COUNSELING CULTURE AND PSYCHOTHERAPY
Year:2018 | Volume:9 | Issue:35 |Papers Count:8

The present study was carried out with the aim of presenting a model to determine the role of communication skills and problem- solving skills in preventing from mental and social damages by mediated family conflicts. It was a descriptive –correlation study. The research population included all married people in Bandar-e Abbas who have been living in families in the capital of this city since 2016. According to Morgan’s table, 400 families were selected according to the sample size and random cluster sampling. Structural Equation Analysis was used for hypothesis testing. The tools used in this study included the Revised Marital Conflict Questionnaire of Sanaii et al., couples’ Communication Skills Scale, Problem Solving Skill Evaluation Instrument of Cassidy and Long (1996) , the Multidimensional Personality Questionnaire of Minnesota (MMPI), Social Attitude Survey .Research results showed that communication skills and problem – solving constructive style have a role in reducing mental harms and family conflicts. Therefore, the communication skills and problem-solving constructive style play have a role on peoples attitude negative toward social damages by reducting family conflicts.Finally, The higher family conflicts are, the mental harms will be and the attitudes toward social damages will be more positive.

Introduction: The feeling of happiness plays an important role in the quality of life of individuals and the finding of the factors associated with this feeling is important. Therefore, the present study was aimed to develop a model of happiness based on personality traits, emotional intelligence, attachment styles, voluntary activities and demographic characteristics.Method: The research method is descriptive-correlational. The statistical population consisted of 12373 women employed in organizations of Lorestan province. 400 people were selected by stratified random sampling based on Cochran formula. Data were collected through NEO Personality Scale, Shirin Emotional Intelligence, Collins & Reid Attachment Inventory, Voluntary Activities Questionnaire and Oxford Happiness Questionnaire. Pearson correlation and path analysis were used to analyze the data.Results: The results showed that the happiness model had the necessary fit and direct and indirect effects of neuroticism and the direct effect of extraversion and openness on experience was significant on happiness (p<0.01). Also, direct effect of emotional intelligence and voluntary activities and the effect of attachment styles on happiness is significant (p<0.01). There was no significant relationship between demographic characteristics and happiness (p<0.05).Conclusion: According to research findings, happiness can be affected by personality, attachment style, emotional intelligence and voluntary activities, and managers of organizations can help them to increase the happiness of their employees by prioritizing them and teaching them.

Aim and Background: The purpose of this research is to predict marital conflict through differentiation and personality types, since understanding the factors that increase marital conflict plays an important role in reducing divorce.Methods and Materials: This study is descriptive - correlational and structural equation modeling. Population consist of all parents of students in Sanandaj, Iran in 2017. The sample consisted of 500 parents (250 couples) who were selected by two-stage cluster sampling method and completed Big Five Factor Personality, Differentiation of Self Inventory and Marital conflict questionnaire. The data from the questionnaires were analyzed using SPSS and AMOS software.Findings: The findings indicate a negative and significant relationship between marital conflict with personality types (except neurotic type) and differentiation. In other words, personality types (except neurotic type) and high differentiation reduce marital conflict, and vice versa. Also, the correlation between personality type and Differentiation is positive and significant.Conclusions: The results of this study show that personality type of individuals and their differentiation level can be good factors for measuring and predicting marital conflict.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of Holy Quran recitation on the risk level of high school adolescents against high-risk behaviors. This research is a semi-experimental design with pretest-posttest design with control and experimental group. The statistical population included all male high school students (1st and 2nd years) in District 2 and 1 of Ardabil, and the sample consisted of 30 students who were selected through multistage cluster sampling among students who were studying Sampling was done. And randomly assigned into two groups (15 each) as the experimental group and the control group. First, the Iranian Adolescent Risk Risk Scale (IARS) was used as a pretest for both groups. Then, after completing the 12 sessions (30 minutes each session) for the experimental group, in order to assess the risk level of adolescents against high-risk behaviors (dependent variable), the Iranian Adolescent Risk Reduction Scale (IARS) was administered as a post-test in both groups in order to evaluate the effect of auditory recitation of the Quran (independent variable) in the experimental group. In this research, data were analyzed using covariance analysis and SPSS version 20 software. The results of this study showed that the effect of quran recitation as an independent variable on adolescents' risk of being as a dependent variable was significant and the risk level in the experimental group was significantly lower than the control group.

