JOURNAL OF PLANT PRODUCTION SCIENCE (JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL RESEARCHES)
Year:2010 | Volume:2 | Issue:4|Papers Count:8

In order to study the effects of inter and intra row spacing of sowing on yield and yield components of Faba bean, an experiment was conducted in research farm of Ramin University of agricultural and natural resources, Ahwaz in 2007-2008. The experimental design was strip blocks in randomized complete design with four replications. The Treatments were inter row spacing (30, 45, 60 and 75 cm) in horizontal plots and intra row spacing (10, 15, 20 and 25 cm) in vertical plots. The results showed that inter row spacing and intra row spacing had significant effect on number of pod per plant, number of grain per pod, biological yield and grain yield, but had not significant effect on 1000 grain weight and harvest index. Interaction effects of row spacing and inter row spacing was significant only for grain yield. Also, means comparison showed that with increasing of inter row spacing and intra row spacing, the number of pod per plant decreased, but number of grain per pod increased. Inter row spacing of 60 cm and intra row spacing of 20 cm produced maximum grain yield and inter row spacing of 30 cm and intra row spacing of 30 cm produced minimum grain yield.

In order to identify the morphological sources for yield variation and to determine the most important traits affecting yield in Corn hybrids, an experiment was conducted in 2008 in Shushtar City. 28 hybrids studied using a RCBD with 3 replications on 30 morphological traits. Correlation coefficients results indicated that grain yield with grain filling period, plant growth period, grain row number in ear and grain number in ear traits had positive significant correlation and with other traits had no torrelation. Stepwise regression results indicated that only grain filling period was input into the model and 63 percent determined variation of grain yield. In factor analysis traits, 9 independent factors, 84.49 percent of all data variation explained. Grain characteristics as first factor, explained 12.57 percent of all data variance. Second factor, plant growth characteristics, third factor podancul length, fourth factor phonological traits, fifth factor leafs number, sixth factor grain yield, seventh factor ear characteristics, eigth factor ear diameter and ear wood diameter and ninght factor hektolitr weight were named. This factors 12.2, 10.5, 9.92, 9.47, 8.5, 8.1, 7.75 and 5.48 percent recpectively of all data variations determined. 1000 grain weight and grain protein percent were enjoyed of low important.

In order to study of sowing date and plant density on agronomic traits of Rapeseed cultivars (B. napus L.), a field experiments were carried out at the Gorgan Agriculture experimental Station during 2002-2004 cropping seasons. The experimental design was spilt plot factorial in a randomized complete block design with four replications. Four sowing date levels (Oct. 15, Oct. 30, Nov. 15 and Nov. 30) were assigned to main plots and combination of rapeseed cultivars (Hayola 420 and R.G.S003) and plant densities (Including 80 and 120 plants/m2) were randomized in subplots. Yield and yield components were negatively affected by late sowing date significantly as the number of silique per plant, grain per silique, 1000 grain weight and seed oil content were reduced. Qualitative characteristics such as oil yield were decreased significantly. Yield and the number of silique per plant decreased significantly by density increasing. Planting date and density affected grain yield significantly, as the highest grain yield of sowing dates of 15 Oct, 30 Oct and 15 Nov belonged to density of 80 plants/m2 and fourth sowing date belonged to density 120 plants/m2. The oil content in second year was less than the first year, which could be associated with the heat stress at physiological maturity.

Final grain weight is a component of grain yield in Wheat (Triticum aestivum L), that is dependent on the rate and a duration of the grain filling period. A thorough understanding of the grain filling process my be helpful in attempts to breed for increased yield and early maturity in Wheat. This study was conducted to evaluated ten wheat cultivars, at Research Farm, College of Agriculture, Islamic Azad University Shoushtar Unit, in 2009-10. A randomized complete block design With for replication was conducted. The logistic curve provided a good fit to the grain filling data obtained in this study. Rate and duration of grain filling were obtained from the fitted curve. Cultivars differed significantly in rate grain filling, duration of grain filling and final grain weight. Correlation coefficient between final grain weight and rate grain filling was high positive. But the phenotypic correlation between the rate grain filling and duration of grain filling was not significant and suggested that there was no genetic association between these characteristics. Results suggested that it should be possible to simultaneously improve rate of grain filling and final grain weight without lengthening duration of grain filling.

