JOURNAL OF CROPS IMPROVEMENT (JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURE)
Year:2017 | Volume:19 | Issue:2 |Papers Count:21

In order to evaluate morphological and physiological responses of lettuce plants inoculated/ non-inoculated with Piriformospora indica under salinity stress, a factorial experiment on the basis of randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications was carried out under greenhouse conditions. Main factor was consisted of inoculated or non-inoculated seeds with the fungus and the sub-factor included three levels of irrigation water salinity (tap water with EC=0. 8 dS/m as control and saline water with ECs of 4 and 8 dS/m). Salinity stress significantly decreased most of growth parameters and P. indica declined the adverse effects of salinity. An increase in fresh foliage weight and leaf area observed for plants inoculated with P. indica. These plants showed less leaf damage symptoms under stress condition. Inoculation by the fungus significantly increased the volume and length of root in comparison with control plants. Inoculated plants contained higher concentration of proline, photosynthetic pigments and catalase enzyme activity in their leaves rather than control plants. The lowest ionic leakage was observed in P. indica-inoculated plants at EC=4 dS/m. The results revealed the usefulness of P. indica fungus in production of lettuce under salinity stress up to 4 dS/m. But inoculation with the fungus did not lead to desirable results at 8 dS/m.

In order to study the effect of foliar application of nano iron chelated on antioxidant enzymes activity and yield of chamomile genotypes under drought stress condition, a factorial experiment in randomized complete block design with three replications was conducted at greenhouse research farm of the University of Zabol in 2014. Experimental treatments included drought stress at 2 levels (control or 90% of field capacity and 70% of field capacity) and nano iron chelate at 2 levels (control and 2 mg/l) and genotypes, including: Isfahan, Mashhad, Shiraz, Kerman, Arak and Safashahr. The results showed that the drought stress according to the genotype had different effects on antioxidant enzyme activities so that the enzymes activities increased in some of the genotypes and decreased in some of them. The stress caused an increases in catalase activity in genotypes of Arak, Kerman and Safashahr, peroxidase and acrobats peroxidase activity in genotypes of Isfahan, Mashhad, Arak and Kerman, and polyphenol oxidase and guaiacol peroxidase in genotypes of Shiraz and was Safashahr. The highest the economic yield were observed in Esfahan genotype. Generally, it could be said that stress causes damaging effects on the plant and the use of nano-chelate increases the plant̕ s tolerance to stress and using Isfahan and Mashhad genotypes is suitable for stress conditions.

To study the evaluation of ripening index on qualitative parameters of three olive cultivars ('Zard', 'Local-Roghani' and 'Arbequin') in Roudbar city of Gilan province, an experiment was carried out according to a factorial in completely randomized design with three replications in 2014. Fruits were harvested at ripening index 3. 5, 4 and 5 according to the method proposed by the international olive oil council and after oil extraction, its biochemical and qualitative characteristics were assessed. The results showed significant increases in dry mater, peroxide value, free fatty acid, extinction coefficient at 232 and 270 nm, coupled with significant decline in total phenolics and flavonoids, carotenoid and chlorophyll pigments and antioxidant activity with advancing ripening index. Also, significant differences were observed among the olive cultivars in the all above traits. Total phenolics of olive oil in the 'Local-Roghani' cultivar at ripening index 3. 5, 4 and 5 respectively with means 941. 27, 657. 74 and 310. 32 mg/kg were more than others. However peroxide value, that is an undesirable trait in the olive oil, was higher in the 'Local-Roghani' cultivar. Although the antioxidant activity among olive cultivars was varied at ripening index 3. 5 and 4, but no significant differences were observed at ripening index 5. Overall, the results showed that an increasing in the fruit ripening index was accompanied with decreased in the antioxidant compounds and sensitivity to oxidation of olive oil. Therefore, the oils of obtained from the fruits at ripening index 3. 5 have greater stability and sustainability.

