The Financial Accounting and Auditing Researches
Year:2015 | Volume:6 | Issue:24|Papers Count:8

The purpose of this paper is to examine the relationship between corporate governance mechanisms and factors influencing the decisions of the auditor. Due to the fact that the auditors have a major impact on their independence. In recent years, research in this field has become an important drummer. Various factors may affect the auditor change; this study has addressed this issue from the perspective of corporate governance. Governance is a set of rules, regulations, procedures, and internal and external criteria to guide the behavior of people with different The research is based on the balance sheet and income statement data for firms listed in Tehran Stock Exchange, the company's own corporate governance mechanisms can influence decisions regarding the selection or change of auditor that one of these mechanisms is that ownership concentration in the present study examined the effects on the auditor. The results show that the higher the percentage of shares held by the owner of the company, There are now more willing to change their auditors to select a smaller auditor and When the Company for the fiscal year prior to the audit opinion is received unauthentic reluctant to change their auditors to select smaller auditors therefore The first hypothesis is not rejected the second hypothesis is rejected.

Competitive is defined as ability of the company to remain in the business market, protecting various company capitals, gain (return) capitals and guarantee the jobs at the future. According to the above definition can be stated that the competition has an important impact on the company's operations. On the other hand, studies in some countries show that dividend policy can be influenced by market competition. So, this study investigates the impact of different levels of competition on dividends policy. Accordingly, the survey required information from the 120 companies listed in Tehran Stock Exchange and combined regression model was used to test the hypothesis. The results show that increasing product market competition, profits and dividend increases, too. Thus, firms due to competitive conditions and as a forced way to stay in the competition action distribute and pay cash dividend to the shareholders.

The recent researches consider the information content of consolidated financial statements compared with parent company financial statements & examine its usefulness for the users. In this survey 38 listed companies in Tehran stock exchange during 1385-1390, were studied in order to fit a multivariable panel data regression. The results of this analysis show that, consolidated income statement is much more useful than parent-only income statements. Consolidated & parent cash flows statements don’t have any information content. Moreover, in comparison with cash flows statements, income statements are more useful.

This study examines the relationship between accounting disclosure and accounting quality in two aspects: discretionary accruals and conservatism (conditional and unconditional) for 1386-1390. Here the major concentration is on conditional and unconditional conservatism, the effect of accounting disclosure on them and the relationship between them. In order to evaluate disclosure quality, the rating information of companies published by the Tehran Stock Exchange, and for evaluating accounting quality, discretionary accruals and conservatism respectively using cross-sectional jones model and Ball & Shivakumar model was used. Findings suggest that accounting disclosure and discretionary accruals are negatively related, but there was no meaningful relationship between accounting disclosure and two forms of conservatism. In addition, despite of expectation there wasn’t negative relationship between two forms of conservatism.

The agency relationship problems, increases the management's desire to hold cash. On the other hand, since the performance of managers is focused by shareholders, so managers must be responsive to the stagnating cash in the company. This responsibility can be achieved by one of the management tools that is, income smoothing. The aim of this study is to consider the relationship between cash balance and income smoothing in companies listed in Tehran Stock Exchange. In order to fulfill the research objectives, two hypotheses have been formulated. The statistical sample of the study included 73 companies. To test hypotheses, multiple regression using combined data have been used. Research results indicate that there is a significant and positive relationship between cash balance and income smoothing. But there was no significant relationship between positive changes in cash balance of this year than last year and income smoothing.

Stock exchange is a secure way to gain public trust for investment in different securities with varying risks. In this way small and scattered capitals which cannot be utilized alone can be accumulated and a huge investment can be made of them for economic development and progress. In stock exchange, there are a lot of sensitivities to price formation course. This has caused that changes related to such phenomenon to be systematically analyzed. In recent years, a variety of models have been employed by specialists for prediction of share price. Since Artificial Intelligence Techniques which include Neural Networks, Genetic Algorithm and Fuzzy Logic have achieved successful results in complex problems, they are used more for this purpose.Present study intends to answer the question whether using a combination of Artificial Intelligence Technique, a model can be set up which compared to other linear and non-linear methods predicts share price with less error. In this research, to predict stock price (Tehran stock exchange - Iran Khodro CO), a combination of Artificial Intelligence Methods including Neural Networks, Fuzzy Logic and Genetic Algorithm are used and this combined model is compared with Neural Network Methods, the title for one of the other Artificial Intelligence Models, and ARIMA linear model, given R2, MAE, MAPE, MSE. The results of this research shows that the superiority of Hybrid model compared to other models are examined.

The aim of this study is to compare explainatry power of economic value added (EVA) and intellectual capital (IC) in determination of firm's stock price in Tehran Stock Exchange. To do so, 70 firms listed in TSE are investigated for the priod of 1382 to 1389. Pulic (2000) model is used for IC measurement and Stewart (1991) for EVA. The results of the study show that EVA has more explainatry power than IC. This result shows that, in contrast with most of countries, TSE firms put more emphasis on financial and physical capital and IC have not obtained its real placement in the capital market of Iran.

This study examines the role of internal audit function (IAF) in the timeliness of financial audit. Audit delay is the number of days between a firm’s fiscal year-end and the audit report date. This delay reduces the access to information among market participants and potentially reduces the information content of accounting reports. Audit delay also serves as a proxy for audit efficiency. Therefore, this research has been lunched using data from 57 firms listed on Tehran Stock Exchange that their internal audit reports had been offered to audit committee or Board. In this research we used the survey method by questionnaire for gathering required data. Logit regression and Pearson correlation have been employed. We used objectivity, age of internal audit unit and size of internal audit unit to measure IAF. The research results indicate that there are a negative relationship between objectivity and size of internal audit unit with audit delay; however, there is no significant relationship between age and audit delay.