GEOGRAPHY AND TERRITORIAL SPATIAL ARRANGEMENT
Year:2022 | Volume:12 | Issue:43|Papers Count:8

The height of the building is one of the important factors in organizing the urban landscape and one of the parameters affecting the urban density. The use of modern methods and tools plays an important role in extracting the height of buildings. One of these tools is LIDAR, a relatively new technology and a rapid method for ultracam, high-precision sampling to obtain digital surface-tosurface (DSM) models. the purpose of this research is to evaluate the use of a new tool in urban planning based on extracting the height of buildings and the number of building floors, using Lidar point and ultrasound images in two stages of detecting buildings and calculating the number of floors in An area of Bandar_Anzali with an area of 23 hectares (including 417 buildings) was classified and extracted using ARCGIS, ENVILIDAR software. All the algorithms used enabled the system to successfully extract the structures from the lidar data. The obtained data and their matching with the samples taken in the field survey show the accuracy of the extracted boundaries and classes. In general, the proposed system performs well in terms of data completeness, accuracy and consistency. According to the research findings, it can be said that lidar technology has an extraordinary ability to collect very accurate and dense samples of Ground level measurements have been provided and new dimensions of accurate building height details can be extracted automatically and efficiently from aerial weather data.

different parts of the city. Paying attention to the importance of distributing service used in urban areas and providing the required facilities and services is an important factor in improving the standard of living, social justice and urban life’, s sustainability. city public services as the most important tool in the hands of urban management is to establish spatial justice. With proper distribution of these services, the city can be considered as a platform for achieving spatial justice. The metropolis of Tabriz, in addition to suffering from class discrimination among socio-economic groups, is also threatened by spatial discrimination due to improper distribution of urban services. The present study is an analytical description in terms of purpose, scientific application and in terms of nature and method. Due to the complexity and multiplicity of factors in locating service uses, the need for multivariate decision-making methods to determine the optimal position for the construction of new uses is necessary. In the present study, first, the per capita of the studied uses was calculated and compared with the standard per capita, and the degree of deficiency in the tenpoint logic was determined. Then effective parameters in land-use-like housing (park and green space, sports and recreation-tourism) have been identified, then using methods based on multi-criteria spatial support systems MC-SDSS based on Topsis and Saw models in ArcGIS and weighting of parameters by experts in the field of urban studies with hierarchical analysis method in Expert Choice, final maps have been prepared. And completely undesirable to completely desirable spaces have been identified for each of indicators.

In this study, with emphasis on financial participation, which is considered the most complex type of participation, it was tried to analyze the factors affecting the participation of citizens of Mashhad by using the social trap theory and the spectator effect. For this purpose, the basic factors affecting the payment of renovation and car tolls were determined and the effect of each of them was evaluated. The research method was descriptive and analytical and the required data was obtained from a sample of 300 people in the form of two groups of participants and non-participants. The collected data were analyzed using analysis of variance and t-test with two independent groups. The results showed that the attitudes of participants and non-participants were different in relation to the effective factors, and the highest effect was related to the awareness of the behavior of the municipal personnel and the person's relatives, as well as his moral conscience in relation to paying tolls. In this process, the trust or lack of trust in the capability of the municipal personnel and also the type of orientation of the city council members (reformist or fundamentalist) had no obvious effect on the payment of tolls. According to this finding, aimless advertisements and providing incentives do not have much place in people's participation and the solution is the formation and expansion of social capital.

The meaning that people assign to a location has a significant impact on how strong a feeling of place attachment is and how strong it is. Researchers in this discipline, on the other hand, have rarely looked at the relationship between a place's meaning and belonging to it. Due to the scale of the area and strategic plans, this issue is especially relevant in natural and recreational areas. As a result, the purpose of this essay is to look at how people engage in natural settings and the intensity of that connection via the sense of place attachment. As a case study, Zayandehrood village in Isfahan province was chosen as a recreational-residential location that benefits from natural resources. The mixed-method research approach used in this work was initially used to identify the meanings that tourists ascribe to the recreational village of Zayandehrood through an interview. The questionnaire was designed using the meanings collected in the preceding step, and these meanings were organized into four key attachment variables. The goal of this survey was to look into what tourists thought and felt about the sample with various attachments. The findings of this study reveal that a location's high level of meaning both builds and intensifies place attachment. The most excellent scores were for beauty and unique natural resources, respectively. Social bonding and place identity got the greatest and lowest scores, respectively, among the efficient variables in creating this sense among the survey participants. Finally, it is noted that providing recreational facilities in these locations enhances social interactions and, as a result, increases user attachment to the place.