In order to evaluate the effect of water stress on growth, yield and fruit quality of some Iranian melon accessions, an experiment was carried out in a split plot based on randomized complete block design with three replicates in research filed of university of Zanjan as during 2015. Treatments consisted arrangement of three irrigation levels (starting irrigation at 100, 70 and 40% ETc) and 8 accessions of Iranian melon (Ghalam Ghash, Roshe, Zerke, Khatooni, Rish Baba, Ghobadloo, Garake and Kalyar). The results showed that water deficit stress significantly reduced growth and fruit yield. The lowest yield (18223. 1 kg/ha), fruit weight (1057. 94 gr), number of fruits per plant (1. 75), leaf area (124. 257 cm2) and the highest leaf dry weight (21%) was obtained in water deficit stress 40% ETc. Accessions had different growth and fruit yield. In all accessions, growth and fruit yield was reduced by increasing of water deficit stress but leaf dry weight, TSS and water use efficiency was increased. The highest amount of leaf area (410. 279 cm2), yield (49881. 33 kg/ha) and fruit weight (2270. 9 gr) was obtained in "Ghalam Ghash" under 100% ETc irrigation. Also the maximum water use efficiency was observed in "Khatooni" and "Ghalam Ghash" under water deficit 40% ETc. According to the results, "Zerke" and "Rish Baba" with highest (65. 17%) and lowest (41. 16 %) yield reduction respectively under irrigation 40% ETc were sensitive and tolerance accession to the water stress compared to normal irrigation.

In order to study of yield and some forage quality traits of mixcropping on rows of oat and vetch, an experiment was conducted based on randomized complete block designed with seven treatments and three replications at the research farm of Agriculture faculty of Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz in 2014-2015 growing season. Treatments were included different sowing ratios of 100: 0, 70: 30, 60: 40, 50: 50, 40: 60, 30: 70 and 0: 100, respectively, oat and vetch. mixcropping was performed as a replacement method. The evaluated characteristics were included wet and dry forage yield, crude protein yield, percent crude protein, crude fiber, ash, percent soluble carbohydrates, oat and plant height, tiller numbers. The highest forage yield (105. 26 t ha-1), dry (29. 47 t ha-1) and protein yield(2. 27 t ha-1) were obtained from 60 percent of oat and 40 percent vetch sowing ratio. The higher percent of crude protein(17. 49 percent) and the most percent of ash (7. 37 percent) and the lowest percent of crude fiber was obtained in monoculture of vetch. The highest amount of soluble carbohydrates(12. 66 percent) was obtained in 30 percent of oat and 70 percent vetch. The highest land equivalent ratio for wet (1. 26) and dry(1. 60) forage yield and protein yield(1. 50) was obtained, respectively, 50percent and 50percent of oat and vetch and 60percent oat + 40percent vetch. According to the results in this experiment it seems that oat and vetch mixcropping on row in terms of forage quality and quantity, can recommend as an appropriate manner compared to monocultures of the studied species.

In order to evaluate the effect of bacterial isolates on growth parameters and nutrient uptake in two varieties of maize (such as SC704 & TWC645), two experiments were separately conducted based on a completely randomized design with four replication in greenhouse of University of Vali-e-Asr in 2014. The experimental treatments consist of four isolates of fluorescent Pseudomonads (P7, P15, P24 and P29) and control (without bacteria inoculation). The results showed that the inoculation with isolates P29, P15, P7, P15, P29 and p24 respectively increased shoot dry weight (42. 9 percent), shoot length (23. 7 percent), leaf area (43. 6 percent), chlorophyll content (15. 9 percent), root dry weight (49. 8 percent) and root mass in variety of SC704 compared to the control (no inoculation). of SC704 significantly compared to the control. The examined isolates increased the uptake of Fe, Zn, Cu and Mn in root and shoot in variety of TWC645 significantly compared to the control. The highest uptake of Zn was observed in treatment P29 which raised the uptake of Zn in root and shoot 66. 2 and 41. 8 respectively in variety of TWC645 in comparison with control. All isolates had significant effect on SC704 root zinc uptake and largest increase in shoot Zn uptake was related to isolate P29 with 60. 2% increase compared to the control. Overall, our observations revealed that the inoculation of maize with selected isolates had effective role on the growth and uptake of nutrients in maize.

