IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRIC NURSING (IJPN)
Year:2017 | Volume:5 | Issue:2|Papers Count:8

Introduction: Clinical self-efficacy is an individual's belief for doing clinical skills. As much as individuals have higher efficacy in clinical practice, their clinical practice will be better. The aim of the present study was to determine the clinical self-efficacy, its dimensions and related factors in nursing students at Qazvin University of Medical Sciences in 2016.Methods: In this descriptive-analytical study, 150 nursing students were selected by the census method. Data were collected using the demographic characteristic form and clinical self-efficacy questionnaire. Also, the data were analyzed by descriptive and analytical tests using the SPSS 16 software.Results: The total mean score of clinical self-efficacy was 106.54 ± 21.14. Assessment of the patients had the highest scores among the dimensions of clinical efficacy (34.42 ± 7). There was a significant correlation between the average scores of the students (r = 0.17, P = 0.02) and studying at higher semesters (P < 0.001) with clinical self-efficacy.Conclusions: Self-efficacy is one of the important concepts to promote the clinical performance in nursing students. Therefore, it is recommended that to strengthen all aspects of clinical self-efficacy, organized educational programs with a supportive approach be developed.

Introduction: Infidelity seems an individual phenomenon at first glance, but considering the consequences and disadvantages on the family, raising children and also health and safety of the community, it is considered a hidden and serious social pathology. The present study was designed to determine the relationship between personality traits, early maladaptive patterns, optimism and pessimism with justification of infidelity in married couples.Methods: In this descriptive-analytical study, the research community was all married couples referred to counseling centers in Golestan Province in 2015 with a history of marital infidelity among which, 100 samples (50 males, and 50 females) were selected by the simple random sampling method. The research instruments were questionnaires of the personality traits of NEO, the early maladaptive patterns, the optimism and pessimism and infidelity justification. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics with the Smart PLS 2 software and the partial least squares method.Results: Results of the study showed a significant inverse relationship between early maladaptive patterns (b=-0.612 & T=5.344) and optimism and pessimism (b=-0.195 & T=2.273) with justification of marital infidelity. There was no significant relationship between personality characteristics and justification of marital infidelity (β=-0.21 & T=1.781).Conclusions: In this study, most of the correlations were between early maladaptive patterns and justification of infidelity; therefore, it can be used to identify people at risk.

Introduction: Infertility-related stress can be seen as a complex construction including social, sexual and relationship concerns, need for parenthood and rejection of having a childfree life. Infertility can also have an effect on dyadic adjustment. Self-compassion is a procedure of emotional coping to increase self-esteem in infertile women and decrease infertility-related stress. Self-judgment is very weakening and stressful in infertile women. The aim of the present study was to investigate the mediating role of self-compassion and self-judgment in relationship between dyadic adjustment and infertility-related stress among infertile women in Isfahan City, Iran, in 2015.Methods: In this causal-comparative/correlational study, 282 women with primary and secondary infertility diagnosis were selected from the infertility centers of Isfahan city, in 2015, using the convenience sampling method. The participants were asked to complete the questionnaires including Fertility Problem Inventory, Dyadic Adjustment Scale and Self-Compassion Scale (short-form). To analyze the data, the equation model of AMOS (v.22) was used.Results: The results revealed that dyadic adjustment had a direct effect on infertility-related stress (P<0.05). The structural relationship between dyadic adjustments and infertility-related stress was appropriate. Self-compassion partially mediated the effect of dyadic adjustment on infertility-related stress and self-judgment fully mediated the effect of dyadic adjustment on infertility-related stress (P<0.05).Conclusions: According to the results of the present study, providing a mood regulation therapy (self-compassion and self-judgment) and increase in dyadic adjustment will be useful to decrease infertility-related stress in infertile women.

Introduction: Given the prevalence of chronic diseases and their consequences, supporting and empowering patients with such diseases and their families seems necessary. Family-centered support is one of the recent trends to change the role of families in giving care to patients. One aspect of the family-centered empowerment model is self-esteem. The aim of this study was to determine different aspects and characteristics of self-esteem in chronically ill patients.Methods: This qualitative study was conducted in two university hospitals located in Ardabil and Khalkhal, northwest of Iran, from May 2015 to March 2016. Data were collected through holding personal semi-structured interviews with eighteen participants including chronically-ill patients, family caregivers, and nurses. Data analysis was performed concurrently with data collection through the directed qualitative content analysis.Results: After analysis of the data, 239 codes about self-esteem of patients with chronic diseases that is a dimension of the family-centered empowerment model were extracted. Then, these codes were included in the subcategories of resilience, supportive family, and supportive society.Conclusions: The findings of this study show the dimensions of self-esteem in patients with chronic conditions that according to these dimensions, with planning and selecting effective ways to promote these dimensions, a key step can be taken to empower the chronically ill patients.

