Journal of Health Research in Community
Year:2021 | Volume:7 | Issue:1|Papers Count:8

Introduction and purpose: This study aimed to prioritize noise control in different units of an oil refinery using noise control priority index (NCPI) and technique for order of preference by similarity to ideal soluti on (TOPSIS). Methods: This analytical study was conducted based on a descriptive crosssectional method in the oil storage tanks and transportation unit of an oil refinery, in three stages, 2019. In the first stage, the environmental sound was measured based on the standard of ISO 91612. In the second stage, the values of the NCPI index in different units were calculated using three variables, namely the number of exposed workers, the duration of exposure, and the weighting factor on the sound pressure level. In the third stage, noise control strategies were prioritized using the TOPSIS method. Results: The highest and lowest sound emissions were observed in the NTA (New Transportation Area) unit (98 dB) and spherical tanks (84 dB), respectively. Among the 10 studied units, the NTA unit with 12 workers had the highest priority of noise control (NCPI=1. 25). The results of the TOPSIS method showed that the most ideal method to control noise exposure in the NTA unit was controlling time exposure with the final weight of 0. 7 22. Conclusion: Based on the results, the employment of the two methods, namely NCPI and TOPSIS, would make it possible to determine the appropriate prioritization in different units and implement the solutions for technical and managerial noise control in order of priority. The model used in this study can also be applied in other similar industries involved with noise pollution.

Introduction and purpose: Today, social health as one of the dimensions of health, along with physical and mental health, has found a widespread role and importance. The results of some studies show that social well-being has a positive relationship with socially accepted behaviors, responsibility in society, and social status. This study aimed to identify the correlation between social well-being and organizational citizenship behavior among the employees of Al-Zahra University Hospital, Isfahan, Iran, in 2020. Methods: This analytical study was conducted based on a descriptive crosssectional method on all employees (n=2, 600) of Al-Zahra University Hospital, in 2020. The samples (n=340) were selected using the convenience sampling method. An online questionnaire was used to collect the required information. The collected data were analyzed in SPSS software (version 23) using descriptive statistical methods, such as mean and standard deviation, and inferential methods, such as Pearson correlation coefficient and regression. Results: The results of employed tests in the study showed that there was a significant and direct relationship between social wellbeing and organizational citizenship behavior; in other words, an increase in social well-being led to an improvement in organizational citizenship behavior. The results of regression analysis also revealed that the social well-being variable was effective in explaining organizational citizenship behavior and the increase in organizational citizenship behavior was influenced by the increase in social well-being. Conclusion: Organizations, including the studied educational and medical centers, should employ a series of measures to improve the social well-being of employees since employees' behaviors in hospitals have a great impact on improving their effectiveness and performance, and therefore, on patients' improvement. Moreover, a healthy and supportive organizational atmosphere causes higher morale and trust among employees.

Introduction and purpose: One of the important missions of nursing education is the mental health of nursing students who play an important role in promoting the health of the community. It is necessary to maintain nursing students' mental health due to their prominent role in providing health services during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the mental health status of nursing students in the School of Nursing, Islamic Azad University, Sari Branch, Sari Iran, during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: This analytical study was conducted based on a descriptive crosssectional method using the census method on all nursing students of Islamic Azad University, Sari Branch. Data collection tools were a demographic form and the 12-item General Health Questionnaire. Results: Totally, 278 participants completed the study, among which 70 (25. 2%) participants worked in the COVID-19 hospitals and 208 (74. 8%) participants did not work. The highest and lowest mean scores of mental health were related to the first-year and sixth-semester students (5± 3. 10 and 3. 7± 2. 51), respectively. Moreover, the mean of mental health was significantly higher in participants who had contact with COVID-19 patients than others, indicating poor mental health among them (P<0. 05). Conclusion: According to the findings, it is necessary to pay attention to the mental health of nursing students during the corona pandemic; in this respect, it is suggested to have an effective role in the improvement of mental health of nursing students by holding mental health workshops, changing the conditions of educational environments during the COVID-19 pandemic, and providing counseling.

Introduction and purpose: The first permanent posterior molars begin to grow at the age of six, and the prevention of dental caries on these teeth assumes critical importance in oral health. The present study aimed to assess the effect of distance education on parents' behavioral intention regarding the prevention of dental caries on the first permanent molars in preschool children in Sanandaj. Methods: This experimental-interventional study was performed in Sanandaj in 2019. According to statistical calculations, 120 parents of preschool children were selected via cluster-random sampling and assigned to two groups of intervention (n=60) and control (n=60). The data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire with confirmed validity and reliability. The intervention group received distance education. Data were analyzed in SPSS software ( version 20) using chi-square and independent t-tests. Results: Based on the results, no significant difference was observed between demographic variables and constructs before the intervention (P>0. 05). Nonetheless, following the educational intervention, a significant difference was observed in the mean scores of knowledge, attitude, abstract norms, perceived behavioral control, and behavioral intention (P<0. 05). Conclusion: As evidenced by the obtained results, the implementation of distance educational intervention was effective in increasing parents' behavioral intention regarding the prevention of dental caries on the first permanent molars in preschool children.

