Jentashapir Journal of Cellular and Molecular Biology
Year:2012 | Volume:3 | Issue:3 (8)|Papers Count:10

Background: The genus-Listeria has two pathogenic species namely, Listeria monocytogenes and Listeria ivanovii. Of these, L. monocytogenes is a well-known cause of abortion, encephalitis and septicaemia in man and animals. Listeria ivanovii is an animal pathogen and in rare cases causes human infection. Contamination of ovine carcasses during the slaughter and processing is a major risk for foodborne infections in humans. Considering the importance of what mentioned in the present study was conducted to detect L. monocytogenes in ovine carcasses slaughtered in Shahrekord abattoir.Methods: A total of 200 meat samples of ovine carcasses were collected from Jooneghan abattoir, Chaharmahal va bakhtiari province. The samples were cultured in specific media. Isolates were subjected to standard biochemical tests. The isolates were then tested by polymerase chain reaction (PCR).Results: The contamination rate in sheep carcasses with Listeria was 2.5% (5 out of 200 samples). L. monocytogenes was not found in any samples and PCR result agreed with result from standard biochemical tests. All five isolates (2.5%) identified as pathogenic L. ivanovii.Conclusion: Although the contamination rate in sheep carcasses with pathogenic L. ivanovii was low and L. monocytogenes was not found in any samples, the role of red meat in transmission of Listeria spp. should be considered.

Background: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between personality traits and coping style among university students.Methods: The sample consisted of 239 female university students that were selected by multistep sampling; it lasted from Jul. to Oct. 2011. They reply to 2 scales: 1) NEO Personality Traits Questionnaire and 2) CISS Coping Style Scale. Data was analyzed with multivariate regression by SPSS 16.0 software.Results: The results showed that the conscientiousness, extraversion and openness were the best predictors of rational coping style. Neurosis and extraversion were the best predictors of detachment coping style. Agreeableness and neurosis were the best predictors of emotional coping style and neurosis was the best predictor of avoidance coping style.Conclusions: This study shows that personality traits can predict kind of coping style among university students. Psychological training can help students to have better life.

Background: There are several indicators to determine the health status in a society. One of these indicators is birth weight, and it is associated not only with nutrition quality, health and prenatal care, it also associated with the child's normal growth and development.Methods: This research was an analytical and cross–sectional research which was performed on women referred to Imam Khomeini Hospital for delivery using accessible sampling method. 120 women with uncomplicated pregnancies and 42-37 weeks of gestation were included in this study. These women had all charactristics of under research units. The information was collected using questionnaire and information checklist, serum zinc level measurement machine, centrifug machine, weighting machine and centimeter. The collected data were analyzed by using an independent T-test and chi-square along with the spss17 statistical software.Results: Two groups of mothers were equal in demographic and midwifery characteristics. The mean of serum zinc level in all under research mothers was 76.57 mg/dl. Mean birth weight in group of mothers with natural serum level of zinc was (70-120) 37.76±3229 grams and mean birth weight in group of mothers with unnatural serum zinc level was (<70) 30.82±3092.17 grams (P = 0.007).Conclusion: Regarding the results of this study, it seems that infant's birth weight can be directly associated with maternal serum zinc level (P = 0.007).

Background: Low birth weight (LBW) is the most common problem that is considered as the only means of measuring the outcome of pregnancy. This research was designed in order to evaluating the effect of mother consulting on weight gain of low birth weight neonate in the educational hospitals of Ardabil University of Medical Sciences in 2011.Methods: In this study 74 mother of low birth weight neonate with age range of 15 to 45, with literacy, and not addicted, gestational age of 36 weeks or more and newborn with birth weight of 2500 grams or less, without having congenital anomalies or diagnosed disease that had been discharge with her mother and without any contraindication for the breastfeeding, were randomly assigned to two groups, consulting (n=37) and common education (n=37) were placed. In case of hospitalization during the study and if breastfeeding neonate by mother, is impossible, these infants were excluded. Mothers during the five sessions of counseling received necessary training and were controlled infants weight by using Seca scales during the meeting. Scales and questionnaires were used for collecting data and software SPSS- 17 used for data analysis.Results: Average of birth weight was 2416.21±140.46 gr in consulting group and 2367.56±172.79 gr, in common educational group. After the end of study, the average weight in consulting group was 3618.91±394.38 and in common educational group was 3168.10±368.62 (P=0.007).Conclusion: The findings of this research show that consulting with mothers can be an effective method for making easy the growth of neonates.