Introduction: Mothers with delinquent children with respect to various mental health factors are different from other mothers. The aim of this study was to compare the resilience and quality of life of mothers with delinquent children and mothers with healthy children in Zanjan City, Iran, in 2016.Methods: In this descriptive-comparative study, 120 mothers (60 mothers with delinquent children and 60 with healthy children) were selected using the convenience and purposive sampling methods. Data were collected by the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale and short-form health survey (SF-36 (. Reliability of the SF-36 health survey was measured by the Cronbach's alpha (0.83) and test retest (0.83). The Cronbach's alpha of the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale was 0.89. Data were analyzed using the SPSS 21software.Results: There was a positive correlation between resilience and quality of life (P<0.001) of mothers with delinquent children and also in mothers with healthy children (P<0.001). Moreover, the quality of life and resilience of mothers with healthy children was higher than mothers with delinquent children.Conclusions: This study shows that the quality of life is positively correlated with resilience. Similarly, the quality of life and resilience of mothers with delinquent children is lower than the healthy ones. As such, to enhance the quality of life and the resilience of these mothers, it is recommended to organize training courses for mothers with delinquent children.

Introduction: The burden of caring for patients with mental disorders falls more on their family members who provide all necessary support. The burden of care is directly related to the needs of the patients. Most of the caregivers of the mentally ill patients experience the extreme burden of care. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the caregiver burden of family caregivers of patients with mental disorders hospitalized in Shaheed Rajai Hospital in Yasuj in 2016.Methods: In this analytical cross-sectional study, 246 family members of patients with mental disorders hospitalized in Shaheed Rajai Hospital in Yasuj, Iran, were selected using the convenience sampling method. After obtaining consent from the authorities and based on the inclusion criteria, data were collected using a demographic questionnaire and the caregiver burden inventory (Novak & Guest, 1989). Data collection was conducted for 6 months. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics (demographic characteristics of samples, mean, standard deviation, percentage and frequency of the variables) and inferential statistics (independent t-test) by SPSS software version 21.Results: The mean age of the family caregivers of mentally ill patients was 34.53 ± 13.74 years. The highest frequency and percentage of home caregivers was reported for the children of mentally ill patients (114, 46.3%). The highest burden of care was seen on the moderate burden level, with the frequency and percentage of 34 (51.5%) and on the intense level with the frequency and percentage of 32 (48.5%), which showed no significant difference (P=0.74). Among the components of caregiver burden, time-dependent burden with a mean (SD) of 15.01 (1.66) had a maximum load.Conclusions: Considering that the burden of care can affect the quality of care of the mental patients, and can aggravate their mental conditions, necessary trainings are required to reduce the caregiver burden on the family caregivers of the mentally ill patients.

Introduction: Today, the study of predictors of nurses' work engagement (the opposite of burnout) as a positive mindset and an effective factor in the nurses' quality of work life is very important. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between psychological capital and perceived organizational support with work engagement of the nurses in one public hospital.Methods: In this descriptive correlational study, the study population included all nurses in Ayatollah Taleghani Hospital, Tehran, in 2017. The sample consisted of 180 nurses who were selected using the convenience sampling method. Measurement tools included the work engagement scale and psychological capital and perceived organizational support questionnaires. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple regression analysis).Results: Pearson correlation analyses showed that there was a significant positive relationship between psychological capital and perceived organizational support with work engagement (P<0.01). Also, the results of the regression analysis showed that psychological capital and perceived organizational support had a significant role in explaining the variance in work engagement and could predict work engagement (P<0.001).Conclusions: The findings of the present study show the importance of the role of psychological capital and perceived organizational support in predicting nurses’ work engagement. So, implementation of programs to enhance nurses' psychological capital and increase perceived organizational support can be helpful to improve and increase work engagement.

Introduction: By increasing the number of effective treatments, mania is still remains a challenging problem for health systems. The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of risperidone and aripiprazole in combination with sodium valproate in bipolar patients with acute manic or mixed episodes who were hospitalized in Razi Psychiatric Hospital in Tehran.Methods: This study was conducted as a double-blind randomized clinical trial in two groups of bipolar disorder patients with manic or mixed episodes (age rage, 18-65 years). The patients were randomly categorized into two groups who received valproate with aripiprazole or risperidone. The clinical response was assessed by the Young mania rating scale and weight gain within 3 and 6 weeks. Data were analyzed using the Chi-square test, paired t-test and analysis of covariance and repeated measures.Results: The study participants had no significant difference in demographic characteristics. Evaluation of the treatment response after 3 and 6 weeks (50% reduction in the Young's scale) in both groups showed no significant difference between the two therapeutic combinations. The combination of sodium valproate and risperidone showed higher weight gain in comparison with the combination of valproate and aripiprazole at the end of the week 6 (P<0.001).Conclusions: The mentioned therapeutic combinations in the bipolar I disorder with a manic or mixed episode have a similar therapeutic effect. Also, there was no significant difference in their efficacy and both treatments can be used. However, due to the less weight gain, the combination of valproate and aripiprazole is recommended as a safer and more effective therapy in patients who were prone to weight gain.