Journal of Agricultural Economics and Development
Year:2010 | Volume:17 | Issue:4 (68)|Papers Count:7

Wheat production, as production of other agricultural crops, deals with a set of risks of which one is input risk. In other word, many inputs on first emerge or after periods affect the variance of production and bring risk along. On the other hand, some experts believe that some inputs reduce the risk of reduction. By the model Just and Pope (1978) suggested, this paper studies 163 wheat producers of Khorasan province within 2003-2004 to investigate the effects of inputs on production risk. Results reveal that inputs like nitrate fertilizer and irrigation reduce the risk of production. Thus inputs could be insured. Finally with respect to the results, a pattern is suggested in order to investigate such effects.

Size and exploiting scale-economies are decisive factors in optimal use of inputs in the firms. Therefore, in attempt to assay the existence of scale-economies in poultry industry the required data were collected from 70 poultry firms of Tehran province in 2007. The estimate of the translog cost function results in determining the decisive factors in firms' production costs which consist of feed and pullet prices, labor salary and production amount of egg. With estimating the cost and scale elasticity it has been found that 94% of the study firms could have been exploiting the economic of Size. Minimizing the translog average cost function results in pullet optimal size of approximately 62000 heads. Thus, the poultry industry can reduce the production average cost by increasing the production scale approach to the optimal size and improve production economic procedure by increasing their profitability.

This study was performed in 2007.The result indicated that the majority (63.5%) of engineering supervisors were agree to sustainable agriculture. Positive and Significant correlation was found between sustainable agricultural attitude of engineering supervisors and contact with farmers, sustainable agriculture knowledge of the engineering supervisors , and using of educating methods for education of farmers. There was found a negative relationship between sustainable agriculture attitude and number of lands pieces. Multivariate Linear Regression results indicated that sustainable agricultural knowledge and contact with farmers and the number of lands pieces explained %46 of variance in sustainable agricultural attitude variable. Finally problems of supervisors through performance of design showed that failing wages, on instability of design, lack of needed possibilities such as vehicles and a place for establishment, delay in conclusion of treaty are the most important difficulties and obstacles of engineering supervisors.

Due to various phenomena and the related features, it is very difficult to focus on specialties in geographical study of region, so the first step to study the local phenomena with different specialties, is to classify them in similar groups. Factor analysis method one of best and most complex one is for identifying the most important influential factors on developing. In this research, by factor analysis, locale-spatial analysis of rural regional development level of Isfahan province is fulfilled in 2006.So, forty eight index of view point of development level were chosen and were decreased to four later when covered 76 percent of variance. Then by the use of clustral analysis, the rural points of Isfahan province were located of view point of development aspect and all were classified into coherent 8 groups including Aran and Bidgol and Borghar and Mimeh in “group eight”.

Increasing demand for water due to population growth, increasing agricultural products and industrial users lead to the serious conflict among water users. Since the renewable water resources are limited, these conflicts will result in a continual race between the users to mine the resources, which create a disastrous situation. Game theory is a powerful equipment to optimize the system operation with more than one decision maker. The aim of this paper is to develop a dynamic conflict resolution model to resolve conflicts among aquifer operators and determine the sustainable equilibrium points. In this paper, base on the level of aquifer operators’ cooperation 3 scenarios have been considered: I. Non-cooperative static game, II. Non-cooperative dynamic game and III. Full cooperation. To compare the results of these scenarios, operation of a hypothetical common aquifer used by municipality and agricultural operators has been studied. Results show that the benefits of cooperative behavior are more than non-cooperative models. Proposed dynamic game increases global benefits 20% with respect to static game theory.

The purpose of this research is to develop empirical knowledge about specific types of performance measurement system to address the various variables that should be taken into account for ranking the performance of the agro-industries in ministry of Jihad-e-Agriculture considered for transition public firms. In the first phase and in order to determine the most effectiveness characteristics of firms’ performance a survey of 10 agro-industries were evaluated and after handling missing values and outliers data inside ten companies, 28 variables were selected in four groups, using Factor-Cluster analysis and then Multi Discriminant Analysis is used to examine. The 2005 Results showed that the first two factors contained over 95% of variation in the dataset and then all of firms were classified into four clusters when the groups were confirmed about the relative importance of the main factors through discriminating these clusters by discriminat analysis method In order to monitor and compare the results, it is essential to repeat all process in 2006. Finally, improving private ability requires paying special attention to the transition states in two dimensions: (1) measures of alternative firms’ governance structures (i.e. the effect of elimination of state subsidy), (2) measures of firms' competitive position.

Iran sugar industry has one hundred years economical activity which produces 65% sugar for interior needs and 35% deficiency of sugar production import from other countries. Thus interior need of country estimate about 2 million tons per year, which effort is necessary for sugar Industry. Object of this research is location and capacity determining of the third sugar factory in kermanshah province in 2007. Optimal Location and Capacity determining of the third sugar factory is: maximize production sugar beet in kermanshah province, delivery sugar beet surplus to consumption 2 sugar factories active in kermanshah province, minimize transport cost and regard to nearness distance primary materials & market consumption.Effective parameters for location is 9 variables (quantitative & qualitative). Research method in this project is combination of Topsis, AHP methods and execute in the excel software. Result indicate which kermanshah region (city) is the first (preferred) option for location & kermanshah sugar factory consumption capacity determinined by notice to of sugar beet production rate and design economical evalvate techniques,10,000 ton per 24hours. This research has done at 2007.