This experiment was conducted to determine morphological and physiological responses of perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L. ) at the germination and early seedling growth stage to drought stress and sodium nitroprusside (nitric oxide donor) application in horticultural science department at the University of Zanjan in 2015. Turfgrass seeds were soaked for six hours in 0 (distilled water), 200, 400 and 600 micromolar of sodium nitroprusside solutions, and for drought stress treatments, germination and early seedling growth was done over the water potential range of 0 (distilled water),-1,-4 and-8 bar by polyethylene glycol. Generally, decline in water potential reduced seed germination percentage, root and shoot length, leaves chlorophyll and carotenoids content, whereas electrolyte leakage and proline content increased with decreasing of water potential. Sodium nitroprusside application at 400 and 600 µ M ameliorate adverse effects of drought stress in all factors. However, in all water potentials, 600 µ M treatment had no significant difference with control plants in electrolyte leakage, whereas 400 µ M treatment reduced electrolyte leakage. Leaves proline content increased with decreasing water potential. Besides, treated plants with sodium nitroproside had more proline than untreated plants. In conclusion, among different investigated sodium nitroprpside concentrations, treated plants with 400 µ M sodium nitroproside showed the best results.

In order to the study of leaf production and senescence of wheat different cultivars, two Field experiments as a Randomized Complete Block Design using 15 wheat cultivars were conducted at the research farm of the Islamic Azad University of Ramhormoz Branch ((latitude 31. 16° N, 49. 36° E and 151 m asl) in 2006-7 and 2007-8. Results indicated at first stage of leaf production, to increase one leaf on main stem, 1. 32 leaves added to plant leaves. after production of five leaves on main stem and starting of plant tillering (second phase of leaf plant production) to increase one leaf on main stem, almost five leaves added to plant leaves. The study of leaf senescence showed that leaves senescent occurred at two phases like situation of two-phases production of leaf on plant. At first phase, for every increase of one percent in fraction senesced leaves on main stem, fraction of senesced leaves per plant had an increase of 0. 71. This increase continued until the fraction of senesced leaves on the main stem reached to 0. 28, in other words, when 28 percent of the main stem leaves were senesced. In the second stage, each unit increase in fraction senesced leaves on the main stem was caused a 1. 16-unit increase in senesced leaves per plant. Hence, knowing the differences among hybrids in leaf area attributes may be useful in plant breeding, crop management and in simulation models of wheat.

In order to study the effect of some seed pretreatment on yield and seed quality characteristics of Amaranthushypochondriacus L, a trial was concluded using six treatments based on randomized completely block design whit three replication in research field of Urmia university on 2014 cropping season. Treatments were including seed priming of pigeon manure (one in 10), concentrated vaniaz (68. 39 precent) (three in 1000) super macro nano chelate fertilizer (three in 1000), magnetic water, homeopathy 6x and control. The seeds were soaked in the solution of listed treatments for eight hours; therefore those were brought to the initial moisture content for 24 hours at 25◦ C. seed sown in field and harvested in maturity time. Results showed that pretreatment of magnetic water increased seed yield, biomass yield, phosphorus, oil percent, oil yield, palmitic and stearic fatty acids respectively 22. 31, 17. 71, 25. 5, 20. 6, 36. 6, 12. 7, 22. 2 percent compared to the control. The highest value in oleic and linoleic fatty acid was obtained for nano chelat fertilizer. The treatments applied before planting due to the increasing percentage of germination, seedling growth and establishment on-farm create more favorable condition than what occurs in the seedbed after planting. According in current study, using magnetic water and nano chelat pretreatment was lead to yield and quantitative enhancement more than others.

In order to evaluate the effects of mycorrhiza-like fungi, Piriformospora indica, and mycorrhiza fungi, Glomus mosseae, symbiosys on corn (Zea mays L. cv. SC 704) grain yield and water use efficiency under different limited irrigation regimes and phosphorus, a field experiment was conducted as split factorial based on a randomized complete block design at two stations of Gharakhil and Bayekola during growing season of 2015. Treatments were different irrigation methods at three levels (100, 75 and 50% of crop water requirement) in main plots, four levels of inoculation (control, Pi inoculation, Gm inoculation and Pi + Gm inoculation) and three levels of phosphorus (control, 50 and 100 % of crop requirement) in sub plots as factorial. According to the results, simultaneous inoculation of Pi and Gm induced significant increase in grain yield in both regions (8. 6 and 6. 3 % for Gharakhil and Bayekola stations, respectively). In both regions, symbiotic fungi incolation improvement of productivity of water use obtained when Pi and Gm were inoculated (especially simultaneous inoculation), in all irrigation treatments. The most of the positive effects of coexistence were observed in both area under irrigation 50% (4. 33 and 4. 15 Kg/ha, respectively). Overall, the inocolation, results represented a synergistic effect of two applied fungi for ameliorating the corn water use efficiency, especially under limited irrigations.

