Payesh
Year:2015 | Volume:14 | Issue:5|Papers Count:9

Objective (s): Intersectoral cooperation and community participation are two key strategies to establish justice in health. According to the Iranian 4th Development Plan, the Supreme Council of Health and Food Security of Iran was established in order to promote health through organized intersectoral cooperation. This study aimed to specify the role that related organizations share.Methods: This was a descriptive qualitative study. In order to reveal the role of organizations, legal documents, expert opinions (based on focus group discussion method), and structured interview with members of permanent commission of the Supreme Council of Health and Food Security were carried out. To identify the contribution share, the voting of key informant method including members of the Parliament’s Health Commission and some public health specialists was obtained. Eventually, agreement rate of organizations with identified contributions was designated through interviewing members of the permanent commission of Supreme Council of Health and Food Security.Results: The analysis indicated the following shares as it related to Iranians’ health: Ministry of Health 13%-17%; Ministry of Welfare and Social Security, Islamic Republic of Iran Broadcasting, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Agriculture, The Home Ministry, Department of Environmental of Islamic Republic of Iran all together more than 50%.Conclusion: The findings suggest that Ministry of Health is not the only organization that is responsible for health. Indeed other organizations as indicated should take responsibility for people’s health in Iran.

Objective (s): Study of observed changes in disease incidence provides valuable information for planning and reform programs.Methods: In this study we use Poisson piecewise regression model for modeling change points and their locations for TB trend in of Iran.Results: The findings showed that there are two change points for TB trend in Iran.Conclusion: We find two change points in TB trend and consequently we could divide the TB trend into three segments with different rate of TB.

Objective (s): Recent advances in health geography lead to more understanding of the role of the geographical distribution and location of health services. In order to reduce the social inequalities, there have been several attempts to measure geographical access to health services. The present study was carried out to assess modeling geographical access to medical laboratory services in Iran.Methods: The detailed methodology was reported elsewhere. In brief, study units includeded medical laboratories which were active by the end of March 2013 and located within the city borders. A selected number of cities were included in the study. Data were analyzed using experts’ opinions and using Geographic Information System (GIS). In addition, spatial analysis performed using ArcGIS.Results: This model included two main domains: ‘site selection’ and ‘the number of centers’. The number of centers was dependent upon the urban land use per capita and the site selection consisted of seven elements including population density, distance to service, safety, land use compatibility with neighbors, environmental protection, neighbor to non-constructed land and access to roads.Conclusion: The proposed model can be fit for selecting sites for medical laboratories in all cities and as well as for locating other medical centers in Iran. However, one should be careful for using the model for site selection in cities with small area. The accuracy of selected sites should be confirmed with field visits and opinions of local experts, because some factors such as economic and legal issues influences the possibility of the usage of proposed lands.

Objective (s): The purpose of this study was to translate and validate the Clinical Governance Climate Questionnaire in Iran.Methods: Using the forward-backward approach, the study tool was translated from English into Persian and then translated back to English. Validity was assessed by performing factor analysis, and internal consistency was examined for reliability.Results: The Persian version of the questionnaire was confirmed to measure the readiness to climate of clinical governance consisting of 56 items and 7 factors that jointly explained 62% of variance observed. The cornbach’s alpha was 0.85 indicating a satisfactory result for reliability.Conclusion: The findings approved the reliability and validity of the Persian version of CGCQ for assessing hospitals’ readiness for clinical governance implementation.

Objective (s): Anxiety is one of the critical issues of working life in health system, which can result in poor quality of working life, quality of work and health problems. The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between obvious and hidden anxiety and quality of working life of nurses in educational hospitals.Methods: This descriptive-cross sectional study was performed on 654 nurses of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences. A questionnaire was used to collect the data. The questionnaire included three parts: demographic information‚ items on obvious and hidden anxiety (Spielburger), and the Quality of Work Life questionnaire. Data were analyzed using using descriptive statistics and inferential non-parametric tests including Mann-Whitney, Kruskal Wallis and Spearman test.Results: The state and trait among the nurses was at a moderate to a high level. The level of state anxiety was higher than trait anxiety. The result also showed that quality of life among nurses was moderate. The Pearson correlation test showed a significant negative relationship between quality of work life and nurses’ anxiety (P<0.001). The results showed that there was a meaningful statistical relationship between the state anxiety and having a second job (P= 0.006), number of children (P=0.05). In addition, there was a meaningful statistical relationship between the trait anxiety and having second job (P=0.01), genetic variant (P=0.04), marital status (P=0.02). Moreover, there was a significant correlation between the different dimensions of quality of life with employment status (P=0.03), second job (P=0.01), and car ownership (P=0.005).Conclusion: Decreased state and trait anxiety were associated with increased quality of work life. It seems that in order to improve quality of nursing services there is need to adopt appropriate strategies to reduce anxiety in the workplace.

