ARMANSHAHR
Year:2020 | Volume:13 | Issue:30 |Papers Count:20

Biophilia, in addition to its concepts in philosophy and psychology, has been rooted into man-made environments in recent decades. Biophilic architecture is a part of an innovative view that helps both people and the environment in the way to keep them healthy and promotes the physical performance for having better life. Commercial areas, as spaces for meetings, entertainment, leisure, relaxation, and interchange, are the most important domains that are considered nowadays; and the designers of these spaces should focus on providing diverse memorable sensorial, emotional, and behavioral experiences; and also be able to improve the offer conditions, their attractiveness, and their image by considering alternative or complementary factors. Examining biophilic design elements in architectural cases may lead us to find the impression of these elements on increasing customer attraction. It seems that finding common features of biophilic design and customer attraction, and different attributes, such as the design, management, and environment arrangement increase the number of visits. Despite the changes of the community’ s psychological needs in the last decades and increasing users of commercial spaces, these spaces receive less attention, and few practical studies on these areas in Iran, make this study more significant. The present study aims to investigate the impact of biophilic design elements on customer attraction in Saray-e-Moshir, Shiraz. For this purpose, based on mixed research methodology and library studies, common criteria of biophilic architecture and customer attraction are retrieved from related literature; then through field observations and questionnaire distribution among customers and visitors, the effects of factors on each other are analyzed, using SPSS software and correlation method. The results indicate that the components of biophilic architecture have a significant relationship with the factors of customer attraction, and the biophilic features not only help increase the attraction but also enhances people’ s spiritual, social and cultural health.

The majority of the energy exchanges in buildings are dependent on or at least related to the exterior skin of the building. The exterior skins are the localities of the building’ s heat exchange with the peripheral environment, solar energy absorption, ventilation, and light and sound infiltration to the interior environment. These spots play an important role in energy savings in buildings. The double-skin facades have been considered a solution to create transparency, control the effect of the environment on the building, and its useful performance in terms of climatic consistency and energy consumption. Given the heat pileup problems stemming from the greenhouse effect of the intermediate cavity, especially in hot and humid climates; it was deemed necessary to carry out a study to figure out the optimum clearance between two skins to reduce energy consumption. The present study is conducted using information collection, simulation of case study with Design builder software, and analysis of the quantitative data obtained from the simulation of the studied buildings in the hot and humid climate of Kish Island. The multi-story DSF is simulated at various distances between the two skins to investigate the amount of cooling energy consumption. The research findings show the amount of cooling energy used at cavity intervals of 30 to 200 centimeters. The research theoretical foundation is laid on the idea that the southern front of the multi-story DSF, compared to the various types of DSF, has a considerable effect on the optimum conditions of the reduction in energy consumption. The results of this study indicate that the cavity depth plays an important role in the reduction of cooling energy, and a double skin facade with the depth of 50 to 70 centimeters is the optimum distance in reducing cooling energy consumption, compared to other intervals in the low-rise office building in the hot and humid climate.

Tourism and its fast development as well as the creation of the second homes as a result of the presence of tourists in the tourist areas are an important matter regarding the effects they have on the host community. The second homes and their expansion has advantages and disadvantages. Sarein City in Ardabil Province, due to the existence of the hot springs, has undergone remarkable physical development and thereby, the creation and expansion of the second homes. The current study aims to investigate the physical effects of the creation and expansion of second homes from stakeholders’ (the tourists, the local community, and the tourism officers) points of view in Sarein tourist area. The physical effects of the second homes extracted from the theoretical foundations of the study are summarized and a researcher-made questionnaire is developed. The validity of the questionnaire is calculated by Cronbach’ s alpha (α =0. 82). The statistical population is estimated 577 persons in three groups of stakeholders, using the Cochran formula. The SPSS software is used to analyze the data collected from the questionnaires and the one-sample t-test is used to test hypotheses. The results indicate that all three groups of stakeholders generally agree with the improvement in physical conditions. Investigating the micro-factors, the factors such as increasing facilities and services, improving administrative facilities, constructing buildings with new materials, improving communication channels, more attention of managers to development and construction, accelerating construction projects through tourists’ financial assistance, providing development opportunities in the region in the long run, etc. are among the positive physical effects of the second homes. On the other hand, the increase in the building costs and the creation of an architectural style different from the indigenous architecture is among the negative effects from the stakeholders’ points of view.