The effect of salicylic acid (SA) and humic acid (HA) on yield, fruit quality and water use efficiency of melon "Zard Jalali" accession under water deficit stress condition was evaluated. This experiment was carried out as split plot based on randomized complete block design with three replicates in research filed of university of Zanjan during 2015. Treatments consisted arrangement of 7 foliar application levels [Control, H (25, 50, 75 mg/L) and SA (0. 5, 1, 1. 5 mM)] and three irrigation levels (starting irrigation at 100, 70 and 40% ETc). The results showed that irrigation had significant effects on yield and fruit quality. The lowest fruit weight (1. 956 kg), number of fruits per plant (1. 5), plant yield (2. 91 kg), fruit firmness (4. 67 kg/cm2), chlorophyll content (0. 11 mg/100g FW) and the highest fruit flesh percent (%75) and water use efficiency (16. 43 kg/ m3) were obtained in water deficit stress 40% ETc. Also, maximum fruit number and fruit yield per plant was obtained using H 75 mg/l and the highest value of fruit flesh (62. 13%) was observed in treatment of SA 1. 5 mM. The Irrigation × foliar treatments interactions results suggested that highest fruit yield (7. 79 kg/plant) and TSS (11. 31%) was obtained in SA 1 mM and H 0. 25 mg/l, respectively under irrigation 100 ETc%. According to the results, application of HA and SA enhanced, fruit yield and quality under water deficit conditions.

In order to study the effects of irrigation regimes and humic acid application on some of physiological and biochemical characteristics of Portulaca oleracea L., a greenhouse experiment was conducted as factorial based on completely randomized design with three replications at research greenhouse of plant production faculty of Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, during of 2014-15. The main factors were irrigation regimes including four levels: (25, 50, 75 and 100 percent of field capacity) and four concentrations of humic acid: (0, 200, 400 and 600mg/L). Traits evaluated were proline, RWC, total phenol, flavonoid, antioxidant, soluble carbohydrate and carotenoid content. The results showed the treatments had significant effects on the traits. As, Irrigation regimes had significant effect on proline, total phenol, flavonoid, antioxidant, soluble carbohydrate. The highest level of irrigation regimes (25 percent FC) increased proline and decreased RWC and carotenoid. Humic acid had significant effect on all traits except of carotenoid content that were the highest in 400 mg/L humic acid. Interaction effect of humic acid and irrigation regimes was significant for all traits except of total phenol. Irrigation regimes increased antioxidant, soluble carbohydrate, in 25% and 50% FC, respectively. Generally the best of treatments is 400mg/L humic acid and 25percent FC, economically. Because the highest yield achieved with low water and humic acid.

This experiment was conducted in order to investigate morphophysiologycal responses of bermuda grass (Cynodon dactylon (L. ) Pers. ) to water deficit stress and sodium nitroprosside application in horticultural science department at the University of Zanjan in 2015. Three soil available water levels (40, 70 and 100%) and sodium nitroprosside (0, 250 and 500 micromolar) were applied in a factorial experiment based on completely randomized design with four replications. Water deficit reduced leaves relative water content and shoot growth whereas, root growth, root to shoot ratio, leaves antioxidant capacity, electrolyte leakage, proline, total phenol and chlorophyll content increased with decreasing soil available water. Sodium nitroprosside application ameliorate adverse effects of water deficit in bermuda grass by increasing leaves antioxidant capacity, proline, and chlorophyll content as well as reducing electrolyte leakage and this effect was more pronounced in 500 micromolar, suggesting that higher concentrations of sodium nitroprosside must be evaluated.

In order to study the effect of putrescine on growth, yield and fruit quality of Sweet pepper (Capsicuum annum cv. Dimaz) under water stress, an experiment was conducted in split plot based on randomized complete block design with three replications in research filed of university of Zanjan. Treatments consisted of three irrigation levels (50, 75 and 100% ETc) and putrescine including four levels (0 (control), 0. 5, 1 and 1. 5 mM). The results showed that water deficit stress reduced growth and fruit yield of sweet pepper. The highest growth, fruit number, yield and vitamin C content was obtained in irrigation 100% ETc and TSS in 75% ETc. Foliar application of putrescine improved growth and fruit yield. The highest plant growth, plant height (67. 00 cm), leaf area (5887. 28 cm2), chlorophyll content (2. 2 μ g /g), plant dry weight (29. 41 ETc), vitamin C (42. 67 mg/100ml), fruit chlorophyll (0. 18 μ g /g), fruit length (16. 56 cm), fruit number (268. 00), fruit yield per plant (0. 45 kg) and total yield per hectare (9. 98 ton) was obtained with foliar spray of 1. 5 mM putrescine under 100% ETc irrigation. According to the results, application of 1. 5 mM putrescine can be proposed to improve growth and fruit yield of pepper under water deficit stress.

