Jentashapir Journal of Cellular and Molecular Biology
Year:2012 | Volume:3 | Issue:1 (6)|Papers Count:10

Background: The evaluation of learner’s performance is one of the important and critical components in teaching-learning process. The aim of this study is to explain the students' experiences of self-assessment in clinical practice.Methods: In this qualitative study in 2010, semi-structured interviews conducted with 20 Nursing and Midwifery students. The sampling method was purposeful and with maximum variation. All of the participants answered two open-ended questions "how do you assess yourself in clinical practice? and do you remember any clinical situation that you assessed yourself?" The probing questions were used to make deeper the interviews. The interviews were recorded, transcribed verbatim and analyzed using content analysis method. The oral informed consent was obtained for the participation in voice recording.Results: The analysis of the students' experiences indicated that the self-assessment criteria are the combination of verbal and non-verbal judgments of instructor, staff, peer & patients & also student’s self-assessment. Attracting "instructor & patients" satisfaction and trust, shining among others and being responsible are mental criteria of self-judgment in clinical area. Therefore, the students sometimes didn’t accept the external evaluator’s assessment grading as real ones, since they suppose them superficial & formal.Conclusion: The findings of this study. Indicate that students evaluate with their own criteria that some of them are written as assessment documents and some of them not. The students are receiving constantly cues from external and internal environment. It seems current evaluation methods are not enough accurate. We need to more research to understand if the students and faculties have the same views on evaluation or not.

Background: Children are the most vulnerable groups in society. Although exact information about prevalence of child isn’t available but short and long- term consequences of child abuse and child neglect have been documented in many studies.Methods: In a descriptive-analytic study 956 children 2-5 years attending health centers of Ahvaz and Haftgel cities were studied in 2010. A questionnaire was used for data collection. SPSS (version 17), frequency tables, chi-square test and logistic regression were used for data entering & analysis.Results: Overall 67.5% (645 cases) of children experienced physical punishment. Prevalence of psychological violence was 70%. Physical violence in the cities of Ahvaz and Haftgel was 67.6% and 67.7% respectively. The highest prevalence of physical and psychological violence was estimated in Arab women and illiterate mothers.Conclusion: The high prevalence of violence in this study is different with the results of studies in other countries but is consistent with the results of studies within the country. Screening & referring of the victims of child abuse should be given priority in health centers.

Background: Food Allergy is now recognized as a worldwide health problem, especially in western nations, and like other atopic disorders, it appears to be on the increase. The aim this study was to estimate the prevalence of food allergy in students in Ahvaz city.Methods: A cross-sectional, descriptive, questionnaire-based study was conducted on 3482 Ahvaz medical and Sh.Chamran universities students in 2009.Results: Out of 3482 participants1536 (44.1%) and 1946(55.9%) were men and women respectively, with a mean ±SD age of 21.96±3.179 years. The main foods reported as causing adverse reactions were Eggplant (20.3%), melon (163%), and processed meats (15.5%). The results indicated overall rate of sensitization to aeroallergens was 49.6%, and it was also observed that 28.3% of these subjects were sensitized to at least one food allergens. Moreover, in this study, significantly more food-allergic subjects were born in spring (58.3%. p<0.01).Conclusion: we suggest standard test to diagnosis fruit allergy and molecular and immunochemical characterization of common allergenic fruits to production of recombinant allergen for diagnostics and therapeutic targets.

Background: Many studies have shown that H2S protects the gastric mucosa on different models of stress but till now there are few studies about the effects of H2S on gastric acid secretion. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate the role of autonomic nervous system in mediating the inhibitory effect of hydrogen sulfide donor (NaHS) on stimulated gastric acid secretion in rats.Methods: Fifty-six male Wistar rats (180-220gr) were randomly divided into 7 groups (8 in each). To gastric catheterization and measurement the gastric acid output, animals underwent a midline laparatomy under a mixture of ketamine and xylasine anesthesia. When the stimulated gastric acid output was relatively constant for thirty min in response to carbachol and pentagastrin, animals received NaHS (80 µg/kg,i.v).To determine the role of autonomic nervous system in mediating the inhibitory effect of NaHS on gastric acid secretion, two groups of animals underwent vagotomy or reserpination.Results: NaHS decreased carbachol-induced gastric acid secretion (p<0.05). The inhibitory effect of NaHS on gastric acid secretion in vagotomized rats was higher than in reserpinized rats.Conclusion: The finding of the present study showed the inhibitory effect of NaHS on gastric acid secretion is partly mediated by sympathetic nervous system.