“ Central courtyard” is an integral part of traditional Iranian houses. In most traditional houses, at least one courtyard can be identified which has been hierarchically located in the entrance of the house and organizes its other spaces. Houses with such spatial system are called “ courtyard houses” . Though the design and construction of such houses have been rendered obsolete for many years, many efforts have been made by researchers in the architecture area to take advantage of the social logic of these houses’ spaces due to their proper response to the needs of Iranian life over a long period of time. But it has always led to the shape imitation, and ultimately the design has not been consistent with the needs of today’ s life. It seems that recognizing the space syntax of Iranian houses and the application of this logic in today’ s design lead to the formation of a genotype containing genes of previous generations, while at the same time is consistent with the appearances and needs of today’ s life. Using graph theory and space syntax and justified plan graph (JPG), this paper sought to investigate the spatial influence of the courtyard on the formation of traditional Iranian houses configuration. In fact, the research question is: what is the difference between the spatial influence of the courtyard and other spaces? In this research, four houses belonging to different historical periods are randomly selected in a specific city such that all four houses have one and only one courtyard. The convex map and justified plan graph and, finally, the mathematical analysis of these samples show the impact of each of the spaces of a house on its spatial organization. The courtyard-related data shows the special impact of this space on the formation of traditional Iranian houses configuration compared to other spaces.

Knowing human beings, society and how they interact with urban spaces is of great importance to achieve human-centered and high-quality architecture and urbanism. So, in the present study, it is attempted to recognize society and city through the cinema as one of the important tools showing the interaction between society and the city simultaneously. The theory of “ reflection” in the sociology of cinema considers films as documents in which social life is reflected. Therefore, the present study aims to criticize modernity and daily urban life, as well as to know the general reaction of Tehran’ s citizens in the face of this city in a specific historical period, through the cinema and the image of the city and society provided by it. The theoretical approach applied in this study is based on the views of Lucien Goldman. Goldman’ s approach to literary criticism is evolutionary structuralism which is applied to achieve the hidden structure of films through the semiotics of the image of layers and the hidden structure of the text. The present study is focused on two of the most influential films of the 1960s and 1970s, namely “ Brick and Mirror” and “ The Cycle” . These films display clear characteristics of modernity, including human alienation in the city, the transformation of socio-cultural behaviors and norms and their impact on behavior and urban norms, the conflict between the old and the new, the instability of physical spaces, the permanent destruction and renovation of the city and so on. Consequently, to accurately know the society who are the audience of architecture, one can use film and cinema, which provide an illustrated report on the social conditions of human beings and how they interact with space and the city in a short period of time.

The indoor airflow in the closed architectural space is also a function of the internal partition walls and their positions in the space, in addition to being dependent on the position and conditions of the blowers and suckers of the ventilation systems. Homogeneous and uniform airflow at the employee level is required for the provision of thermal comfort, which is not created mainly due to improper establishment of partition walls, as well as the positions of blowers and suckers, and in some parts, there is no desired airflow. The present study is carried out using a mixed research method involving empirical research, simulation and case study. In the present study, the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method is applied to predict the velocity and direction of indoor airflow in the closed office space and also to improve the homogeneity of the indoor air flow at the level of the employees of an administrative unit. The comparison between experimental measurements and numerical simulations identifies laboratory errors and confirms the validity of the research method, in addition to increasing the accuracy of calculations. All observations and tests are performed in a randomized case study in Ahvaz (an area with a hot semi-humid climate in which it is required to provide abundant cooling using mixed air conditioning systems). Numerical simulations of this study are carried out using Gambit software and Fluent software. The results show that in addition to the location of the airflow distributor valves, the position of the internal partition walls, in terms of their height, affects the indoor airflow, and the proper design of them can make the indoor airflow homogeneous and predictable.

The principle of flexibility, as an environmental capability of meeting various uses compatible with people’ s various goals, is one of the significant approaches to housing architecture. In Western architecture, this issue has been widely raised with an organized structure after World War I, while in Iranian architecture, it is inherently evident in traditional housing. Unfortunately, due to lack of sufficient knowledge of this principle and the reasons for its use in traditional housing, flexibility has become known as a modern western innovation by people, with the phenomenon of globalization, its western appearance has entered the contemporary architecture of Iran, and even changed the lifestyle of the Iranian people. The present study is descriptive-analytic research in which the factors forming a flexible housing, flexibility typology, and constructive elements of the western and Iranian flexible residential architectures are studied comparatively. The results show that flexibility in Iranian traditional house has originality based on needs, abilities, and knowledge raised at that time and is fully in line with the standards set at modern times and claimed by western architecture. The most important difference between the two is the issue of privacy, which has been ignored in the use of Western design structures in the Iranian context, leading to the change of Iranian lifestyle. By understanding this issue, this social dimension of housing (i. e. privacy) can be considered in the flexibility issue to see the richness of this concept in Iranian architecture.