To evaluate the quantity and quality of forage in intercropping of safflower and bitter vetch, a factorial experiment was used based on a Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications in the Faculty of Agriculture at Urmia University in the sowing year of 2013-2014. The first factor was the use of high-input and low-input farming systems. The high-input system involved the use of fertilizers (N and P), and chemical control of pests and weeds with the use of Metasystox and Galant. The low-input system used cow manure, bio fertilizers and no chemical material. The second factor was cropping patterns with rows ratio of 2: 2, 2: 3, 2: 4, and 2: 5 safflower/bitter vetch and safflower and bitter vetch sole cropping. Results showed that the wet and dry weights of forage grown in sole cropping was more than in all the mixed patterns. The 2: 4 planting pattern in the high-input system increased the percentage of crude protein and reduced the crude fiber content of the safflower forage. High-input cropping systems produce the most digestible dry matter and soluble carbohydrate in safflower (76. 86% and 11. 85 percent) and bitter vetch (61. 38 and 16. 31 percent). In general, the maximum crude protein content and soluble carbohydrates in bitter vetch forage, and the highest index of LER (1. 87) in both plants were obtained from the 2: 5 planting pattern in the low-input farming system. Thus, two rows of safflower planted with five rows of bitter vetch is the best model regarding the quality and quantity of forage.

To evaluate the effect of foliar application of nano-particles of Titanium dioxide on yield and yield components of ecotypes of cumin under drought stress conditions, a split-split plot experiment was carried out based on a randomized complete block design with three replications, during 2014-2015 at research farm of Aburaihan Campus, University Tehran at Pakdasht. Treatments were consisted of water stress at three levels (full irrigation throughout growing season, water stress at vegetative and reproductive stages), spraying of nano-particles of titanium dioxide at three levels (none spray, spraying with concentration of 0. 015 and 0. 03 percentages) and also ecotypes of cumin from nine regions. Based on the obtained results the highest grain yield was for ecotype of Ardakan-Yazd in normal irrigation and spraying of nano-particles at concentration of 0. 03 percent with an average of 194. 05 grams per square meter, compared to non-sprayed treatment in which 17 percent lower grain yield was obtained. The highest grain yield also was observed at stress conditions in reproductive phase for ecotype of Maneh of North Khorasan at spraying of 0. 015 percent of nano-particles with an average of 45. 89 grams per square meter, when compared to the control in which 16 percent lower grain yield was obtained. Ecotypes also showed significant differences at level of one percentage in terms of responses to drought stress. Based on the obtained results from spraying of nano-particles at a concentration of 0. 03 percent, the negative effects of drought stress were reduced and this treatment prevented from huge yield loss under stress.

In order to study the effects of Salicylic acid levels and bio-fertilizers on growth characteristics, essential oil yield and elements concentration of Rosmarinus officinalis, an experiment was conducted as factorial based on randomized complete block design with three replications at research farm of Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, during growing season of 2015-16. The treatments were Salicylic acid including three levels: (0, 5 and 10 mlg/l), two concentrations of bio-fertilizers (nitroxin, biophosphor) and four levels of irrigation regimes: (40, 60, 80 and 100 percent FC). The results showed that irrigation regimes had significant effect on shoot height, wet and dry weight, number of shoot, essential oil yield and N and P. Salicylicacid with 10 mlg/l had significant effect on all of traits and this effect was increased of salicylicacid. Nitroxin increased all of the traits except of P and salicylicacid was caused to decrease negative effects of low irrigation regimes. The highest of shoot height, plant wet and dry weight, shoot number, nitrogen and essential oil yield were obtained with nitroxin and 100percent FC irrigation regime and highest of essential oil yield and P were observed in 40percent FC irrigation regime. Also the highest of P was obtained with biophosphor and 100percent FC irrigation regimes. The results of this research shows that use of bio-fertilizers and salicylicacid will be useful for reducing drought stress.

