RESEARCH BULLETIN OF ISFAHAN UNIVERSITY (HUMANITIES)
Year:2004 | Volume:17 | Issue:2 (HUMANITIES)|Papers Count:9

The aim of this article is to investigate organizational alienation from the view point of sociology in the Shiraz's bureaucratic organization. The main hypothesis is that organization structure has a major role in organizational alienation.To measure dependent and independent variables, 313 respondents were selected from 15 organizations besed on random sampling. Quantitative data were collected and analysed based on correlation, analysis of variance, Path analysis and factor analysis.The results indicate the relation between structure of organization and organizational alienation. At the level of organization, organizational justice, organizational commitment and organizational management caused organizational alienation. The role of formalism, centeralisms and occupational satisfaction cannot be ignored in this relation. It should be mentioned that centeralism caused organizational alienation through occupational satisfaction and organizational justice as intervening variables. Besides, factor analysis confirms Merton theoretical view that social structure at macro level and organizational structure at organizational level caused organizational alienation.

The Iranian parliament is about to come to an end of its sixth period of legislation. The Majlis in this period has approved rules in different aspects- economic, social, political and cultural- which affect our society in different ways. A comprehensive analysis of all steps and various traits of the Majlis is out of the scope of this essay. The purpose of the present paper is to study the conditions of the candidates with regard to age, sex, education and record of representation from the first period to the end of the sixth period. Also, the study of social mobility during different periods, identification of Majlis new candidates which contributed to their selection and distinctive social traits are among the aims of the present paper. This makes it possible to identify changes in people's attitude. This, in turn, would probably make it possible to predict the combination of forces and personalities of those who will enter the Majlis in the following periods.

This research article is written with regard to the concept of the social capital and survey of its connection with students' social identity. It is provided with the sample included 700 students from eleven public universities in Tehran.Social capital as a kind of social production which is manageable is a new and nearly unknown discussion in social actions. Researchers believe that it is the basis of identity. Identification and prestige society and lack of it is a social problem. The following are two general conclusions in this explicative and descriptive research.1- Social capital, i.e., set of worthy recourses, is substantive social relations in primordial social groups and in the social organization of society (formal and informal institutions). Some of these worthy recourses which sometimes, have been called as social values comprise: veracity, smooth behavior, health of ego, fellowship, sympathy, solidarity, scarification etc. The most famous social capital indexes are social trust, communal commitment, social affiliations and social interaction.2- Results of surveying the original theory of research show that there is a relationship between social capital of students and their social identity (r=0.1919, p=0.000) it is completely ensured, 100%.Rs-test, T-test and F-test are used to accord research hypotheses-test with level of variables measurement.

The validity of the position of any theory or school, from one aspect, depends on its practicality. Different theories and schools of urban sociology deal with explanation of the condition and use of the city regions. For example, the systematic approach considers it as a dynamic system which has a set of realistic ideas and relations, in which different kinds of ideal types and cultures can be found. The urban perspectives of Durkhiem, Marx, Simel, Weber, Park, Wirth, Makenzie and others consider the city in different ways. The important point is how these perspectives are adjustable with different cities, and more importantly to what extent cities are built according to these perspectives.In this research, we have examined these perspectives in order to adjust them with the Qum's conditions. Qum (as an Islamic city) has a series of inhomogeneous and abnormal cultural and ethnical aspects. Migration of the poor and lower middle classes to Qum has led to a variety of different classes.To facilitate the research process, the city was divided into four regions and sixty five quarters with emphasis on city quarters because in Islamic cities, the quarter is the smallest social unit. This made the analysis of social participation of the citizens possible.

There are many differences between the urbanization development and the big urban area creation in the third world countries and the development in western industrial countries just after the industrial revolution. The strong rural attack to the cities, specially big ones in developing countries must be looked at from the view point of destruction of traditional rural production systems and existence of suitable job chances. Migrants reside in locations which are called "sewage margin" or "urban area APANDIS" with minimum primary facillities. Because of increasing shanty locations, we watch irregular extending of social unequality, poverty, unemployment, crime, cultural differences and illiteracy. Bidonvilles are the result of unequal land using between the urban parts that occupate: Lands out of limits. Bidonvilles without recovery possibilities, in the employment and other resources, can take root in rural areas. Most of their hope is working in the city. Across this survey we can count variables and many factors which affect the urban quality. Physical conditions at this slums includes population, lack of  uitable life facilities, lack of infrastructure primary services, and polluted environment. In this location, we watch illiteracy, unemployment, crime, and anormal fluency. This article with emphasis on social effective problem formation aspects in city attempts to study marginality and social effects of it.

This paper strives to study the various factors affecting the efficiency of IUT employees. A questionnaire was designed and used to collect data on these factors from all IUT managers and employees. Simple sampling method has been used for this purpose in the field study. Although the situation of managers was not much better than other employees considering their payments, position, prestige, job security and advancement, the empirical results showed that the performance of managers were better than other workers. This finding is important when the hard working situation and high responsibility rate of these managers is taken into consideration. Participation of managers in the process of decision-making improved their efficiency. So, increasing participation of IUT employees is suggested to improve the level of satisfaction and efficiency of workers.

This research project has focused its attention on one of the key issues in every society-social capital. The authors in this paper, by identifying different elements that make up the social capital, have tried scientifically to come up with a tangible definition. The gathered information showed that one of the main components of social capital is in fact religion and the culture that associates with it. In the next step the authors tried to find out the relationship between religion and social capital and its role in social-cultural development by employing appropriate statistical methods, survey and documentary methods.

The study of Isfahan city school directors' attitude toward students' free studying in the year 1382 on a sample of 210 directors at three levels was carried out. The main findings suggest:1) Generally, directors of Isfahan schools have a positive attitude toward free studying (S=21.8 X=222 and C.P=174). Also, the average score of directors was higher than expected.2) No significant difference was observed with regard to the director's gender, history of work, years of managements, education qualification and district. Improvement of library, book reading competition, essay writing, book exhibitions, and in-service training are some recommendations which could improve the situation.