Landmarks are among the outstanding physical elements of urban spaces and play an effective role in forming spatial identity due to their presence in citizens’ collective and individual memories. Thus, the process of reading landmarks and studying their different semantic layers can be considered as a valuable tool for assessing urban identity. Given the wide range of components of urban identity, in the present study, it is attempted to use a semiotic and phenomenological approach to the elements of the historical axis of Sepah Street in Qazvin to read landmarks and thereby, sense of identity to space. Since Sepah Street, as the first designed street in Iran since the Safavid era, has an organized physical and conceptual structure, the study of which as one of the elements introducing the city identity is significant. To do this, it is assumed that the semiotic relationship between important and historical landmarks of Sepah Street plays an effective role in reading the spatial identity of the street in citizens’ mental and objective perception from a phenomenological perspective. Accordingly, the present study aims to identify the nature of landmarks in Sepah Street in relation to its identity using descriptive-analytical and survey methods. First, using a descriptive-analytical method, the characteristics of landmarks identifying an urban space are identified, and then, through a survey method, the selected components are phenomenologically tested using a research-made questionnaire, interview with citizens and observation of the case study. Then the data are analyzed using a coding method and SPSS 20 software. The results of the present study indicate that there is a significant semiotic relationship between the common phenomenological components of identity and landmarks so that the rich relationships between landmarks, their physical, functional and semantic characteristics and mutual interaction with citizens in the process of perception of street and being stable and memorable in citizens’ minds directly play a role in forming the identity of the street and making it perdurable in people’ s collective and personal memory.

Nowadays, the exclusive attention to the quantitative aspect of space design has resulted in reduced quality of most open spaces so that most of them lack of vitality and dynamicity. Thus, the present study aims to determine the physical-spatial dimensions of environmental vitality of open spaces from the viewpoints of designers and residents to compare their viewpoints and find the differences between them. The present study is carried out using triangulation design, in two quantitative and qualitative parts. In the qualitative part, a semi-structured interview is performed with those who expert in residential complex design. This interview is about the physical-spatial factors affecting vitality of open spaces. Then, the factors are extracted through open coding using the context theory approach and applying MAXQDA software. In the quantitative part, according to the existing theoretical literature, the main factors are extracted and a questionnaire is designed based on them. Then, the questionnaires are distributed among 376 residents in all residential complexes studied. The data obtained from the questionnaires are analyzed using Pearson test in SPSS software. Based on the outcomes obtained from the analysis of the interviews with experts, there are 12 main physical-spatial factors affecting the environmental vitality of the open spaces in the residential complex. According to inhabitants, the components of “ sense of solidarity” and” memory-making capability of place” are the most effective components. These components, like some others, have been underestimated by the experts. Eventually, by analyzing the responses of residents, the other influential components are extracted. In addition, by analyzing the residents’ opinion, residential complexes with dispersed pattern are common in two components of cohesion of situations and spatial diversity, residential complexes with centralized pattern in two components of spatial continuity and openness and residential complexes with linear pattern in four components of form, order and diversity, the sense of recognition and self-respect as well as the creation of public and private arenas.

Contemporary architectural forms created by various ideas and design techniques have become possible with the advances of computer simulation technology and through construction methods allowing the effective production of repetitive and variable forms with intended materials. Most of these architectural forms are perceptively being simulated and individualized in urban settings. These architectural forms with simulated images reflect the current consumer-oriented society in most countries including Iran. In this research, it is attempted to discuss the role of digital design techniques, as a tool for the active creation of simulated forms in contemporary architecture of Iran, with a semiology approach to the characterization of form in mega projects designed and constructed in urban areas. This approach establishes an association between the images of superficiality and the human sensory experience in a social context, leading to the emergence of innovative forms in contemporary architecture. The results revealed that with the utilization of digital design techniques to produce simulacra, younger architects of Iran have reconfigured the perceptions about architectural forms, thereby enhancing their performance as a landmark in urban settings.

