COUNSELING CULTURE AND PSYCHOTHERAPY
Year:2017 | Volume:8 | Issue:30 |Papers Count:10

This study was conducted with the aim of testing the causal relation among task value, cognitive engagement, achievement emotions, academic self-regulation, and mathematics achievement. For this, 560 students (267 boys and 293 girls) were chosen from the high school 3rd graders who studied mathematics in high schools of Tehran by multistage clustering sampling and answered the task value subscale questionnaire (Pintrich and DeGroot, 1991), Cognitive Involvement Scale (revised (2F-R-LPQ)) (KamberBigs and Liong, 2004), Pre-exam Development Scale (AEQ) (Pekran, Quitz, Teets and Perry, 2005) and achievement Self- regulation Scale (Pintrich and DeGroot, 1990). The results of structural equation analysis with use of experimental data showed that academic achievement is influenced directly and indirectly by predictor variables such as task value, cognitive engagement, academic achievement emotions and academic self- regulation. The results of this study show that all the indices except for AGFI were reported highly satisfying and the model fits the data well and this points to the linear relation between latent variables and structures. Consequently, the general hypothesis of the study which is “the preconceived pattern of causal relation between task value and academic achievement with the mediation of cognitive engagement, academic achievement emotions and academic self-regulation fits the data patterns” was confirmed.

The population consists of all affiliated with the well-being of all typically comprise a central province that are approximately 200 consultant. In selecting participants in the qualitative part of the publicity was used. The data in this study used qualitative data analysis software was used MAXqda. The results showed that semantic code from the text of the interview can be found in two main categories, 5 and 12 intermediate categories classified in categories. The main categories include initial plans for specific problems and run the update. The middle category includes analysis and design training courses (for the main categories) and implementation, evaluation and modification and revision (for the main categories II), respectively. In categories including defining the problem, identify the source of the problem, determine possible solutions (categories among the first), set learning goals, providing course content, determining training methods and determine staffing (category of intermediate II), performances, experimental and original (the middle category III), internal and external evaluation (intermediate category IV) and reforms and the implementation of this (intermediate category V), respectively.

Objectives: This research has been done due to a qualitative study of the causes of the old’s occupational satisfaction referring to their occupational narrative (Lived Experiment) in Iranian-Islamic culture and based on Shafiabady multiphasic pattern.Method: Method of study was done to gain objective information in the mid-structured way. In this respect, the old were interviewed about their occupational narratives and the quality of occupational satisfaction or dissatisfaction. Then, the interview was outlined in the way of narrative therapy and analyzed using Shafiabady multiphasic pattern.Results: What was discussed in the study of the factors and how the old’s occupational satisfaction is or their occupational dissatisfaction of their job narratives were presented and categorized in the form of tables considering to Shafiabady five axes pattern including having a goal, being dynamic, self- imaginary, requirement and decision. In the interview processes we have encountered and achieved some other valuable factors relating to occupational satisfaction existing in Iranian-Islamic culture.Conclusion: One of the main times in life is the old age. If the young pay attention to important factors, useful and valuable experiments of the old when selecting job then they are prevented from dissatisfaction of occupation. As this study resulted from discussion with the old in Iranian-Islamic society, most information of interviewee was capable of analysis. So the comprehensive pattern has been proved. Other valuable pointes found in the interviews emphasized in Iranian-Islamic culture include the role of believes and morality such as believe in barekat - some kind of increase in material and spiritual things by God-, thanksgiving, trust in God, conscience in act, generosity, commiserate in act and using other’s occupational experiments and also the family support to satisfy occupationally. However these mentioned factors corresponds Shafiabady multiphasic pattern and fitted into five axia, in so called society some criteria are special. Through this study we have respected this successful pattern in Iranian-Islamic culture.

The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of written emotional disclosure on the defense mechanisms of alexithymic people. A qausi-experimental pretest-posttest control group design was used to determine the effectiveness of written emotional disclosure. For this purpose, 130 male and female master's and PhD students at University of Tehran were selected by convenience sampling method. A total of 35 participants having high scortes on Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20) were screened and randomly assigned to two experimental and control groups. The Defensive Style Questionnaire (DSQ) was performed to evaluate the participant's defense mechanisms. Then, a two-week program of written emotional disclosure (6 sessions, 20 minutes for each), was used to measure changes in post-test. Research data were analysed using non-parametric tests (Wilcoxon and Mann Whitney-U) with SPSS version 23. The results showed that written emotional disclosure reduced the use of immature defense mechanisms and increased the mature defenses; with no significant change on neurotic defenses. It is concluded that written emotional discloure can be used as a complementary and effective therapy in psychotherapy.

Present research, aimed to develop a psycho-educational for conflicting couples and it, s effectiveness on reducing inefficient coping strategy and divorce probability. A psycho-educational package was developed based on Satir, s communication skills, that using focus groups, content validity was desirable. It, s effectiveness was studied in an experimental design of pretest- posttest and follow- up after 2 mouths.32 participants (16 couples) purposeful sampling were selected thorough conflicting and divorcing couples referring to Dispute Resolution Council in karaj and equally assigned in experimental and control groups. Baseline of coping strategy and divorce probability all participants were measured. Psycho-educational interventions treat on experimental group in 10 couple therapy sessions and coping strategy and divorce probability of all participants were measured in posttest and follow-up and data were analyzed using repeated measurement. Results indicated that use of inefficient coping strategy and divorce probability significantly decreased in participants in psycho-educational sessions compared to the control group (P<0.01). Also these changes observed in follow up. The results of research provide some evidence to suggest that psycho-educational package based on Satir, s model is an appropriate couple therapy intervention for reducing inefficient coping strategy and divorce probability for divorce applicants and conflicting couples.

