JOURNAL OF APPLIED ECONOMICS STUDIES IN IRAN
Year:2013 | Volume:2 | Issue:5|Papers Count:7

According to public sector economics the optimum government and taxing are pillars of economic systems. Optimum government and taxing are factors which help to satisfy citizens. Thus this article is going to analyze the gap between optimum and taxing and actual ones in Iran. It uses to index of government expenditure to GDP at one hand and the ratio of tax to GDP at the other. For testing optimum of government it has used army curve. Dependence of government financial recourses of government to petroleum does have direct effect on government size. The result shows that there is a considerable distance between government and tax in Iran at one hand and its optimum one in public economics.

Considering the major impact which volatility in the oil prices has on various sectors of Iran's economy and the importance of that role in economic growth and development, this paper intends to investigate the effects of the volatility in oil prices on Iran's output growth for the period of 1968 to 2010. To that end, oil price volatility index has been estimated incorporating with EGARCH (0, 1) model using the Markov-Switching's nonlinear models to investigate the effects of the impact of oil price volatility on Iran's output growth. Estimations obtained through the Markov Switching models indicated that MSIAH model with two regimes out of the various MS model are the most suitable ones. The result of the estimations obtained through the Markov Switching models indicated that the oil price volatility index with considering two different regimes and lagging time intervals are significant and effect on the GDP growth and strongly influence of oil price volatility both two regimes had different and regime 1 stranger regime 2. The practical implications of these findings could be beneficial to the investors and policy makers who need to be aware of the exact nature of the effects which oil price volatility has on the economic growth.

Iranian economy in recent years has experienced several currency shocks; on the other hand, slight changes in dollarization would cause huge exchange rate movements. In this paper, using "Autoregressive Distributed Lag Method" (ARDL), the money demand function is estimated to check the dollarization of the Iranian economy. Then, the volume of "Foreign Currency Deposits" (FCD) in the banking system, using Kamin and Erickson (2003) method has calculated and we get to dollarization index. The results show that the Iranian economy is dollarized and the dollarization Index in 1390 and 1391 is respectively 0.77 and 0.81.

Within input–output framework, there are two kinds of economic linkages between sectors. The demand relationship is referred to as backward linkage and the supply relationship is referred to as forward linkage. The analysis of the strengths of backward and forward linkages allows us to identify the most important sectors in the economy. Obviously, in an open economy, imported products may also be used in the production process. Hence, when increasing production it will also generate additional imports to support it. That kind of import is called an economic leakage in the sense that it represents a leakage to the multiplier effect. For such assessment in Iran, the distinction between imported and domestically supplied inputs, which has been disregarded so far in empirical analysis, is crucial. In This paper, the distinction between imported and domestically produced inputs is taken into account in such a framework, besides an accurate measurement of domestic linkages; one can add a new dimension to the analysis. However, in this paper using the 1380 input-output tables of Iran's linkage and leakage sectors are analyzed.

Service sector has dedicated about %57 of GDP to itself in Iran. Even in high income countries this portion is almost %75 GDP (WDI, 2012). So it is expected that in the recent years this proportion of production in service sector would be more than the current one. As lots of investments compared to other sectors are made in service sector, the studying of investments in this sector is of great importance. In this study using Almon's dilatory distribution, we want to determine the output duration of investment in the whole country and also non-oil sector, service sector and its subsections in Iran to provide the investors with good ideas and suggestions and present criterion for the evaluation of the administers of the investments. Based on the results the output duration of investment for service sector is 6 years and the most efficacies occur in the third years. The duration and amount of investment's efficacy in service sector is considerably lower than the investment's efficacy of the whole economy of the country.

The Minimum wage is one of most important labor market policies in the world. Because one of the significant economical - social goals of governments is supporting workforce in order to maintain and improve the purchasing power and life welfare and job security of them using the minimum wage of leverage support. Because of the relationship between minimum wage and poverty line in economic context, this policy has been used as an important tool in the most of countries for alleviating of poverty. The main goal of this research is investigating the relation between minimum wage and poverty in economy of Iran through ARDL model in the period 1363-1387.The results show there is a negative relationship between minimum wage and poverty line in the economy of Iran. Government could reduce the poverty rate by increasing minimum wage, if the inflation rate will be controlled by policy makers.

Energy is one of the main factors affecting the economic growth and development of the countries. Due to the scarcity of some energy resources and their non-renewability, new ways to decrease energy consumption should be pursued in order to secure sustainable development and future generations’ benefits.So in this paper the effect of energy induced price on technology change and the extent of pollution emission in industries is studied. The statistical population consists of Iranian industries including 21 industries (two-digit sic code) is investigated over the period of 1995-2007. In this study, using direct distance function and the effect of energy price on the extent of technology change and pollution using productivity change index (PCI) is investigated by specified model. The results indicate that there is no relationship between technological changes and relative prices of Iniran energy during the studied period. Also, there found a direct relationship between relative prices of energy and pollution during the period.