SOCIETAL SECURITY STUDIES
Year:2011 | Volume:- | Issue:24|Papers Count:14

Due to implementation of a series of development programs, Lorestan province witnessed some socio-cultural changes over the recent years. Transit process from tradition to modernity, has had vast impression on social life.The changes, on one hand have created positive consequences and some vast anomies in the traditional life patterns, and in turn it can lead to emergence of various social problems. The present research aims at explaining the relationship between socio-cultural changes and changes in the level crimes in Lorestan province. Social structure theories are the theoretical framework. The present research conducted through qualitative and quantitative section implies that there is correlation between changes in unemployment employment, population increase, urbanization, emigration, divorce, education, and crime level over years 1996 to 2006. Findings of the quantitative section confirmed in the qualitative section. Therefore, from the participants' point of view in the research, one can conclude that socio-cultural changes have led to increase in crimes.

At the outset of the third millennium, approximately half of the world population is estimated to settle in urban regions, where people consume the most resources and produce the highest amount of waste and pollution. Poverty, environment destruction, lack of urban services, decline in existing infrastructures and lack of access to land and shelter are among the crises associated with population growth in cities.Due to its strategic situation, existence of ports, and high rate of export and import over the recent years, Bandar Abbass city has expanded unprecedentedly.Based on the head count of the year 1996, the population of the city was 273578, while in the head count of the year 2006, its population reached 379301. Therefore, the population of the city over the years 1996 to 2006 has grown by 105, 000. On the other hand, migration from other provinces to the city has led to its expansion, and establishment of suburban neighborhood and frazzle of the old structure of the city, and the above-mentioned neighborhoods have challenged sustainable development in Bandar Abbass city.Results of the research indicate that among the neighborhoods with suburban structure in Bandar Abbass, «Damahi» and «Islamabad» neighborhoods enjoy a rather strong sustainability, and security index in these neighborhoods is proportionate with the inhabitants' satisfaction, is positively assessed, while «Shahnaz» neighborhood is known as an unsustainable neighborhood.«Shahnaz» and other neighborhoods with weak sustainability have messy conditions in terms of security. Based on records, almost half of robberies and street annoyances occur in the above-mentioned neighborhoods, where «Shahnaz» and «Dohezar» neighborhoods rank the first and second in terms of theft rate. Planning in order to prevent migration of indigenous inhabitants, and offering services and facilities to the inhabitants of neighborhoods in informal structures, in accompany with implementation of citizens' training courses, and improvement and renovation plans are among the most important methods to develop urban sustainability and establish security for the inhabitants of neighborhoods.The research is of descriptive, analytical and quantitative type, and is standardized through using models and score, and Morris techniques reviewed and ranked neighborhoods' sustainability level. Afterwards, the conducted ranking of the level of security identified in neighborhoods from the inhabitants' viewpoint.

Women grow healthy people, therefore, ignoring their life conditions, and exposing them to family violence can lead to various mental and/or physical diseases, and this issue may be considered as a threat against family members health. Because of this, the present article aims at reviewing some factors having impact on family violence and its relationship with married women’s mental health.The research is of survey type and the statistical group includes all married women in Tabriz (N=378460), however 384 married women have been selected through random sampling and through using Cockran formula. Questionnaire was the tool used in the present research and data analyzed through using SPSS and Lisrel.Result of correlation test indicates that there is a significant linear relationship between patriarchy variables, experiencing and observing violence in the family of their husbands, interference of husband’s relatives, and irritating husband by wife, on one hand, and variables of family violence, and women’s mental health variables on the other. Results of path analysis indicated that independent variables used in the present research have managed to explain 39 percent of changes in variable of family violence against women, and 33 percent of the changes of variable dependent on mental health.

Mass media which has a lot of addresses, strong impressionability power, and possibility of utilizing direct and indirect techniques, plays a prominent role in training members of the society. The training are not always in line with the norms of the society, e.g. sometimes they teach social deviation and ways of committing crime willingly or unwillingly, and as a result endanger society security. The present article aims at reviewing role of crime training in media, and has dealt with the role of accidents' reports published in Jame-Jam. The study conducted through raising 4 questions and using quantity based analysis approach on accidents’ reports published in Jame-Jam 2009, and analysis unit was an accident.Results indicated that 247 cases out 385 had dealt with crimes. Theft (35%), murder (19%) and fraud (15%), respectively ranked the first, second and third among the cases published in Jame-Jam. Having a glance at the content of the above- mentioned accidents, it can be realized that the newspaper has a little bit dealt with crime training, however, deterrence level of the accidents is little, too (21% of the narrated accidents are deterrent).Throughout the accidents’ reports published in the newspaper, police is recognized as a positive and successful element in the society, which in its turn may prevent readers from committing crimes.