In recent decades, the nature of cities has been indebted to a set of territorial factors and integrated and multi-layered connections between their constructive factors. However, now a significant part of this nature has been reduced to the presence or absence of signs, functions, and bodies. One of the results of these changes is the increasing formation of functionalist centers such as shopping centers; centers that are introduced as a platform for consumerist events. Evidence suggests that a cultural change has occurred in the function of shopping centers that has led to the emergence of new kinds of cultural consumption and thus, physical changes in these centers. Therefore, by selecting three shopping centers, the present study, based on the attitude obtained from the literature of the related studies, compares the considered indicators in them. This study is applied descriptive-analytical research, in which theoretical data are collected using library research method, and the field data are collected by observation and using questionnaires. After studying the theoretical literature on cultural consumption, 21 criteria are extracted to examine case studies in terms of 10 physical factors. Also, the information required to investigate the samples is obtained by using purposeful observation and completing 300 questionnaires by the clients, and then, processed using data mining technique in IBM SPSS Modeler software. The study results suggest that the proposed hypothesis on the impact of physical factors on consumption patterns in many cases can explain the process of changes. Also, it seems that shopping centers are part of the temporary culture of people who spend their time there; and the spaces in them are not only parts of consumption, but also are consumed themselves.

The present study focuses on the five principles of ecological architecture defined by Ryn and Cowan (2007) to analyze the contemporary architecture of Iranian plateau. In the present study, a parametric mechanism based on mathematical algorithms and the graph theory are applied to implement these principles to evaluate and design architectural projects. This study begins with the design of a decision tree search system as the agent of searching the concepts, then complements this system with the graph theory to implement the principles. The graph theory allows numerous iteration of the algorithm. Two vertices of the graph theory, extracted from the decision tree search system, are attributed to the concepts of architectural and ecological system. The five edges of the graph connect the vertices together bilaterally, each reflecting one of the five principles. Overall, using the algorithm and its derived graphs, the desired outputs can be cast into different independent diagrams. Gephi application is recommended and applied to analyze the graph in this study. To test our algorithms on Iran’ s contemporary architecture, the data are gathered based on the survey of the portfolios of leading architectural designers who currently work under Architectural Engineering System (AES) with license No. 352 in Pars Province in Iran. The expertise and the practical experience of the AES members are highly respected and often noted. These data enable us to employ a ‘ bipartite’ approach whereby the desired, ideal, or optimum outcomes are set in contrast with the existing Iranian apartment buildings that are currently in use. We employ several social factors (structures) as selective concepts. First, the organization of this study is discussed and then, the data are applied to analyze the results.

Nowadays, the need for eternity in contemporary architecture is one of the most important issues that attract architects. Many of the architectural works do not reach timelessness and eternity, even if accepted at a certain period. Although in recent years some conferences and congresses on architecture have tried to find out how to create an eternal work in the field of architecture by examining eternal architectural works, there is still a lack of a suitable model for studying how to achieve eternity and persistence in architectural works. Since in architecture, persistence can be examined in two aspects: physical persistence and perceptual persistence, the present study aims to provide a practical solution to this problem by studying perceptual persistence and how to achieve it, in order to provide spaces that meet the spiritual and internal needs of human beings positively at all times, and communicate with a wide range of people. To explain the research problem, the grounded theory method is used. The findings of the study result in the development of a theory of perceptual persistence in the form of a coding pattern and the relationships between codes. The results of the study are also based on the important point that using patterns common among eternal works is a prerequisite for perceptual persistence in architecture, but not a sufficient condition. What keeps common patterns alive is the use of meaning and attention to human nature in the form of code and symbol, which are present in the building body under the influence of the two factors of culture and spirituality.

