Iranian Journal of Psychiatric Nursing
Year:2017 | Volume:5 | Issue:3|Papers Count:8

Introduction: Mindfulness develops the ability to observe thoughts and emotions as transient phenomena through increasing awareness of each ongoing moment. Thus, individual’s tendency to show automatic reaction to habitual or damaging procedures decreases. Awareness of such emotions can be influential in improving emotional intelligence as the ability to recognize the emotions of self and others and manage the emotions and consequently marital satisfaction increases, which is an objective function of happiness, satisfaction, and experienced pleasure by a wife or a husband through considering the whole aspects of their marriage. The present study was conducted to formulate and evaluate a model in which mindfulness leads to a change in marital satisfaction by means of emotional intelligence modifications.Methods: The present study was correlational with a structural equation method. Form a statistical population of married women of Isfahan City, 195 married women were selected by the convenient sampling and entered into the study. The five collected data-facet mindfulness questionnaire (FFMQ), trait meta-mood scale (TMMS), and marital satisfaction questionnaire (ENRICH). A structural equation approach was used to analyze the proposed model.Results: All fit indices were acceptable, the relative chi-square was 4.46, the comparative fit index (CFI) was 0.94, and the parsimony comparative fit index (PCFI) was 0.64. The direct and indirect effects of mindfulness on marital satisfaction were 0.1, and 0.44, respectively. Therefore, the results showed that the effect of mindfulness skills on nurturing marital satisfaction was significant.Mediation emotional intelligence had a significant but partial role in this model.Conclusions: The findings of this study suggest the general efficiency of the proposed model. So, training programs of mindfulness skills can be considered among new strategies to improve marital satisfaction.

Introduction: Cancer and its complications are not limited to the patients and affect their caregivers. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between the caregiver burden, and stress, anxiety, and depression in these patients.Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 100 caregivers of cancer patients referred to the Imam Reza Hospital in Bojnurd City were selected through the convenience sampling method. The data instruments included the caregiver burden questionnaire and depression, anxiety, and stress scale.Data were analyzed by Chi-square and independent t-test using SPSS v.16.Results: The mean and standard deviation of the caregiver burden and depression, anxiety, and stress scale were 29.79 ± 19.36 and 74.46 ± 19.88, respectively. The correlation between the caregiver burden and depression (0.598), anxiety (0.569), and stress (0.629) was positive and this relationship was statistically significant (P<0.05).Conclusions: The results of this study showed that more than half of cancer patient’s caregivers had experienced high and very high burden. In spite of this burden, their mental health is in an acceptable state. Caregivers' assessment and family-centered rehabilitation programs seem necessary.

Introduction: One of the important areas of health in the elderly is its psychological aspect, requiring special attention and prevention of disorders such as anxiety in them. Death anxiety as an abnormal fear of death undermines effective compatibility. The present study was conducted to predict death anxiety of the elderly based on mindfulness and irrational beliefs.Methods: The statistical population of this descriptive and correlative study included all the male elderly over 60 years in Ardabil in 2016, of whom 110 persons were selected as the statistical sample using the convenience sampling. To collect data, the mindfulness scale (MASS), irrational belief scale (IBT-A), and death anxiety scale (DAS) were used. The data were analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple regression methods with SPSS software version 23.Results: The study results showed a significant relationship between mindfulness and irrational beliefs with death anxiety. Additionally, multiple regression analysis showed that mindfulness (-0.35) and irrational beliefs (0.29) could significantly predict death anxiety of the elderly (P<0.05).Conclusions: It can be concluded that mindfulness and irrational beliefs are considered among the predicting variables related to death anxiety.

Introduction: Psychologically, infertility is a critical period resulting from the imbalance between couples who expect a child, so that it becomes clear that they are not able to reach their goal. The aim of the present study was to determine the effectiveness of Benson relaxation method on reduction of stress and increasing the number and motility of sperms among infertile males.Methods: This study was conducted on males referring to two urologists in Khoramabad city, Iran in 2016. The subjects were selected through available sampling method; then, 15 people in experimental group (relaxation and drug therapy) and 15 people in control group (drug therapy) were assigned randomly. The instruments used in this study were demographic questionnaire, Niwton’s infertility questionnaire and spermogram test results. The entry conditions to the study were: 25 to 40 age range, no previous use of sedative drugs, no previous experience of relaxation, being infertile over one year, and not using drugs. Clomiphene Citrate and Zinc Plus were prescribed by the urologists for both groups. Stress pretest was conducted before the psychological intervention and drug therapy for each group. Then, stress posttest was conducted after ending the psychological intervention and before conducting the spermogram test.Results: Covariance analysis indicated that infertile males in the experimental group (relaxation training with drug therapy) in comparison with the control group (drug therapy) showed more reduction in the rate of stress. Moreover, according to the spermogram results, the rate of sperm motility in 73.33% of the experimental group (11 people) increased to over 50% and the number of sperms in 67% of them (10 people) increased to more than 20 million. In the control group that continued the drug therapy, the rate of sperm motility in 46.66% (7 people) was over 50% and the number of sperms in 60% (9 people) increased to more than 20 million.Conclusions: According to the results of this study, Benson relaxation method decreased stress and increased motility and the number of sperms. Therefore, fertility scientists are recommended to apply Benson relaxation method as an adjunctive therapy beside drug therapy to get desired outcomes.