Objective (s): Despite potential complications of cesarean section, the number of cesarean section has been increased worldwide as well as our country in recent years. In most developed countries, using educational interventions tended to decline the caesarean cases. In fact, training might be resulted in increased awareness and change women’s attitude toward cesarean delivery and could also be effective in reducing caesarean section.Methods: This quasi-experimental study was performed on 130 pregnant women in the sixth or seventh month of pregnancy that referred to urban health centers in Shahr-e kord (located in Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province) in order to assess the impact of an educational intervention on reducing cesarean section. Intervention was applied to the intervention group in three sessions about 60-90 minutes. Fears of childbirth and childbirth self-efficacy questionnaire (consisting of two parts, the childbirth expectation and the self-efficacy expectation) were used for data collection.Results: The results showed that there were no significant differences between intervention and control groups in fear of childbirth, expectations and childbirth self-efficacy scores before the intervention. However, after intervention, mean scores of fear of childbirth in intervention group was reduced and expectations and childbirth self-efficacy had increased. 71.4% of mothers in intervention group and 53.8% of control mothers delivered their children naturally.Conclusion: The findings suggest that providing the necessary training program during pregnancy could be effective to encouraging mothers to choose the natural delivery, so the design and implementation of educational interventions in pregnancy to reduce the caesarean is recommended.

Objective (s): The phenomenon of collaboration is the largest knowledge sharing network and real interference of researchers in science production and scientific development. So, in the present study we define the outputs and collaborations of Iranian researchers for disasters in Scopus citation database from 1999 to 2013.Methods: This was a scientometrics based study on collaborations indexes and type of applied study. The population of study composed of all scientific production of Iranian researchers for disasters from Scopus citation database getting indexed from 1999 to 2013 (448 document). Then information for regulation and the final analysis moved to excel software and the collaboration coefficient was obtained by cc formula. Descriptive statistics (frequency, percentage, average, and standard deviation) was used to explore the data.Results: The analysis showed that the maximum collaboration were between Iran and Great Britain with (21%) and after that with the United States of America with (20%) and minimum amount of collaboration between Iran with Japan and France with (4%). Results showed that Iranian researchers overall published 448 documents in Scopus citation database between 1999 and 2013. The maximum collaboration coefficient in document writing was found for year 1999 and 2000.Conclusion: The finding on author’s collaboration coefficient for disaster research was appropriate. However, teamwork and its influence for the country research profile should be encourage. This might increase quality and numbers of citations and enhance quantity of scientific productions.

Objective (s): During recent years fertility rate is decreasing in Iran. This study aimed to assess fertility desire and its correlates in Tehran, Iran.Methods: This was population-based study. A sample of married individuals living in all 22 districts in Tehran recruited and were asked whether they intend to have a child at present. Participants were interviewed via a structured questionnaire including items on socio-demographic and reproductive information. Logistic regression analysis was performed to assess the association between fertility desire and independent variables.Results: In all 1200 individuals (600 male and 600 female) were interviewed. The mean age of participants was 33.6 (SD= 7.31) years. Overall 36.8% of respondents indicated that they wish to have a child while the remaining 68.2 said that they did not. The results obtained from logistic regression analysis showed that infertility disinterest was associated with marriage duration (OR= 0.91, P= 0.0001, male gender (OR= 1.45, P= 0.02), number of children at present (OR= 2.9, P= 0.0001), poor income (OR= 2.77, P= 0.0001). Other independent variables also showed association in the expected direction, but the associations were not significant.Conclusion: These preliminary findings could shed some light on the topic. It seems there is need to conduct a national survey to have a better insight on fertility desire among Iranians.