As a result of acculturation and confusion in contemporary Persian architecture, houses constructed during this period do not conform to the social and cultural requirements of the local community. Hence, identifying identity-forming elements and concepts in the architecture of Kashan plays a key role in the process of constructing houses possessing an identity and responding to the cultural and social requirements of the local community. In order to identify and explain identity-forming elements and concepts, the qualitative method and the content analysis approach were employed to study two historical houses in Kashan. Based on the results, the identity-forming elements were divided into the natural and physical categories. In addition, identity-forming concepts and principles were determined, some of which confirmed the views of the scholars while others were consistent with such views to some extent. The identity-forming elements in the architecture of the houses of Kashan were divided into two parts of the natural elements and physical elements. The natural elements are water, wind, light, and plants. Physical elements are linking vestibules, Hashti, room, veranda, central courtyard, alcove, hall, wind catcher, and Howz-khā neh. The concepts and principles affecting the formation of housing in Kashan include introversion (i. e., the quality of being inward-looking), centralism, the relationship of architecture with nature, the application of geometric principles in the formation of spaces and visuals, attention to hierarchy and the prioritization of space, space flexibility, proportion and balance in the relationship of architecture to natural elements, and harmony with the climate of the region. Some characteristics and concepts were determined to be “ relative” identity-forming features of houses in Kashan. These characteristics and concepts are as follows: Self-sufficiency (i. e., the use of local materials in the construction of the house) and humanized architecture (i. e., the practice of giving a human character to the construction), transparency, and continuity.

Human beings have most often had thoughtful and rational interactions with their living environment throughout the history of life. But, nowadays, the continuous observations in the world in different forms reflect the idea that people do not have a favorable relationship with the nature and their living environment. Hence it can be stated that they have become indifferent, negligent, and easygoing towards their life environment and the nature in their periphery. But generally the apathy towards the environment and the necessities of its protection can have a common reason and root, the same way that the human beings’ attention and protection of the nature come from the same root. So the point of this study is that despite the vast and profound environmental knowledge attained from scientific findings, where does the indifference towards complications created by neglecting the environment that effect the environment, humanity, and the future come from and what could be the reason? The present researchers of this study believe that the prior research in regard to this issue that have been raised in scientific circles so far to explain and justify this negligence for the environment cannot respond to this important and complex problem. Thus, the current research paper aims at exploring the various aspects of such a problem, thereby to figure out the primary reason for such an indifference and gap. The research method in this article is based on the qualitative method paradigm and can be enumerated amongst analytical-heuristic research. In this method while investigating the cognitive dimensions of the subject and beyond analyzing the scientific sources and existent evidence, the main cause of this phenomenon is discovered and judged by taking advantage of scientific experiences. In the conclusion section, the authors come to the belief that the reduction or omission of the sufficient and necessary attention towards the environment can be defined and elucidated within the format of a hypothesis related to Environmental Intelligence.

When it comes to objective-subjective issues, such as physical changes, it seems difficult to measure satisfaction through direct questions and quantitative methods. Question of the present study is to explain the methodological challenges of evaluating residents’ experience of the severity of physical changes based on the satisfaction criterion. The research method is content analysis, which is accompanied by a logical argument and inferential model, obtained from the study of previous models, in the first phase of the research. Accordingly, residents’ motivations and individual characteristics, dynamic nature of adaptation and satisfaction over time and finally, lack of contextual framework are some of the challenges in this field, and indicators such as individual characteristics, level of adaptation, emotional and cognitive assessment that leads to mental perception, have a cyclical relationship with each other over time. In the second phase of the research, a quantitative questionnaire is developed through extracting indicators from the study context, and reviewed by five experts using formal content method, in order to validate the proposed framework. Then, the snowball sampling method was applied to select 34 residents of both men and women with more than 25 years residency in Tusca neighborhood, as a target neighborhood, and Ahu neighborhood, as a control neighborhood in Mahmudabad city. In Tusca neighborhood, the indicators are extracted based on a semi-structured questionnaire. The results obtained from both neighborhoods indicate the validity of the questionnaire and its preparation process. The dependency of answers on residence place allows to achieve more precise results of residents’ satisfaction with physical changes. Therefore, attention to the cognitive-perceptual experience of residents in a cyclical process and using a method based on qualitative-evaluative exploratory analyses, makes it possible to obtain real criteria for residents’ satisfaction with the severity of changes.