Introduction: Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death around the world and Iran. Due to the high number of deaths from heart disease, self-management programs need to be considered.This study aimed to examine the effects of self-management on coping strategies in patients after angioplasty.Methods: In this non-randomized clinical trial, 66 patients (30 in intervention and 30 in control groups) were selected from the two hospitals (Shariati and Imam Khomeini) of Tehran University of Medical Sciences using the convenience sampling method and according to the inclusion criteria of the study in 2016. Demographic data were collected by self-presentation and from the medical records of the patients before the study. Coping strategies were then measured before and after the intervention in two groups by the standard questionnaire of Lazarus and Folkman's coping strategies. The statistical analysis was performed using descriptive and analytical tests such as chisquare and independent t-test with the SPSS 16 software.Results: The results showed no significant difference between the intervention and control groups regarding the demographic characteristics. Also, there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups regarding the problem- focused (P=0.85) and emotion-focused (P=0.54) coping strategies. Statistical analysis showed that patients' self-management program could increase the use of problem-focused coping strategies (P=0.005), but did not have any effect on the emotionfocused coping strategies (P=0.25).Conclusions: Nursing can move towards a full implementation of self-management programs as part of nursing services to patients to help deal with problems and stress-related illnesses to improve patients’ quality of life.

Introduction: Personal intelligence and body intelligence are the most effective factors on the symptoms of social anxiety and it can have a basic role in decreasing the cosmetic surgery. This study was performed to compare the effects of personal intelligence and body intelligence training on the symptoms of social anxiety in cosmetic surgery applicants.Methods: This study was an experimental with pre-test, post-test and follow-up. The sample of the present study included 48 applicants referred to Tabriz cosmetic surgery centers for surgery in 2016.They were randomly assigned into personality intelligence training groups, body intelligence training groups and control groups. Mayer’s personal intelligence, Anderson’s body intelligence and Connor’s social phobia questionnaires were used to collect data. The data were analyzed by mixed ANOVA, Tukey's test and Bonferroni analysis with the SPSS 22 software. P value less than 0.05 was considered significant.Results: Personal intelligence and body intelligence training had significant effects on decreasing the social anxiety (Partial Eta2=0.810; F=95.93; P<0.000), fear (Partial Eta2=0.565; F=29.23; P<0.000), avoidance (Partial Eta2=0.830; F=110.19; P<0.000) and physiological discomfort (Partial Eta2=0.663; F=44.29; P<0.000) in cosmetic surgery applicants. However, no significant difference was found between these two interventions regarding the treatment of the social anxiety of the applicants.Conclusions: Considering to the effectiveness of personal and body intelligence training in decreasing the social anxiety in the cosmetic surgery applicants, it seems that personal and body intelligence training can reduce the cosmetic surgery tendency in applicants.

Introduction: Cognitive distortions have an adverse effect on medical conditions of the HIV/AIDS patients. The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of the cognitive-existential therapy on reduction of cognitive distortions in women with HIV.Methods: A single-subject study was conducted on three women with HIV who had been referred to the Sabzeh Parvar Therapy Center, Karaj, for the medical treatment during 2014-2015. Each person participated in ten (90-minute) individual sessions of the cognitive-existential therapy. Data were collected using the questionnaire of cognitive distortions (Hasanzadeh and Salar, 2008) for seven times (two times at the baseline phase, three times at the intervention phase, and two times at the follow-up phase). The collected data were analyzed by indicators of process changes, tilt, Cohen's effect size index and review of the ebb and flow of the charts.Results: The results showed a significant increase on cognitive distortions compared to the baseline and the most amount of increase was observed in the final treatment session. Although the scores decreased in the two follow-up sessions compared to the final session of the therapy, they showed a significant increment compared to the baseline. Increased scores of cognitive distortions showed positive thinking in patients.Conclusions: Considering the effectiveness of the cognitive-existential therapy on the reduction of cognitive distortions in patients with HIV, this intervention can be used to alleviate the psychological pain in this group.

Introduction: Mental health is an important factor in harmonious relationship with others, in personal and social environments. The most important factors affecting mental health are stress and anxiety. Operating room is considered as one of the most stressful wards of a hospital in studies.The aim of this study was to determine and compare the mental health of freshmen and senior operating room and anesthesia majors' students and related factors in Guilan University of Medical Sciences to promote the mental health of this important group, which can also be associated with patients' health.Methods: This was a descriptive-analytical and cross-sectional study in 2015 and was conducted with census method on all freshmen and senior operating room and anesthesia students of Guilan University of Medical Sciences (119). Data collection tools included demographic information and General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-28). SPSS software and Pearson chi-squared and Fisher's exact tests were used for data analysis.Results: The results showed that the number of students in the operating room who had mental health (75.6%) was more than the anesthesiology students (57.9%). While the relationship of gender and location was significant with social health subscales (P=0.035 and P=0.44, respectively), the relationship between mental health and academic major, as well as with other demographic characteristics was not significant.Conclusions: The implications of performance of operating room and anesthesiology student in the near future will be associated with the health system. Because of the presence or absence of a significant relationship in some demographic characteristics with mental health and its subscales, more studies need to be conducted assessing the factors affecting the mental health of this group for proper planning, aimed at improving the health of this valuable community.