KOHAN-NAME-YE ADAB-E FARSI (CLASSICAL PERSIAN LITERATURE)
Year:2011 | Volume:2 | Issue:1|Papers Count:7

We can talk a lot about the physical aesthetic signs of beauties in Persian literature and especially in Persian poems. Despite the fact that all over the Persian literature and history is about beauty and aesthetics, it's amazing that with this vast literature there isn't any specialized writing still about this fact. The ancients examined this fact with a science named Elm-al-Jamal. In this article we first go through the ancient and then contemporary aesthetic study. The next part searched missing links of beauty in ancient Persian before Islam, and then we find the signs of beauty in Persian poems and show the changing and developmental trend of beauty. At last we explain the cause of the stability of the aesthetic taste ancients had in Persian poems.

In addition to Quran, interpretations and vatical traditions, Mawlana carefully studied Sufi sheiks' books and discourse. Therefore we have to search principles of Sufism in Masnavi-ye Manavi in order to understand the amount of his adaptations. This article presents connection of Mawlana's thought and speech to teachings of Sufi sheiks and point out that it is necessary to do more research on this topic.

Language is the most important communication tool between human beings. Poets and writers use the same tool in order to communicate their feelings. Based on this point of view, I tried to explain what A'ttar thought about language, its applications and how to use it properly.

Water is a marvelous element of nature which has been appreciated by many different nations and many myths has been shaped about it. Water has been admired by ancient Iranian people, too, as they protected it as a ritual task. Many of these beliefs (myths) have been portrayed in "Shahname" as the most important text that has expressed Iranian myths and beliefs. The Famous poet, Ferdowsi, represents instances of Iranian's mythical notions and ideas about water in his great book. These instances include four dimensions: 1) catharsis of spirit, 2) ablution for adoration, 3) AB- E HAYAT, and 4) fertility and amplitude. The paper studies these dimensions in order to display the significance and mysteries of water.

The great and lasting treasury of the Persian proverbs and wisdoms is full of epistemological, religious, ethical and philosophical teachings and principles. They contain the theories of other sciences as sociology, logic and politics.Therefore we must not study them only from the view point of literature.The study of other aspects will show new dimensions to the researchers who can have a different look other than merely literary works at this great national wealth. In this article I studied the proverbs by logical methods. Since some of Iranian literary researchers deny the place of logic in the proverbs, I have demonstrated this point of view then I study the irrational proverbs. It is obvious that I don't suggest the omission of irrational proverbs, but I present and tender a logical directory to writing the proverbs, so that the writers and collectors of the proverbs observe it, and lead users to correct understanding and suitable usage in order to prevent the use of irrational and incorrect proverbs.

In the present article the author has tried to analyze the poems of Shahnameh cited in Tarikh-e Jahangosha-ye Joveini in two separate sections of structure and content and to realize whether they match or not.In the first section the number of verses, the way in which they are quoted in Tarikh-e Jahangosha-ye Joveini, the name of stories of Shahnameh from which they are selected, and also the fact that a certain number of them can't be found In SHAHNAMEH are mentioned, and while these verses are referred to in publications such as Khaleghi Motlagh, Moscow, Jule Mole, and some more, some of the poems are named that are inconsistent with Shahnameh.In the second section in order to attend the verses content-wise, they are double-checked with the stories of Shahnameh and while mentioning some of the more prominent notions and quoting sections of Tarikh-e Jahangosha-ye Joveini, the lexical and pragmatic aspects of the poems are checked with the prose and the coherence and  incoherence of pomes and prose is noted . At the end the results of the study are reported.

Bidel Dehlavi is one of the poets whose stylistic and linguistic techniques are unique. In some cases, he presents a different genre by breaking the customary norms and deviating from the principles governing poetry. In his sonnets, the syntactic and grammatical deviations are interesting and the examination of each of them manifests his linguistic and literary creativity. Further, such techniques along with other poetic images have made his poems more imaginary. This study is an attempt to examine the novel grammatical structures used in Bidel's poems, structures that the language scholars have not focused on or have paid less attention to. Despite the opinion of some who consider such deviations ineffective in content, this study is aimed at providing some examples to prove the impact of such deviations on creating a literary language.