The objective of present study is to investigate the mediator role of psychological contract in the relationship between paternalistic leadership and turnover intention. Statistical population composed of the employees of Food Industry companies in Rasht city, using the Morgan Table, 332 of which were selected as the sample group by simple random selection. In this research, questionnaire was used by 15 items of paternalistic leadership with Chang et al. (2000), 9 items of the Rousseau’s (2000) psychological contract, and 3 item of Wayne et al.’s (1997) turnover intention; that validity and reliability were confirmed. Data were analyzed through partial least squares and Smart PLS 2.0 software. The results of the research showed that the model has suitable fit and the observational variables have appropriate reliability and validity. Also, results showed that the paternalistic leadership has positive and significant effect on psychological contract and it has negative and significant effect on turnover intention. Psychological contract has negative and significant effect on turnover intention. The variable of age didn't moderate the relationships between the variables.

The aim of the present study was to investigate transdiagnostic role of repetitive negative thoughts, emotional dysregulation, intolerance of uncertainty, cognitive fusion and distress intolerance in depression and anxiety disorders. This study was causal-comparative. 149 patients with depression and anxiety disorders (included 37 patients with Major Depressive Disorder, 35 patients with Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder, 40 patients with Generalized Anxiety Disorder, 37 patients with Social Anxiety Disorder) selected by convenience sampling from eight psychiatric and psychological centers in Tehran. Then they compared with normal group (N=40) through Repetitive Negative Thoughts Questionnaire (RNTQ), Cognitive Fusion Questionnaire (CFQ), Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS), Intolerance Uncertainty Scale (IUS) and Distress Tolerance Scale (DTS). Data was analyzed using multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA), ANOVA and Bonferroni tests. The results showed that participants in clinical groups weren’t together significant differences of repetitive negative thoughts, cognitive fusion and intolerance distress, but with normal groups were different. In addition, despite the fact that scores of intolerance of uncertainty in group of major depressive disorder was higher than normal group, but lower than anxiety disorders groups. In connection with the emotional dysregulation, results showed that only participants of group of major depressive disorder and generalized anxiety disorder were not different. Repetitive negative thoughts, cognitive fusion and intolerance distress are common transdiagnostic processes and play important role in development and maintenance in different depression and anxiety disorders.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of self encouragement training on loneliness felling and psychological well being. This study was semi experimental pre-test, post-test with the control group design. The statistical population of this study consisted of all female second grade students of high schools in Khoramabad city in the academic year of 2015-2016. Screening was conducted and 30 students according to obtained score, who had the highest scores in loneliness felling and low scores in psychological well being questionnaires were selected and were assigned randomly to experimental and control groups (each group 15 people). The instruments used in this study were loneliness felling (Racel & etal, 1980) and psychological well being questionnaires (Ryfe & etal,1989). The experimental group received self-encouragement training for ten 90-minutes sessions, one sessions in a week lasting for two month. Analysis of the data was done using descriptive (average & standard deviation) and inferential (multiple covariance analysis) tests. Experimental group showed significant decrease in loneliness felling and significant increase in psychological well being after being trained. Based on the result we can say that self encouragement as an a skill can decrease loneliness felling and raised psychological well being in students. Therefore it is recommended to edcuational authorities to use such teaching program in order to decrease loneliness felling and increase psychological well being of students so that their mental health could be maintained.

Dialectical behavioral therapy is one of the third-wave therapy in the treatment of behavioral disorders. The aim of this study was to Determining the Effectiveness of Dialectical Behavioral Therapy on the Life Expectancy and resilience of Mothers of Exceptional Children. The study population consisted of all mothers of children attending the training center are exceptional Sabzevar in winter 1394. For the purpose of sampling, the sampling method was used. Of the mothers of disabled children attending, 30 people were selected randomly and matched in two groups (n = 15) and control (n = 15) were randomly assigned to the case. To collect information from questionnaires life expectancy Schneider and Connor and Davidson questionnaire was used to assess the validity and reliability, has been confirmed in several studies. For analysis, analysis of variance with repeated measures was used. The result showed that dialectical behavior therapy on life expectancy and resiliency p≥0.001 is effective. This treatment could significantly increase the life expectancy and resiliency.