Precise and correct understanding physiological processes is controlling yield and optimum use of them farming increased crop yield potential. in Different densities to evaluate the growth and yield of Chickpea cultivars was preformed a factorial experiment in the form randomized block design in three replicates at Agricultural Research Station farm in Khorram Abad 85-1384. Figures used include Vision, Hashem, ILC482 and grite densities were tested, including 25, 50, 75 plants per square. The results showed that the desired difference between the densities of significant yield was observed. Duncan's method compared to the mean density above 25 indicates square meter production plant (24/1645) kg ha. ILC482 number of morphological and physiological was superior to other cultivars that grain yield was quite evident. So this figure production (90/1650) kg/ha ranked highest yield, but superior in many traits with the figure number in the grite was a statistical group. The maximum dry matter accumulation of 142 days after planting, respectively, and then to reduce agency. Slope of this curve in the figures and Hashem was slower than ideal. The highest crop growth rate (CGR) in 118 days after planting, obtained. Relative growth rate (RGR) will decline over time. ILC482 number and density of 25 plants per meter square terminal stages of growth of relative growth rate, leaf area index, leaf weight ratio and leaf area ratio and had higher net absorption rate.

In order to evaluation of the effect of nitrogen levels and plant density on grain yield and yield components of rapeseed cultivar Hayola 401, a field experiment was conducted in 2003-2004 at Ramin Agricultural and Natural Resources University of Ahvaz. Experiment was in arrangement a split plot with completely randomized block design and three replications. Main plots were consisted of 5 levels of nitrogen (45, 90, 135, 180 and 225 kg N.ha-1) and subplots of three plant densities (50, 70 and 90 plants.m-2). Results showed, the effect of nitrogen and plant density and interactions were significant (P<1% on yield and yield components.Lowest and highest grain yield was allocation from 45 kg N.ha -1 (1570/87 kg.ha-1) and 225 kg N.ha-1 (2980/9 kg N.ha-1) respectively. The highest and lowest grain yield were observation in 90 plants.m-2 and 50 plants.m-2 respectively. Application of 225 kg N.ha-1 at 90 plants.m-2 produced the highest grain yield. The number of pod per plant, 1000-grain weight and oil yield increased while the number grain per pod and oil percent decreased as application nitrogen incearsed. The oil yield increased while the pod per plant, number grain per pod, 1000-grain weight, and oil percent decreased as plant density increased. The highest oil percent obtained from 45 kg N.ha-1 at 50 plants.m-2 and lowest oil percent was in 135 kg N.ha-1 and 50 plants.m-2 density treatment.

In this study, wood vinegar effects on potato mini-tuber production of Agria cultivar were evaluated in the greenhouse during 2009. Produced Agria potato cultivar plantlets undeirn vitro condition were planted into pots, which were included peat mass of Biolon and Punch (1:1 v/v). The experiment design was randomized completely with six treatments included four concentrations of wood vinegar (1:200, 1:300, 1:400, 1:500), Confidor (1:1000) and control (without Confidor and wood vinegar) in four replications. The wood vinegar and Confidor applied by spraying on leaves in four stages germination, complete covering, before and after tuberization. Mini-tubers harvested after 80 days. During growth period and after harvested were measured the traits as plant height, main stem per plant, minituber number and weight per plant and m2 and mini-tuber size average. Analysis of variance of studied parameters showed that between concentrations of wood vinegar and Confidor as traits such as mini-tuber number and weight per plant and m2, mini-tuber size average had significantly different. The concentrations 1:500 and 1:400 of wood vinegar caused the increase in number and weight mini-tuber per plant and m2.

In order to study of effect of plant density and herbicide consumption on weed control a factorial experiment in randomized complete block in 4 replication was carried out in dehloran region. of the experiment includes 2 factors, 4 levels of corn plant density (6.5 (D1), 7.5 (D2), 8.5 (D3), 9.5 (D4)) and 3 levels Of herbicides (nicosulfuron, foramsulfurom, complete control weeds) result indicated that plant density effect was significant on grain yield, kernel weight and number of grains per ear in the level of 1 percent but the other yield components like number of ear rows have no significant difference. the maximum grain yield (13630 kg/ha) was obtained in (12020 kg/ha) 8.5 plant/m2. After that was 9.5 plant/m2. the effect of herbicide was significant except for number of ear rows. the significantly for grain yield was in the level of 1 percent. the was maximum yield obtained from complete controlled evidence with grain yield of 13150 kg/ha and minimum was for foramsulfurom with grain yield of 10110 kg/ha. amung the herbicides in this experiment maximum effect on weeds dry weight was obtained by nicosulfuron and minimum obtained by foramsulfurom. result indicates that the most efficient configuration of plant density and herbicide type was 8.5 plant/m2 nicosulfuron with grain yield 13732 kg/ha.