The issue of responsibility on the part of the youth and the level of their loyalty to the basic principles and regulations dominating the community are among the basic issues in social sciences realm, especially in sociology. Undoubtedly, social order and security as establishment of coordination among components of social system in order to achieve the objectives of the whole system is one of the important characteristics of ideal society. The issue is accomplished when members of the society as elements which form components of social system follow their own responsibilities and implement them, and consider themselves responsible to other members of the society. The present article mainly aims at reviewing the level of accountability of the youth toward the society and its relationship with social security feeling in Mashad city.The research is conducted through survey, and questionnaire is used for this purpose. In order to facilitate and speed up the research and save time and money, 385 young people selected through random systematic method for survey.Nominal validity, index for reliability, and Cronbach’s Alpha for stability of research tools is used. In addition, Pearson correlation coefficient statistical methods, variance analysis for testing hypotheses, regression technique and path analysis to assess research model are used, as well.Findings and Conclusion: Based on the research findings, there is a signifi- cant relationship between social responsibility (r=0.64), social commitment (r=0.52), social trust (r=0.72), and the youth education (r=0.34) and social security feeling. Results of regression coefficient indicates that social commitment (Beta=0.32), social responsibility (Beta=0.15), social trust (Beta=0.12) and education (Beta=0.11) based on their level importance in relation with dependent variable have entered the regression equation, and all together they have managed to explain and justify 63 percent of the dependent variable variance (R=0.63). Findings of the research indicate that the more responsible are the youth, the more secure will be the society.

Globalization process, which is associated with expansion of modern informative- communicative technologies, has given such a momentum and depth to the social changes, that has even affected the most stable arena of human life i.e. has led to a serious cultural change. Hence, reviewing the impacts and consequences of application of modern informative-communicative technologies in various arenas is of significant importance.The major users of the technology are agents and especially university students.Using internet, computer and satellite are a major part of the educational, professional and leisure activities of the university students. Therefore, the re is a possibility that benefiting from this phenomenon might have impact on individual priorities and orientation. The present article, which is the result of a research, aims at reviewing the relationship between being subject to globalization process (modern communicative devices) and national identity and global identity. The theoretical pattern of this incorporative research is the theories of Tanberg, Gibins, Gidins and Gimson.The research is conducted using survey method. N=352 including «Tehran Tarbiat Moalem University» students, which were selected through cluster sampling in a few steps and were interviewed. The findings of the research indicated that there is no relationship between being subject to globalization process (modern communicative media) and national identity, however, there is a significant relationship between the issue and global interest feeling.

Trust is the basis and essence of social relationship. It is one of the most valuable and import constituents of social capital which can lead to security and order establishment, with respect to various and wide-range missions of NAJA the present research aims at reviewing Ahwaz citizens’ trust level in police, while dealing with a social issue (group quarrel). On this basis, while using theories related to the issue, eight hypotheses developed. Research information achieved through survey method and through using questionnaire technique from a sample (384 individuals) selected by utilizing Kerjesy and Morgan sampling formula. N=15 included people of higher than 15 years of age in Ahwaz who were selected through multi-stage cluster sampling collected data and analyzed by SPSS. In addition to descriptive statistics methods such as mean, percent, variance, etc., some inferential statistics indices such as T test, variance analysis, regression, etc. used for statistical analysis.Results indicated that there was not significant relationship between all the eight aforesaid hypotheses of variables – age, ethnicity, and family origin and trust in police, while other hypotheses had a significant relationship with trust in police. Among all dependent variables, piety variable had the most effect on dependent variable. In addition, anomy feeling variable had a negative relationship. Finally, (R2=0.461) or linear model determination coefficient justified. In other words, dependent variables which were eligible to enter regression equation, could explain 46 percent of trust variance.