The elderly are people who face a decline in various abilities from anatomical, physiological, social and economic aspects., this may cause some elderly people to be unable to meet their daily needs. The aim of this study was to investigate the situation of Kermanshah city in terms of indicators of elderly friendly city using structural equation modeling. The method of the present study is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-correlational in terms of method. The statistical population of the present study consisted of all elderly people in Kermanshah. From this population, a sample of 366 was selected by simple random sampling method and they answered the questionnaire of indicators of elderly friendly city. Pearson correlation coefficient, internal consistency coefficient and confirmatory factor analysis were used to analyze the data. Data were analyzed using SPSS 25 and 8. 8 Lisrel software. The results of internal osmotic coefficient showed that this scale has good reliability. Confirmatory index of analytical factor model confirmed the 8-factor model of this questionnaire. The results of correlation coefficient showed that the relationship between the indicators of an elderly friendly city is significant. The internal homology of the dimensions of these indices was determined by Cronbach's alpha coefficient. Cronbach's alpha coefficient for aging indices is in the range of 0. 71 to 0. 84. The results of this study showed that the Persian version of the indicators of the elderly-friendly city has good reliability and validity in the Iranian population and is a suitable self-assessment scale for clinical and research situations in the elderly population. One of the efforts to improve the quality of life of the elderly is this. Issue a policy through the government to implement a primary health care program for the elderly and optimize value for health systems.

The increase in Solid waste has been generated as a result of rapid population growth and increasing urbanization. A one-dimensional waste management system has had negative environmental consequences as well as increased costs. The Integrated Solid Waste Management (ISWM) model is one of the most effective ways to reduce waste's economic and environmental costs. This futures research sought to identify the key indicators influencing the Integrated Solid Waste Management (ISWM) model in order to develop waste management scenarios for Mashhad. The study's statistical population included 25 experts (Mashhad Waste Management Organization (MAP)) and specialists (academic). Then, using MicMac, 10 indicators were identified as key drivers out of 23 effective indicators. Possible scenarios for urban waste management based on Integrated Solid Waste Management (ISWM) for Mashhad were identified by formulating 30 uncertainty hypotheses for the drivers using a cross impact matrix and ScenarioWizard. According to the findings, there were 59048 possible scenarios, with only 5 having high compatibility and being more likely to occur. The first and second scenarios, which received a total score of 167 and 149 as probable favorable scenarios, respectively, provided promising conditions for the future of waste management in Mashhad. The third, fourth, and fifth scenarios were identified as critical (unfavorable) scenarios, indicating unfavorable conditions for the future of waste management in Mashhad. Finally, the first scenario was identified as the most desirable scenario, while the fourth scenario was identified as the most critical (unfavorable) scenario for the advancement of waste management in Mashhad.

In recent decades, the development of urbanization has brought with it problems that marginalization has been one of these social issues. The main problem among marginalized people is their low quality of life,For this reason, urban theorists believe that empowering local residents in urban suburbs can improve their quality of life. The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between empowerment and improving the quality of life of citizens of Hemmatabad neighborhood of Isfahan, which has been used to achieve the objectives of the research Fitterman theory. The present study is based on a quantitative approach of survey strategy (descriptive-correlation). The statistical population was 15, 488 citizens of Hemmatabad neighborhood, 371 of which were examined using the Cochran's formula. The research instrument was a researcher-made questionnaire whose validity was formal and its reliability was through Cronbach's alpha-quality of life (0. 90), sense of competence (0. 90), sense of effectiveness (0. 72), significance (0. 86), The right to self-determination (0. 70)-has been achieved. Spss24 software was also used to analyze the research data and descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze the findings. Findings showed that the quality of life of residents of Hemmatabad neighborhood was lower than the average. The results of the research hypotheses indicate that there is a positive and significant relationship between empowerment and quality of life (0. 68). There was also a significant difference between education, income and quality of life. The results obtained from the research regression model showed that the empowerment variable with beta β,= 64 was able to explain 38% of the variance of the quality of life variable.

Population increase has led to the growth of crowded, dense and congested cities, which has, in turn, resulted in the development at altitude and underground. Despite the benefits of crowded populations, such congestion has posed a threat to human quality of life. The concept of viability, in response to this concern, addresses the objective and subjective qualities that people expect from the environment. New subsurface developments, which are mainly due to the increase in density and congestion in cities, has paid less attention to human biodiversity below the ground but to the functional aspects. Reduction of social oversight, security, ventilation, lighting and humidity control, readability, and orientation are among the most important challenges of this type of development. The need to create and popularize the use of dynamic and community-oriented public spaces in the subsurface has been the impetus for this research. In order to provide a model for improving livability in subterranean public spaces of cities, the collected qualitative data were analyzed simultaneously by a documentary method (basic analysis) and grounded theory approach (complementary analysis). The data were collected employing a documentary approach and semi-structured interview. The Nvivo software was used for qualitative data analysis and coding. From the combination of baseline and complementary analyses, such elements as performance-accessibility, perceptual, identity, environment, and resilience components were identified and studied which are the key components that make up a livable subsurface. Also, the grounded theory was used to present the model. Based on the questions raised in the interview process, 989 referrals were made. Following multiple revisions and integration of codes based on similarity during several stages of data summarization, 02 initial codes and 7 axial codes were extracted and after discovering the causal relationships, a livable subsurface space model based on the snowflake pattern was presented.