In the past, resilience, as a concept, was mostly limited to post-crisis physical measures in the event of large-scale catastrophes. But today, it is believed that resilience should be built step by step in the scale of urban places to gradually complete the whole picture of a resilient city or country. But, according to the researcher’ s studies on the literature, building a resilient place has its own set of requirements in three physical, sociocultural and mental categories. Among these requirements, people’ s mentality about where they live is considered the most important one for shaping a resilient place. These are the qualities that make a place challenged with all kinds of physical and sociocultural adversities, home. As the literature puts it, sense of belonging to the place, and sense of place are the two mental qualities contributing to a resilient place. This research attempted to examine these factors in one of the neighborhoods of Oudladjan historic district where despite challenging with an array of physical and sociocultural problems on an everyday basis, some old residents still consider it their home. Exploring these people’ s mindset by gathering and analyzing their lived experience of this neighborhood, it is found that there are other mental factors contributing to this community’ s resilience besides the two mentioned ones. This research is conducted to answer a longstanding question of dealing with Oudladjan historic area where has not been quite successful putting behind an everyday aggravating crisis challenging it for about 30 years, despite all management, planning, and design attempts. Besides, our indigenous body of literature has not pointed out resilient place and its requirements very eagerly. So, it is important to explore this subject and provide appropriate grounds for this kind of research.

Urban trails, which are not very old in Iran, are a type of urban spaces created with the aim of promoting the general health of citizens by increasing physical activity and encouraging to take exercises in cities. The current research aims to develop design strategies in line with enhancing the quality of such walkways. In the present study, data are collected using second desk study and semi-structured interview as well as questionnaires. To analyze the data, the strategic analysis of the internal and external factors as well as QSPM Matrix are applied. The case study was the “ Health” Trail in Shiraz as the first health-oriented walkway in the city. The study population included 35 municipality experts and urban planning students. In the first stage, the strengths, weaknesses, threats and opportunities of the “ Health” walkway were identified after performing a semi-structured interview with the study population. In the second stage, the themes were categorized and subsequently prioritized through a closed Likert-based questionnaire assisted by the tables of internal (IFE) and external (EFE) factors. The study of the tables shows the conservative strategies as the most important strategies for the promotion of the quality of walkway. After these two stages, the conservative strategies were prioritized using QSPM matrix to organize the walkway. The findings show that having an opportunity of being in the proximity to natural factors as two strategies, i. e. “ making an appropriate space on the side of the river for visual and environmental enjoyment of being proximity to the river” and “ constructing suitable walls in the periphery of gardens in Qasr e Dasht for visual and environmental enjoyment of being proximity to green spaces” , are the most important conservative strategies for promoting the quality of Shiraz’ s Health trail and encouraging people to do more physical activities on this trail.

Improvement of environmental qualities in urban public spaces that have been changed into pedestrian areas enables users to experience urban spaces in a more deliberate and accurate manner, and thereby improving social interactions. The pedestrian area of Imam Hossein Square, which is an important square in Tehran, was a widely criticized project. The present study aims to investigate the environmental qualities of Imam Hossein Square physically, perceptually, and socially using behavior analysis through questionnaires and inferential statistic techniques, including regression analysis and Pearson correlation coefficient. The findings suggest that the most important factors affecting the quality of urban squares are sensory richness, consideration of human scale and pedestrian-orientedness, legibility, and safety and security. Imam Hossein Square, however, has mostly failed to meet most of the quality criteria studied. Other reasons for the relative failure of the project include insufficient planning, lack of attention to micro-spaces and retail stores, inappropriate management of land use after the construction of the pedestrian area, and lack of planning for social events in the square.

Each city has a unique feature that can be used as a stimulus for the development of macro and participatory urban planning. This feature can be applied as a tool for the rational and normative management of cities by governments and urban managers. In this approach, this feature can be a project that serves as a catalyst to address poverty, crime, job creation and urban dynamism, as well as to re-examine neighborhood life and civil rights with respect to ethnic differences and cultural conflicts that require political, managerial and leadership, economic, legal, social and environmental reformations. The present study aims to extract, sift, and prioritize the indispensable indicators for urban catalyst projects planning. Applying these types of projects requires careful and in-depth examination at three levels: macro, meso, and micro. Since these projects pave the way for the growth, development and globalization of cities and implemented in inefficient urban fabric with high capacity, and on the other hand, any national development largely depends on the development of urban areas, especially metropolitan areas, in this research, after the development and sift of indicators and prioritization of them using Fuzzy Delphi model, the status que of Tehran metropolis was studied and prioritized with three characteristics: 1-enjoyment at desirable level, 2-enjoyment at poor level, and 3-Lack, in order to be used as headlines to implement these projects at micro level to revitalize, re-develop or regenerate worn-out textures, brownfields, industrial abandoned lands, and inefficient urban spaces in Tehran metropolitan area that require new plan. At the end, practical suggestions are made for the implementation of the components of urban catalyst projects planning at the two meso-and macro-levels focusing on Tehran.