Considering modifications in the usual alfalfa planting pattern is critical for expansion of alfalfa seed and forage dual-purpose cultivation idea between seed growers so that, an experimental design based on randomized block design run in two years 2013 and 2014 in Zanjan province. Four planting patterns including hand-spreading, 25, 50 and 75 cm row spacing put on the main plots and three seeding rates including 10, 20 and 30 kg/ha put on the subplots. Results of combined analysis revealed that highest dry forage yield produced from 25 and 50 cm row spacing which had not meaningful difference with each other. The same results happened for seed rates of 20 and 30 kg/ha which had the highest dry yield. Germination as a seed quality index was not affected by planting pattern and seeding rate. But seed weight produced from 10 kg/ha seeding rate was heavier than other treatments. Economic value of dry forage was higher in 25 and 50 cm row spacing and 20 to 30 kg/ha seeding rate which were the same as each other. Based on these results, the highest economic value of alfalfa dual-purpose forage and seed production acquired from planting pattern 50 cm row spacing and 10kg/ha seeding rate and may use for alfalfa seed stand establishment as a recommendation

In order to evaluate self and cross-incompatibility on Kashan and Azaran ecotyps of Damask rose (Rosadamascena) was performed based on completely randomized blocks design with four replications in 1391-1392 Crop of years at Research farm of Ttarbiat Modares University. In this way each ecotype pollens used for self and another ecotype, also Dog rose (Rosa canina) applicated as pollinizer for both of them. In order to identify self and cross incompatibility we used two method contain controlled pollination and microscopic studies. Pollination result Obtained from scrutiny development percent, weight, length and hip width and seed production in every hip show that cross pollination by Dog rose was compatibility but other cross were incompatibility. Also twice pollinations had better result. Result show that Microscopic study had similarity result with farm outcome. According to growing pollen tube in style, just pollen tube of Dog rose could get to end of style. Pollen lively was specified by growing tube pollen under in vitro condition. The best Concentration of Acid boric in order to germination was 50 microliter after 24 h and 200 microliter was best treatment for tube growth. According to present results, select of suitable pollinizer and repeat of pollination cycles were effective factors in hybridization of Damask rose, thus controlled cross pollination by twice pollination Dog rose had most appropriate results at measured factors.

To investigate the effect of nanofertilizers functionalized with two organic compounds in phosphorus releasing and its influence on the growth parameters of bean plant, a factorial experiment was conducted based on a completely randomized design in 3 replications at the Agriculture Research Center of Hamadan. Fertilizer treatments including P0 (zeolite without functional group (control sample)), P1 (zeolite + AcAcEN ligand), P2 (zeolite + HED ligand) and P3 (triple super phosphate) and also two bean plant types including red beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L) and cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. ) were used. Results showed that in comparison with two other zeolite fertilizers, using nanozeolite functionalized with HED ligand resulted in improving the quantitative and qualitative parameters of bean. Compared with triple super phosphate, P2 fertilizer showed better results in the case of grain yield and plant phosphorus uptake and moreover, phosphorus leaching was lower in this fertilizer. The general results of this report is representative of the useful and effective role of nanozeolite functionalized with HED ligand in improving the growth parameters as well as qualitative and quantitative characteristics of bean plant.

To reduce the damages of water deficit stress on safflower with zeolite and chitosan, an experiment was conducted as split plot factorial in randomized complete block design with three replication at the field Research Station of agricultural Faculty of Tarbiat Modares University. Treatments were water deficit stress {(control (Irrigation after 50 percent), moderate stress (Irrigation after 65 percent) and intensive stress (Irrigation after 80 percent) discharge of available moisture}, zeolite (control and 4. 5 ton hec-1) and chitosan (non sprayed, distilled water, 1 percent acetic acid, 0. 05 percent chitosan and 0. 5 percent chitosan). Result showed that intense stress decreased yield, half the maximum value compared to control but whit zeolite and 0. 05 percent chitosan this amount was reduced to 19 percent. Oil yield increased under non-zeolite application and intensive water deficit with foliar application of 0. 05 percent chitosan, about 63 percent. Application of zeolite and 0. 5 percent chitosan showed the highest number of capitol that was 26 percent higher than zeolite application and non sprayed. We conclude that zeolite and chitosan application can reduce damages of water deficit stress and increase growth and yield of this plant.