Background: One of the most common tests performed in the hematology laboratories is erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) that for monitoring infections, inflammatory and cancers diseases. The aim of this study was investigation of ESR in patients referred to Golestan hospital, Ahvaz.Methods: This descriptive and cross-sectional study was done in second half of 1388 on outpatient and hospitalized in different wards of the Golestan hospital, Ahvaz, and ESR was tested by Westergrene method. Data were analyzed by SPSS and using T test.Results: In the present study, mean of Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate was in males and female, 34.5±12.5 and 33.9±12 respectively , that this difference was not statistically significant (P>0.05), mean of age was in males and female, 28.1±13, and 26.9±12.1 respectively, the difference was not statistically significant (P>0.05). There were 51 % males and 49% female.38%of patients in outpatient and 62% in different wards of, the Golestan Hospital, were hospitalized.Conclusion: The results of present study demonstrated increased of ESR in male and female almost identical. ESR was increased more among hospitalized patients than in the outpatient, that probably due to factors such as inflammation, infections, malignancies, autoimmune diseases and ... in hospitalized patients.

Background: Providing the mental health of medical students has an important role in mental health of society. The aim of this research was investigating the relationship between the mental health and hardiness in medical students and comparing these variables in first and last semester medical students.Methods: The present research was correlation and matching method on first and last semester medical students of Jundi Shapur university in Ahvaz .The sample consisted of 170 first and last, male and female semester medical students composed of 85 students from each semester. The instruments were SCL-90-R questionnaire and person view survey scale for hardiness.Results: The results showed that there was a significant relationship between hardiness and its subscales with all subscales of mental health expect paranoid and psychotic thoughts (p<0.001).Also the role of commitment was more important than challenge and control in mental health. In addition, there was a significant difference between first and last semester medical students in mental health and hardiness.Conclusion: The results indicated that the rate of mental health and hardiness in last semester medical students was less than first semester students. So using psychological methods is recommended to improve the mental health of medical students.

Background: Decrease in walking ability and balance disorders are common in multiple sclerosis patients. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of two different therapeutic methods on functional balance in people with multiple sclerosis.Method: In this clinical trial study, 16 patients with multiple sclerosis (8 male and 8 female with Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) 4.5 or less) recruited using non-randomized sampling method. Participants was divided randomly in two group consist of 8 patients. The first group received exercises stabilization exercise and second group received exercises consisted of exercises similar to the first group in addition to balance exercises. These exercises was performed for 8 weeks, 3 times a week, on alternating days. Balance was measured using Lateral Reach test and Walking test.Results: The results showed that there was significant difference between scores of Lateral Reach test to both sides(Right and Left) and Walking test before and after the treatment in two groups (P<0.001). However, in the second group, walking ability was more efficiently influenced in comparison with first group (P<0.01). But, there was not a significant difference in Lateral Reach scores to both sides  (Right and Left) between two groups after treatment (P>0.05).Conclusion: Stabilization exercises combined with balance exercises can be used as a effective treatment method to improve functional balance in patients with multiple sclerosis.

Medical records of patients including inpatient or outpatient, contains important information about health history diagnosis and therapy. These cases have an important role in follow care, medical education and research assessment services, defense patient rights, benefits hospital and staff plays.This cross-sectional study was conducted in 1389. The study the total of clinics of 92 clinics of university hospitals to the status records of all clinics was studied and sampling wasn't done. Data collection tool a questionnaire that was made by researchers based on sources library was prepared. Questionnaire validity was confirmed to base on content validation and to take professors’ idea were considered. Questionnaire reliability was surveyed by test-re-test method. Researchers went to the hospitals and interviews with medical record manager and direct observation to gathering data collection began and questionnaires were completed. Data with descriptive statistics and Excel software were analyzed 54 (58.7%) clinics are recording for referred to clinics. 73 clinics (34.79%) are specialized clinics. 92(100%) clinics is delivered its statistics manually to statistical unit and Diseases of clinical records are not encoded. 3 (37.5%) hospital, clinic records are kept permanently.Medical records (health) provide a valuable tool in quality care for patients disease prevention and health promotion is. Importance of recording for outpatients in all hospital as a decent is not considered and electronic facilities available in hospitals to collect statistics and coding of diseases of clinic records is not used. Maintenance of permanent clinical records is just wasting funds.

Viral hepatitis B, C and HIV infection, have been common diseases during recent decades  that their prevalence has been different in various regions of the country.In this cross-sectional study, 5 ml of the venous blood was drowning and serum was separated within less than 1 hour. Samples keeps in -20 degree centigrade and tests were done weekly with ELISA method. In all positive cases, the sampling and the test was repeated.From 1980 patents that referred to laboratory of Imam Ali hospital of Andimeshk city in 1388 in order to perform tests HBS, HCV and HIV tests, there were 1476 (74.5%) women and 504 (25.5%) men. From 301 men and 1328 women who were HBS Ag test, 14 (4.65%) men and 29 (2.18%) women have positive for HBS Ag. From 486 men and 205 women that have HCV Ab test, 2 (0.41%) men and 1 (0.49%) woman, were positive for HCV Ab. From 127 men and 302 women with HIV test, no positive cases were found.The results of this study, indicate a higher prevalence of hepatitis B than hepatitis C and HIV infection in Andimeshk city that can help to preparation and planning of preventive health policy makers in Andimeshk city.