Youth period is very important in life. This is a time of fundamental decision-makings. These decision-makings have deep influence on life of young peoples. In this investigation, the instructional plan of self-management with emphasis on components of consciousess and choice is codificated and then it, s effectiveness on improvement in self-management of young peoples in Tehran is studied. In this research, the assumption is that instruction of instructional plan of self-management with emphasis on components of consciousness and choice is influential on self-management of such young peoples. This research was quasi-experimental with pre-post test and control group. The statistical population of this research consisted of all young peoples between 20-30years old living in areas of 1, 5, 12 and 17 of Tehran. The sample consisted of 32 young peoples. Constructed self-management questionnaire is used in this study. Covariance test has been used for the analysis of the aggregate data. The results showed that instructional plan of self-management has a meaningful influence on the self-management and self-efficacy of young peoples. Therefore this instructional plan can be effective on increase of self-management of young people.

This research is descriptive and cor relational - predictive. The population of the three groups of mothers of children with separation anxiety disorder, disorder OCD, and non-consulting centers of Tehran has been formed. In this study, sampling method and sample size of 450 patients (150 per group). Tools of study sizes and styles (Psdq), Bell Object Relations adult attachment (Finney and Nvlr, 1994) and the Structured Clinical Interview (SCID), respectively. Analysis and data for questionnaires confirmatory factor analysis to test the hypothesis of a structural equation model (SEM) were used. The results showed that CV-red indicator shows that the quality of the model, for all the dependent variables is positive, indicating a good quality model. AVE also represents good values ​​as well as diagnostic validity of the model structures. According to the criteria Wetzelu and et al (2009) show overall structural model is able to predict and test the predictions of endogenous latent variables has been successful.

The aim of present study was to compare empathy development, internalization and externalizing disorders in male and female students 5 to 11 years. The research method is causal-comparative. The statistical society of the study is including of all children aged 5 to 11 years are the city of Tabriz in order to 150 boys and girls aged from 11 to 5 years of preschool and school-age city of Tabriz with simple random sampling were selected from five different areas of education. The five groups included a 5-year old, 6 year old, 7 year old, 9 years old, 11 years old in each group, 30 patients (15 females and 15 males) were selected. Data were collected by means of two children Symptom Questionnaire was used to measure empathy Dodds. Data were analyzed by t test. Results showed that there is significantly different between boys and girls empathy development, internalization and externalization disorders. Also the results show that Internalization disorders and empathy in girls is more and externalizing disorders in boys is more. The results showed that no difference with mean internalization and externalization disorders in girls 5 and 6 years is, but at the age groups of 7, 9 and 11, out of externalizing disorders are more internalized. Meanwhile, the mean externalizing disorders in boys aged groups 5, 6, 7, and 9 more and with age groups 11 more internalized disorders. Therefore, empathy confirms the role of emotional communication in mental health and social adjustment of children.

Differentiation is an effective variable in the formation and stableness of the family. In this regard, this study aimed to identify Status of differentiation indicators was conducted in the families of Tehran. The method of study is “Mixed” (qualitative and quantitative) that its quantitative part was done by correlation. In this study, which was conducted in 2016, the concept of differentiation in the Bowen’s theory of intergenerational was extracted. Credit indices obtained through using the Delphi method with a group of experts.12 main indicators and 78 indexes sub for differentiation in Tehranian families were identified. The indicators obtained converted into the questionnaire and at the same time, were conducted with the scale of differentiation (DSI-R) on a sample of 100 of parents. The results of the field study in assessment of the differentiation using indicators from this study that was conducted in parallel with differentiation scale, reports a significant positive correlation to the amount of meaningful 0/40 (P<0.001) between these two measurements. Identity factor has the highest rank and emotional reactions have lowest rank in Tehranian families. The results show that Although differentiation is a deep and comprehensive feature regarding to human behavior, but can be focused on the cultural and social context in main sub-indicators. So, due to cultural and social principles, it is important to understand the differentiation status.

The aim of the present study was to compare the Sleep Quality, Problem-Solving Strategies and Psychological Hardiness in smokers and nonsmokers students. The study was a causal comparative research. Statistical population included all university of Mohaghagh Ardabili mail students in 2017 (1395s.c.).30people were selected through cluster sampling and 30 no smokers participants were matched with them. Data were collected with the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Questionnaire, Problem-Solving Strategies Cassidy & Long and Psychological Hardiness kiamarsi & et al. Data were analyzed through multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA). Analysis of data showed sleep quality variables in smokers than non-smokers was significantly higher (p<0.01). Variable elements of style in general and problem solving, creativity, confidence, style trends in problem solving and non-smokers was significantly higher in smokers. Also in the components of helplessness in solving the problem, control of problem solving and avoiding light smokers was significantly higher than non-smokers (p<0.01). In addition tenacity variables in smokers than non-smokers was significantly lower (p<0.01). So you can understand the importance of respect in this sphere and help to improve the quality of life of the community.