Introduction and purpose: During pregnancy, most women experience changes in their bodies as well as their relationships with others which have a direct impact on the well-being of the mother and fetus. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) program on anxiety and psychological well-being of nulliparous pregnant women. Methods: The present applied quasi-experimental study was conducted based on a pre-test, post-test, and follow-up design with a control group. The statistical population of the study consisted of all nulliparous pregnant women who referred to Boo Ali and Hazrat Amir hospitals in Tehran, Iran in 2019. In total, 30 eligible pregnant women were purposefully selected and randomly assigned to intervention (n=15) and control groups (n=15). The required data were obtained using the Psychological Well-Being Questionnaire (Ryff, 1989) and the Beck Anxiety Inventory (Beck, 1997). The collected data were analyzed using repeated measure analysis of variance in SPSS software (version 22). Results: According to the findings, the MBSR training significantly improved anxiety (P<0. 001) and psychological well-being (P<0. 001) of the intervention group at the post-test and follow-up stages. However, the scores of anxiety and psychological well-being in the control group did not change. Conclusion: Based on the findings, it can be said that the MBSR program had positive effects on the anxiety and psychological well-being of nulliparous pregnant women and can be used to improve mental health problems.

Introduction and purpose: COVID-19 epidemic emerged with the advent of the new SRAS-CoV-2 coronavirus in December 2019 in China. The risks of COVID-19 have increased due to overcrowding and poor preparedness in prisons, So that many Prisons now reporting high rates of infection and transmission among prisoners. Therefore, considering the importance of the subject, the purpose of this study is to review the transmission and prevention of COVID-19 in prisons. Methods: The present study was a narrative review. articles by searching all articles published between 2020 to June 12, 2021 in the databases of Science Direct, Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed and Google scholar, using keywords such as Covid-19، Prevalence، Prison، Penitentiary، hygiene and Personal hygiene, Transmission and Prevention. Results: The risk of infection and transmission of coronavirus is higher in places, such as prisons due to high population density and limited access to health facilities. The most important principles of prevention include the observation of personal hygiene through the frequent washing of hands using soap and water and the use of alcoholic disinfectants as well as face masks. Moreover, the prison environment should be disinfected regularly and frequently to reduce the spread of infectious diseases. Conclusion: Although it is not entirely possible to maintain social distance to reduce the rate of disease transmission in prisons, overcrowding can be reduced in some situations by more careful planning. Despite the importance of these cases, the most effective way to prevent the spread of this disease in prisons is to reduce the prison population.

Introduction and purpose: Oregano (Origanum vulgare L. ) is an aromatic plant belonging to the Lamiaceae family. The aerial parts of this medicinal herb, including leaves, flowers, stems, and fruits, are used to e xtract essential oils. The current narrative review aimed to discuss and investigate the repellent efficacy of oregano essential oil in public health pests managemen t. Methods: In the current study, the search was conducted on PubMed, Web of Science, Science Direct, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases using the following keywords: "Oregano essential oil", "Public health pests", and "Repellency". Accordingly, seven articles were extracted and studied, and their results were extracted. Results: The chemical compositions of the Oregano essential oil varies according to its place of growth and its varieties. However, carvacrol and thymol have been introduced as the most important compounds of this plant's essential oil. Oregano essential oil has repellent efficacy against public health pests, including bed bugs, head lice, and brown-banded cockroach, and also against vectors of infectious diseases, such as Aedes albopictus, Culex pipiens, and Amblyomma americanum. Conclusion: Plant essential oils, such as oregano, have fewer harmful side effects on humans and the environment and are convenient and cost-effective to be prepared. So, they can be considered relatively proper alternatives for synthetic chemicals to control public health pests.

Introduction and purpose: The widespread prevalence of COVID-19 has led to an unprecedented effort to find effective treatments which have increased clinical trial studies. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the characteristics of Iranian Covid-19 clinical trial studies. Methods: This is a cross-sectional descriptive study. The data relating to Iranian Covid-19 clinical trials were extracted from the Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (IRCT) in February 2020 and transferred to an Excell Microsoft Office software. The descriptive statistical data were presented as frequency and percentages to describe the key characteristics of the extracted clinical trials. Results: At the time of data collection, 491 clinical trials associated with COVID-19 have been recorded in IRCT, 91. 65% of which were supported by governmental organizations. An examination of the data indicated that the method of allocation in 83. 09% and 86. 67% of clinical trials has been randomized assignment and parallel assignment, respectively. In addition, the placebo has been used in 69. 65% of clinical trials. It is worth mentioning that blinding was not carried out in 50. 1% of these studies. Based on the findings, 81. 67% of the clinical trials have been conducted for the purpose of treatment, and drug treatment accounted for 70. 47% of the intervention employed in these clinical trials. Conclusion: The results of this study provided a summary of the status and characteristics of COVID-19 clinical trials recorded in IRCT. Regarding the fact that the majority of these studies are supported by governmental organizations, it is recommended that financial resources of private pharmaceutical companies should be used under the supervision and approval of the Food and Drug Administration as a support for these clinical trials.