Background: The aim of this study was to investigate and compare the clients’ satisfaction about Opportunities of speech therapy services provided by educational centers of Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences.Methods: In this cross-sectional comparative study, 210 subjects were randomly selected from clients referring to one of the seven speech therapy clinics of Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences. The data were collected by a structured questionnaire used in a face to face interview or in a phone call and the level of clients’ satisfaction was calculated on a 0 to 100 point scale. By using SPSS-15, Chi-square test and One-way ANOVA test were applied to analyze the data.Results: The mean score of general clients’ satisfaction of seven speech therapy clinics of Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences were 62.2±3.6, 73.9±4.7, 80.6±4.2, 64.1±6.1, 70.5±7.9, 70.3±6.1 and 69.6±5.3. Regardless of satisfaction with physical conditions (P=0.067), significant difference was observed among seven speech therapy clinics regarding satisfaction with other studied variables (P<0.05).Conclusion: In clients’ viewpoints, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences was provided the same physical conditions in seven speech therapy clinics. However, the difference in client’s satisfaction with other studied clinical parameters may show the necessity for revision of current conditions.

Background: knowledge of radiology staff in educational hospital can play a major role in improving quality of radiological images and level of medical diagnostic. Thus, the purpose of this study, evaluation skill of radiographers is specially radiology sciences.Methods: this study is descriptive and cross-sectional. A questionnaire according to course topics was prepared including questions of radiology sciences, and was completed by staff and expert educational hospital in Ahvaz. After collecting the data using descriptive statistics from independent T-test were analyzed.Results: The percentage of total awareness of radiological sciences is gained 65.5%. Between age and work history of radiology employees with their awareness there was an inverse and significant relationship (p<0.01) between gender and acquired knowledge there was significant inverse relationship (p<0.05).Conclusion: Based on results of this research radiology staff’s awareness of their courses is in the good situation relatively. Scientific environment for staff and educational workshops can be helpful in improving it.

Background: The prevalence of epilepsy in the elderly is more than other age groups and treatment of epilepsy in this group is challenging for neurologists. The purpose of this study is to compare the efficacy and safety of phenytoin versus oxcarbazepine in the elderly patients with newly diagnosed secondary generalized seizure.Methods: We enrolled 142 elderly patients with epilepsy after considering the measures of exclusion and inclusion criteria. The patients were divided in two groups (A&B) randomly. For the group A phenytoin capsule (>70 y/o 100mg BID & <70 y/o 100mg TDS) and the group B oxcarbazepine 300mg BID tablet were administered in a double blind manner. Through this study all patient were followed up for side effects and their response to treatment (not having seizure) for 6 months.Results: In group A 91.5% of the patients (n=54) were seizure free in the period of 6 months and in the group B 86.6% of the patients (n=58) were seizure free (p=0.377).The frequency of adverse effects was 18.2% in the group A (n=12) and in the group B 6.5% (n=4) of the patients had adverse effects (p=0.045).Conclusion: Both oxcarbazepine and phenytoin are effective in controlling post stroke seizures but adverse effects of oxcarbazepine are less. Therefore oxcarbazepine seems to be a suitable alternative choice for treatment of Seizure in this age group and can be used as first line monotherapy in the elderly patient with Seizure.

Background: The goal of this study was the selection of a suitable suspending agent to prepare a stable oral suspension for drug delivery by ion-exchange resins. Suspending agents are used to increase the viscosity of the media to maintain uniform dispersion during storage.Methods: To select the best suspending agent, some formulations with different concentration of HEC, xanthan gum and HPMC were prepared and evaluated for physicochemical characteristics such as sedimentation volume and redispersibility.Results: Prepared suspensions by HEC and HPMC as suspending agents in low concentrations had low sedimentation volumes and increasing in concentration caused to enhance in sedimentation volume but the redispersibility was difficult. The prepared suspensions using xanthan gum have good sedimentation volume and redispersibility.Conclusion: In suspensions prepared by HPMC and HEC, enhancement in concentration caused to increase in viscosity and to be difficult redispersibility that is in according to stock's law which the more viscosity the lower sedimentation rate. Prepared formulation using xanthan gum contrast with low concentrations, in high concentrations had good sedimentation volumes and ease of redispersibility due to form a flocculating system.

Depression is one of the most prevalent mental illnesses. In order to treating this disease and preventing from coming again, it’s essential that we acquire information about treatment methods and effectiveness rate of these treatments.In this regard, meta-analysis integrates the results of different studies, and then determined the effect size of drug treatments. This study wants to study the effective rate of drug treatments on reducing depression symptoms, with following of meta-analysis model. So 23 studies which were methodologically accepted were selected and meta-analysis was done on it. The research tool was meta-analysis check list. Study findings show the rate of effect size of drug treatments on reducing depression symptoms was d=0.62 (P<0.001). This rate of effective size according to Cohen table was higher than average.Therefore it seems that drug treatments can be applied as the proper treatments for individuals suffering from depression symptoms.