) is one of the main death causes in the world. Therefore, it is necessary to identify the psychological disorders in these patients and to apply the necessary interventions to reduce them. The purpose of the present research was to examine the effectiveness of transdiagnostic treatment on health locus of control and emotional regulation in patients with CHD. Methods: This research was a quasi-experimental one with the plan of pretest posttest control group. The statistical population included all patients with coronary heart disease 40-65 years old who were treated in Kasra hospital of Tehran in 2019. The sample included 90 patients assigned to the two groups experimental and control group randomly. Data were collected using the Multidimensional Health Locus of Control Scale and Emotional Regulation Scale. The data were analyzed using the methods of multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA). Results: The result showed that the transdiagnostic therapy significantly increases the internal health locus of control and emotional regulation in the experimental group (p<0. 01). Discussion: This finding has important implications as regards the education and mental health of patients with coronary heart disease. Based on the results, it is necessary to pay more attention to two variables health locus of control and emotional regulation in the design of interventions to reduce the psychological problems, patients with CHD.